Download or read book Bispecific Antibodies for T Cell Based Immunotherapy written by Brian H. Santich and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-01-21 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CK is affiliated with the Roche Innovation Center Zurich, holds stocks and has patents with Hoffmann-La Roche company. NKC reports receiving commercial research grants from Y-mabs Therapeutics and Abpro-Labs Inc.; holding ownership interest/equity/options in Y-Mabs Therapeutics Inc., and in Abpro-Labs, and owning stock options in Eureka Therapeutics. NKC is the inventor of pending and issued patents filed by MSK, including hu3F8 and 8H9 licensed to Ymabs Therapeutics, beta-glucan to Biotec Pharmacon, and HER2 bispecific antibody to Abpro-labs. NKC is an advisory board member for Abpro-Labs and Eureka Therapeutics

Download or read book Co signal Molecules in T Cell Activation written by Miyuki Azuma and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-22 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book equips young immunologists and health professionals with a clear understanding of the fundamental concepts and roles of co-signal molecules and in addition presents the latest information on co-stimulation. The first part of the book is devoted to co-signal molecules and the regulation of T cells. Following an initial overview, subsequent chapters examine each co-signal molecule in turn and discuss the mechanisms by which co-signal molecules regulate the different types of T cell. The second part covers various clinical applications, including in autoimmune disease, neurological disorders, transplantation, graft-versus-host disease, and cancer immunotherapy. To date, co-stimulation blockade and co-inhibition blockade have shown beneficial effects and many additional clinical trials targeting co-signal molecules are ongoing. The mechanisms underlying these successful treatments are explained and the future therapeutic potential in the aforementioned diseases is evaluated. Co-signal Molecules in T Cell Activation will be a valuable reference guide to co-stimulation for basic and clinical researchers in the fields of both immunology and pharmaceutical science.

Download or read book Bispecific Antibodies written by Roland E. Kontermann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-21 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of using bispecific antibodies for cancer therapy by retargeting immune effector cells was developed several years ago. Initial clinical studies were rather disappointing mainly due to low efficacy, severe side effects and the immunogenicity of the bispecific antibodies. The progress in antibody engineering finally led to the generation of new classes of bispecific antibodies lacking these obstacles. In addition, new applications were established, such as pre-targeting strategies in radioimmunotherapy and dual targeting approaches in order to improve binding, selectivity and efficacy. In this book, the different ways of generating bispecific antibodies are described, with emphasis on recombinant formats. The various applications of bispecific antibodies, e.g. in cellular cancer immunotherapy, radioimmunotherapy and pretargeting strategies are covered, and emerging applications such as dual targeting strategies, which involve the simultaneous inhibition of two targets, are addressed.

Download or read book Cancer Vaccines and Immunotherapy written by Peter L. Stern and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-08-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid progress in the definition of tumor antigens, and improved immunization methods, bring effective cancer vaccines within reach. In this wide-ranging survey, leading clinicians and scientists review therapeutic cancer vaccine strategies against a variety of diseases and molecular targets. Intended for an interdisciplinary readership, their contributions cover the rationale, development, and implementation of vaccines in human cancer treatment, with specific reference to cancer of the cervix, breast, colon, bladder, and prostate, and to melanoma and lymphoma. They review target identification, delivery vectors and clinical trial design. The book begins and ends with lucid overviews from the editors, that discuss the most recent developments.

Download or read book Self and Nonself written by Carlos López-Larrea and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-07 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1960 Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet received the Noble Prize in Physiology and Medicine. He titled his Nobel Lecture “Immunological Recognition of Self” emphasizing the central argument of immunological tolerance in “How does the vertebrate organism recognize self from nonself in this the immunological sense—and how did the capacity evolve.” The concept of self is linked to the concept of biological self identity. All organisms, from bacteria to higher animals, possess recognition systems to defend themselves from nonself. Even in the context of the limited number of metazoan phyla that have been studied in detail, we can now describe many of the alternative mechanism of immune recognition that have emerged at varying points in phylogeny. Two different arms—the innate and adaptive immune system—have emerged at different moments in evolution, and they are conceptually different. The ultimate goals of immune biology include reconstructing the molecular networks underlying immune processes.

