Download or read book Black Sea Oceanography written by E. Izdar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Çesme, Izmir, Turkey, October 23-27, 1989

Download or read book The Black Sea Environment written by Aleksey N. Kosarev and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-10-27 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a wealth of primary data collected by expeditions as well as archive data from Russia, this fascinating book features a systematic description of the knowledge accumulated on the physical oceanography, marine chemistry and pollution, marine biology and geology, meteorology and hydrology of the Black Sea. It presents the principal characteristic features of the environmental conditions of the sea and their changes in the second half of the 20th century.

Download or read book Pollution in the Black Sea written by Konstantin Pokazeev and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides information on the causes, consequences, and possible solutions to modern environmental problems associated with ocean pollution with a particular focus on the Back Sea. The oceans are a vast but fragile complex. In recent decades, it has become especially manifest when ocean pollution has reached an unparalleled situation. Meanwhile, not only the well-being of ecosystems depends on the state of ocean waters, but human civilization largely depends on the oceans as a consequence of environmental dependence. This book examines the consequences of pollutants such as oil and hydrocarbon products (including plastics and microplastics), water acidification, sewage, wastewaters discharge into the ocean, thermal pollution, nuclear pollution, and biological pollution. Beyond the types of pollutants and their consequences, this book outlines the state of the art of the legal situation internationally regarding ocean pollution. The authors also show the current pollution of the inland seas, taking as an example of the Black Sea (anthropogenic and natural sources of pollution, its shelf, and shallow waters as well as international legislation). A part of the book analyzes the main types of environmental monitoring of the oceans and their role in solving ocean pollution problems with a particular interest in the Black Sea. The book is of interest to specialists in ocean pollution, ecologists, oceanologists, students, and graduate students studying oceanography, marine ecology, current methods of environmental monitoring, and legal problems related to the oceans and seas pollution, as well as to anyone interested in modern problems of the oceans.

Download or read book The Black Sea Flood Question Changes in Coastline Climate and Human Settlement written by Valentina Yanko-Hombach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-15 with total page 981 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together eastern and western scholarship on a controversial subject: a catastrophic inundation of the Pontic basin which might have inspired the biblical story of Noah’s flood. In 35 papers, many previously unavailable in English, experts in oceanography, marine geology, paleoclimate, paleoenvironment, archaeology, and linguistic spread offer data and arguments for or against the flood hypothesis. Appendices include 600 radiocarbon dates from the region, obtained by USSR and western labs.

Download or read book The Black Sea geology Chemistry and Biology written by Egon T. Degens and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Petroleum Geology of the Black Sea written by M.D. Simmons and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Black Sea remains one of the largest underexplored rift basins in the world. Future success is dependent on a better understanding of a number of geological uncertainties. These include reservoir and source rock presence and quality, and the timing of migration of hydrocarbons relative to trap formation. An appreciation of the geological history of the Black Sea basins and the surrounding orogens is therefore key. The timing of basin formation, uplift of the margins, and of facies distribution remain issues for robust debate. This Special Publication presents the results of 15 studies that relate to the tectono-stratigraphy and petroleum geology of the Black Sea. The methodologies of these studies encompass crustal structure, geodynamic evolution, stratigraphy and its regional correlation, petroleum systems, source to sink, hydrocarbon habitat and play concepts, and reviews of past exploration. They provide insight into the many ongoing controversies concerning Black Sea regional geology and provide a better understanding of the geological risks that must be considered for future hydrocarbon exploration.

Download or read book The Black Sea written by Emil Vespremeanu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-24 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book underpins the geography of the Black Sea, covering topics such as morphology, morphography, geology, and history of the Black Sea. It also discusses environmental aspects affecting the population in the Black Sea's coastal settlements and looks to the future of the Black Sea region. This book covers a gap in research in the field of world regional geography of the Black Sea by providing a comprehensive methodology and terminology to readers, students and teachers in the field.

Download or read book The Physical Oceanography of Sea Straits written by L.J. Pratt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suppose one were given the task of mapping the general circulation in an unfamiliar ocean. The ocean, like our own, is subdivided into basins and marginal seas interconnected by sea straits. Assuming a limited budget for this undertaking, one would do well to choose the straits as observational starting points. To begin with, the currents flowing from one basin to the next, over possibly wide and time-varying paths, are confined to narrow and stable routes within the straits. Mass, heat and chemical budgets for individual basins can be formulated in terms of the fluxes measured across the straits using a relatively small number of instruments. The confinement of the flow by a strait can also give rise to profound dynamical conse quences including choking or hydraulic control, a process similar to that by which a dam regulates the flow from a reservoir. The funneling geometry can lead to enhanced tidal modulation and increased velocities, giving rise to local instabilities, mixing, internal bores, jumps, and other striking hydraulic and fine scale phenomena. In short, sea straits repre sent choke points which are observationally and dynamically strategic and which contain a full range of fascinating physical processes.

Download or read book The Black Sea written by I͡U. I. Sorokin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 914 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Black Sea is the largest of the World meromictic basins -- those bodies of water characterized by a permanent halocline. In meromictic basins close to sea coasts, the halocline may form under the influence of saline sea water, which penetrates via shallow inlets or is seeping through the sand bars. Being more dense, this water fills deeper layers. This is the origin of the Black Sea and of numerous small meromictic estuarine lakes, lagoons, and fjords. The Black Sea is the largest meromictic basin of this type and contains the greatest amount of anoxic water on the Planet. The presence of its anoxic zone has had a drastic influence on its chemical conditions and biota. The formation of its quasi-permanent chemocline is the consequence of a constant inflow of saline Mediterranean water from the Sea of Marmara through the Bosporus strait. These waters are spreading within the deep strata of its basin, while the salinity in its upper layer is freshened by river water and by inflow from the Sea of Azov... The specific features of the Black Sea and its great economic importance stimulated intensive investigations, which began in the late 18th century. By now it is one of the best studied enclosed seas. In spite of the existence of a voluminous literature, and maybe because of it, there is a growing need for a modern monographic book, which opens the possibility to navigate around the enormous scientific material and its controversies. Over 90% has been published in Russian or Romanian languages, practically inaccessible to the Western scientific communities. This monograph presents basic scientific knowledge on all aspects of the ecological state of the Basin, united within a holistic analysis of its ecosystem. The goal of the present book is to cover the demand for a modern monographic work of all knowledge about the Black Sea. The author also wants to demonstrate in this book the power of technological humanity, able to change catastrophically the ecosystem of a whole deep sea in only a couple of decades.

Download or read book Submerged Landscapes of the European Continental Shelf written by Nicholas C. Flemming and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-08-07 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quaternary Paleoenvironments examines the drowned landscapes exposed as extensive and attractive territory for prehistoric human settlement during the Ice Ages of the Pleistocene, when sea levels dropped to 120m-135m below their current levels. This volume provides an overview of the geological, geomorphological, climatic and sea-level history of the European continental shelf as a whole, as well as a series of detailed regional reviews for each of the major sea basins. The nature and variable attractions of the landscapes and resources available for human exploitation are examined, as are the conditions under which archaeological sites and landscape features are likely to have been preserved, destroyed or buried by sediment during sea-level rise. The authors also discuss the extent to which we can predict where to look for drowned landscapes with the greatest chance of success, with frequent reference to examples of preserved prehistoric sites in different submerged environments. Quaternary Paleoenvironments will be of interest to archaeologists, geologists, marine scientists, palaeoanthropologists, cultural heritage managers, geographers, and all those with an interest in the drowned landscapes of the continental shelf.

Download or read book The Black Sea from Paleogeography to Modern Navigation written by Romeo Bosneagu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an analysis of the evolution of navigation and seaborne trade in the Black Sea, considering the geographic, geological, and hydro-meteorological data, including information from the historical, geopolitical, economic, social, and military frames. In ancient times the Black Sea was at the edge of the known world, and together with its coasts it preserves traces of the Greek, Roman, and Byzantine civilizations. Many of the ancient ports were important and essential towns, which remains the case in modern times. The complex geographical conditions that have historically influenced, and continue to influence the development of maritime trade and transport in the Black Sea, have not been thoroughly researched or optimized for these activities. The book is divided into ten chapters. Chapter I describes the physical – geographical conditions of the Black Sea’s basin, and the geological evolution of its recent history, with application to the hypothesis of Noah's flood. Chapter 2 presents a short history of the research conducted on the Black Sea upto present day. Chapter 3 summarizes the specific characteristics of the Black Sea’s morphohydrography and morphodynamics. Chapter 4 contains the conclusions regarding the influence of coastal relief on the navigation and seaborne trade on the Black Sea. Chapter 5 analyzes the Black Sea basin’s meteo-climatic regime. Chapter 6 contains the conclusions of the influence of weather and climate factors on the navigation and seaborne trade on the Black Sea. Chapter 7 describes the specific hydrological factors of the Black Sea. Chapter 8 contains the conclusions regarding the influence of the hydrological factors for the navigation and seaborne trade on the Black Sea. Chapter 9 presents the Black Sea’s specific hydrobiological elements specific, as a „unicum hydrobiologicum”, and the main features of the Black Sea’s ecology. Chapter 10 is concentrated on the historical, social, political, economic, and geopolitical framework of the Black Sea basin influencing navigation and maritime transportation, from ancient times to the present. The book is written from the perspective of a Romanian Navy officer, with more than 40 years’ experience in the Romanian Navy

Download or read book Diversity in Coastal Marine Sciences written by Charles W. Finkl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book integrates a wide range of subjects into a coherent purview of the status of coastal marine science. Designed for the professional or specialist in coastal science, oceanography, and related disciplines, this work will appeal to workers in multidisciplinary fields that strive for practical solutions to environmental problems in coastal marine settings around the world. Examples are drawn from many different geographic areas, including the Black Sea region. Subject areas covered include aspects of coastal marine geology, physics, chemistry, biology, and history. These subject areas were selected because they form the basis for integrative investigation of salient environmental problems or perspective solutions or interpretation of historical context.

Download or read book Environmental Degradation of the Black Sea Challenges and Remedies written by Sükrü T. Besiktepe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Black Sea presently faces severe ecological disequilibrium due primarily to eutrophication and other types of contaminants, from atmospheric, river and landbased sources. Major contaminants include nutrients, pesticides, hydrocarbons and heavy metals. Among the most critical contemporary concerns are eutrophication and associated deterioration of water quality, plankton blooms, hypoxia and anoxia, loss of biodiversity and decline of living resources. A better understanding of conditions leading to eutrophication and of the associated changes during the last four decades, is being carried out at national , regional and international levels. High quality scientific research has been conducted in all Black Sea riparian countries (Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russian Federation, Turkey, Ukraine). In addition, several successful regional research programmes (e.g., CoMSBlack, NATO-TU Black Sea, NATO-TU Waves, EC-EROS 2000 Phase III, IOC Black Sea Regional Center with Pilot Projects 112) and one major environmental management program (GEF-BSEP) have been successfully launched. New international efforts like the Black Sea Commission, the Black Sea Program Coordination Unit, the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (all situated in Istanbul), together with the Convention for the Protection of the Black Sea against Pollution (Bucharest, 1992) and the Odessa Interministerial Decleration (1993) attest to the economic and political importance of these problems and the attention presently paid to this endangered sea.

Download or read book Deep Black Sea written by David M. Salkin and published by Permuted Press+ORM. This book was released on 2014-06-18 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Science fiction at its best, a realistic tale of exploration and danger, written by a man who knows the details of deep-sea exploration firsthand.” —Ben Bova, Hugo Award-wining author With a crew of seven, the Challenger sea lab submerges three miles below the waves for a one-year mission to study the hidden world of the deep black sea. How is it that sea animals can live and reproduce in water that should boil them on the thermal vents known as “black smokers?” Superheated water that is full of toxins and heavy metals and contains almost no oxygen should be void of life on planet Earth—and yet it is teeming with it. The answer to the puzzle lies in the bacteria. Researcher Ted Bell is a NASA scientist with his own agenda: getting humans to Mars. When he purposefully infects a member of the crew in an attempt to harness the power of the Deinococcus radiodurans bacteria, he quickly loses control and unleashes a terrifying new creature. His botched experiment quickly becomes a battle for survival—three miles below the surface. With the research vessel nearing catastrophic failure, and terrifying alien life forms running wild through the ship, the crew must figure out a way to battle something that is no longer human while trying desperately to reach the surface alive. “Crichton at his best is the main author who comes to mind as a comparable influence when reading Deep Black Sea . . . The informative and fascinating science that fills each page really elevates this book to a higher grade.” —Horror Novel Reviews

Download or read book Archaeological Oceanography written by Robert D. Ballard and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archaeological Oceanography is the definitive book on the newly emerging field of deep-sea archaeology. Marine archaeologists have been finding and excavating underwater shipwrecks since at least the early 1950s, but until recently their explorations have been restricted to depths considered shallow by oceanographic standards. This book describes the latest advances that enable researchers to probe the secrets of the deep ocean, and the vital contributions these advances offer to archaeology and fields like maritime history and anthropology. Renowned oceanographer Robert Ballard--who stunned the world with his discovery of the Titanic deep in the North Atlantic--has gathered together the pioneers of archaeological oceanography, a cross-disciplinary group of archaeologists, oceanographers, ocean engineers, and anthropologists who have undertaken ambitious expeditions into the deep sea. In this book, they discuss the history of archaeological oceanography and the evolution and use of advanced deep-submergence technology to locate and excavate ancient and modern shipwrecks and cultural and other sites deep under water. They offer examples from their own expeditions and explain the challenges future programs face in obtaining access to the resources needed to carry out this important and exciting research. The contributors are Robert D. Ballard, Ali Can, Dwight F. Coleman, Mike J. Durbin, Ryan Eustace, Brendan Foley, Cathy Giangrande, Todd S. Gregory, Rachel L. Horlings, Jonathan Howland, Kevin McBride, James B. Newman, Dennis Piechota, Oscar Pizarro, Christopher Roman, Hanumant Singh, Cheryl Ward, and Sarah Webster.

Download or read book Ecosystem Modeling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea written by Leonid I. Ivanov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text tackles complex scientific problems related to the evolution of the Black Sea ecosystem. This volume contains 27 papers in all, two on the NATO TU Black Sea database and database management system, eight on the Black Sea biogeochemistry, and 17 on the biological structure of the basin.

Download or read book Black Sea Oceanography written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: