Download or read book Black tailed Deer Behavior and Population Dynamics in the Tillamook Burn Oregon written by William Wester Hines and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology and Management of Black tailed and Mule Deer of North America written by James R. Heffelfinger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-04-27 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black-tailed and mule deer represent one of the largest distributions of mammals in North America and are symbols of the wide-open American West. Each chapter in this book was authored by the world’s leading experts on that topic. Both editors, James R. Heffelfinger and Paul R. Krausman, are widely published in the popular and scientific press and recipients of the O. C. Wallmo Award, given every two years to a leading black-tailed and mule deer expert who has made significant contributions to the conservation of this species. In addition, Heffelfinger has chaired the Mule Deer Working Group sponsored by the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies for more than 15 years. This working group consists of the leading black-tailed and mule deer experts from each of 24 states, provinces, and territories in western North America, putting them at the forefront of all conservation and much of the research on this species. The book represents all current knowledge available on these deer, including how changing conditions such as fires, habitat alteration and loss, disease, climate change, socio-economic forces, energy development, and other aspects are influencing their distribution and abundance now and into the future. It takes a completely fresh look at all chapter topics. The revisions of distribution, taxonomy, evolution, behavior, and new and exciting work being done in deer nutrition, migration and movements, diseases, predation, and human dimensions are all assembled in this volume. This book will instantly become the foundation for the latest information and management strategies to be implemented on the ground by practitioners and to inform the public. Although this book is about deer, the topics discussed influence most terrestrial wildlife worldwide, and the basic concepts in many of the chapters are applicable to other species.
Download or read book General Technical Report PNW GTR written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Note PNW written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment and Management of Animal Damage in Pacific Northwest Forest written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U S D A Forest Service Research Note PNW written by Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Portland, Or.) and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Land Mammals of Oregon written by B. J. Verts and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive, up-to-date treatment of mammals of Oregon since Vernon Bailey's THE MAMMALS AND LIFE ZONES OF OREGON was published in 1936. This new book provides a basic reference to mammalian life in the northwestern U.S., with descriptions of 136 extant or recently extirpated species. 122 color and 36 b&w photos, 140 maps, 150 drawings.
Download or read book Postseason Hunting to Reduce Deer Damage to Douglas fir in Western Oregon written by Glenn LeRoy Crouch and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effects of two successive postseason deer hunts on deer browsing of Douglas-fir seedlings in the Coast Range in western Oregon were evaluated. Terminal browsing was significantly lower on the area subjected to more hunting compared with other areas.
Download or read book Management of Wildlife and Fish Habitats in Forests of Western Oregon and Washington Appendices written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Management of Wildlife and Fish Habitats in Forests of Western Oregon and Washington written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wildlife Research Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mule and Black tailed Deer of North America written by Olof C. Wallmo and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed in co-operation with U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service.
Download or read book Food Preferences of the Columbian Black tailed Deer Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus Richardson on the Tillamook Burn Oregon written by Edward Frank Chatelain and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology of the Tule Elk Range Point Reyes National Seashore written by Peter John Patrick Gogan and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sitka Black tailed Deer written by United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Historic Survival Rates and Cause Specific Mortality for Columbian Black Tailed Deer in Southwest Oregon written by Kevyn A. Groot and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In contrast with other Odocoileus species, Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) population dynamics are not well understood throughout the species' range. Concerns over apparent long-term population declines have prompted efforts to fill basic knowledge gaps including estimates of vital rates (fecundity, recruitment and survival) and cause-specific mortality. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife completed an extensive Columbian black-tailed (black-tailed) deer radio-collaring study in Oregon's south Cascade range from 1994 - 2000, with the goal of better understanding and anticipating the effects of different harvest management strategies on deer herds in the region. I utilized this historical data to conduct an in-depth investigation of seasonal sex- and age-specific survival rates and cause-specific mortality rates for marked black-tailed deer. I used known-fate data for 293 male and female radio-collared black-tailed of 3 age classes (yearling, 2-year old, adult) to estimate seasonal survival and investigate a variety of explanatory factors including sex, age class, temporal effects (seasonal, annual and trends across season and year), and time-dependent large-scale regional climate covariates. Variation in survival rates for this population was best explained by an interaction between sex and age class, with decreased probability of survival with increasing age class. The age effect was most pronounced in males, and although female survival in the older age classes was higher compared to male survival as predicted, yearling males had higher survival rates than yearling females. There was strong support for temporal variation in survival between summer and winter seasons, with winter survival best modeled as constant across years and summer survival variable across years. Winter survival was generally higher than summer except in 1997 when winter and summer rates were similar. Despite annual variation in summer survival rates, large-scale climate indices (Southern Oscillation Index, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and Palmer Drought Severity Index) did not explain any temporal variation in survival rates within seasons. Low survival rates during the summer season, particularly for older males, resulted in low estimates of annual survival in some years. Annual estimates for males ranged from 0.47 - 0.76 for yearlings, 0.29 - 0.60 for 2-year olds and 0.14 - 0.40 for adults across the 6 years of this study. Annual estimates for females were generally higher than for males but were some of the lowest documented for the species, ranging from 0.47 - 0.76 for yearlings, 0.46 - 0.75 for 2-year olds and 0.44 - 0.74 for adults. I used the nonparametric cumulative incidence function estimator (NPCIFE) to generate annual and seasonal cumulative incidence functions for four competing risks: harvest, predation, other low-incidence sources of anthropogenic or natural mortality, and mortality due to unknown sources. Annual and seasonal risk functions were pooled across all years of the study to maximize sample size. As predicted in this system with limited antlerless harvest, cumulative risk of harvest across the entire annual cycle (365 days) was significantly higher for males (0.16, 95% CI = 0.11 - 0.21); a 16% annual cumulative risk compared to just 3% for females (0.03, 95% CI = 0.01 - 0.05). In addition, cause-specific mortality by male age class during the period of highest hunting pressure (general Cascade rifle season) suggested that 2-year-old males had over twice the cumulative risk of legal harvest with 22% of this age class killed by hunters during the general rifle season (0.22, 95% CI = 0.12 - 0.33) compared to 10% of adults (0.10, 95% CI = 0.04 - 0.15). Most yearling males survived the harvest season as cumulative legal harvest risk for yearling males was low (0.02, 95% CI = -0.01 - 0.06) relative to 2-year-olds and adults. Cougars (Puma concolor) were the primary predator of marked black-tailed deer and there was no significant difference in annual cumulative predation risk between the sexes (males: 0.05, 95% CI = 0.02 - 0.08; females: 0.05, 95% CI = 0.03 - 0.08), with only 5% risk of predation each year for both males and females. There was strong evidence that cumulative predation risk for females was higher in winter (0.04, 95% CI = 0.02 - 0.06) compared to summer (0.01, 95% CI = -0.002 - 0.02), and an increase in cumulative risk from February to May provides supportive evidence that females are more susceptible to predation during these months. High survival rates of yearling males with dramatic declines in survival once many of these deer became 2-year olds or older suggest that harvest may have had an additive effect and been the primary cause of low survival rates observed for males. Observed variability in summer survival resulted in variable, and in some years very low, annual survival rates for adult females; a strong contrast to the generally stable annual survival rates reported for other populations of mule deer. The highest estimates of annual survival for yearling males and for females of all age classes (0.74) in 1997 are comparable to the low range of estimates observed in other populations, but in other years estimates are much lower than what has been previously reported for black-tailed deer. These low survival rates might suggest a mechanism resulting in population decline over time, but more information on other vital rates (fecundity, fawn survival, and recruitment), carrying capacity of the system and population size is necessary to understand the population dynamics of black-tailed deer in this region during the 1990's. Properties of the data relative to male age classes in particular (low sample sizes, high censoring rates) decreased precision of these estimates and might have resulted in biased estimates. Adult females had consistently sufficient sample sizes over the course of the study to generate more precise, reliable estimates of survival, particularly in the latter 3 years of the study; these estimates should therefore be viewed with more confidence. Cause-specific mortality rates should be viewed as minimums due to the high number of unknown mortalities (40% of total) in the study population, but they suggest that hunting is the primary source of mortality for adult males and predation has the highest impact on seasonal female mortality rates. Given the historical nature of these results, my estimates should be used as a baseline and foundation for comparison with results from current black-tailed deer research in Oregon. These results have raised potential questions regarding harvest levels on male black-tailed deer in addition to possible resource constraints affecting both sexes on seasonal ranges, and can therefore focus new research to address these concerns.