Download or read book The EBMT EHA CAR T Cell Handbook written by Nicolaus Kröger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-07 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first open access European CAR-T Handbook, co-promoted by the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) and the European Hematology Association (EHA), covers several aspects of CAR-T cell treatments, including the underlying biology, indications, management of side-effects, access and manufacturing issues. This book, written by leading experts in the field to enhance readers’ knowledge and practice skills, provides an unparalleled overview of the CAR-T cell technology and its application in clinical care, to enhance readers’ knowledge and practice skills.

Download or read book Development of Antibody Based Therapeutics written by Mohammad A. Tabrizi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-11 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a key focus on recent developments and advances in the field, this book provides in-depth coverage of topics fundamental to the development of targeted therapeutics. The expansion of targeted modalities in rapidly evolving therapeutic areas, such as immune-oncology, and developments with respect to combination therapies, novel technologies, and the therapeutic application of antibody-drug conjugates, are presented. Additionally, the book builds upon topics discussed in the first edition (2012) where recent innovations warrant elaboration. This, the second edition of Development of Antibody-Based Therapeutics: Translational Considerations, represents a comprehensive evaluation of progress in the field, which sits alongside the first edition to inform, in detail, professional and academic researchers, as well as graduate students.

Download or read book Gene and Cellular Immunotherapy for Cancer written by Armin Ghobadi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical and preclinical exploration of gene and cellular immunotherapy have seen rapid growth and interest with the development and approval of five Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) products for lymphoma and myeloma and one Bispecific T-Cell Engager (BiTE) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). These advances have dramatically improved the management of patients with relapsed refractory lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia. Gene and Cellular Immunotherapy for Cancer offers readers a comprehensive review of current cellular and gene-based immunotherapies. Divided into eighteen cohesive chapters, this book provides an in-depth and detailed look into cellular-based immunotherapies including CAR-T, TCR-T, TIL, Viral CTLs, NK cells in addition to T/NK cell engagers, focusing on their historical perspectives, biology, development and manufacturing, toxicities and more. Edited by two leading experts on gene and cellular immunotherapy, the book will feature chapters written by a diverse collection of recognized and up-and-coming experts and researchers in the field, providing oncologists, immunologists, researchers and clinical and basic science trainees with a bench to bedside view of the latest developments in the field.

Download or read book Antibody Fusion Proteins written by Steven M. Chamow and published by Wiley-Liss. This book was released on 1999-04-13 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly detailed and illustrated, this book examines the construction, properties, applications, and problems associated with specific types of fusion molecules used in clinical and research medicine. The editors present an overview of the field, followed by nine chapters divided into two general sections based on the two primary parts of the antibody molecule: Fab fusion proteins and Fc fusion proteins. In addition, numerous renowned scientists in the field have contributed outlines demonstrating man-made molecules that will be required not only to overcome the limitations of monoclonal antibodies, but also to extend the principle of selective targeting. Divided into specific, accessible sections, Antibody Fusion Proteins includes: * Chapters describing Fc fusion proteins, as well as several classes of antigen-binding proteins * Complete details on the design and molecular construction of genetically engineered fusion molecules * Useful information on molecular purification, large-scale production, practical applications, and their therapeutic potential * The latest data on forming fusion proteins with toxins, cytokines, or enzymes that can activate a prodrug

Download or read book Progress in Clinical and Biological Research written by George J. Brewer and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Cancer written by Manfred Schwab and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-23 with total page 3307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive encyclopedic reference provides rapid access to focused information on topics of cancer research for clinicians, research scientists and advanced students. Given the overwhelming success of the first edition, which appeared in 2001, and fast development in the different fields of cancer research, it has been decided to publish a second fully revised and expanded edition. With an A-Z format of over 7,000 entries, more than 1,000 contributing authors provide a complete reference to cancer. The merging of different basic and clinical scientific disciplines towards the common goal of fighting cancer makes such a comprehensive reference source all the more timely.

Download or read book Biomaterials for Cancer Therapeutics written by Kinam Park and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-11-23 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer can affect people of all ages, and approximately one in three people are estimated to be diagnosed with cancer during their lifetime. Extensive research is being undertaken by many different institutions to explore potential new therapeutics, and biomaterials technology is now being developed to target, treat and prevent cancer. This unique book discusses the role and potential of biomaterials in treating this prevalent disease.The first part of the book discusses the fundamentals of biomaterials for cancer therapeutics. Chapters in part two discuss synthetic vaccines, proteins and polymers for cancer therapeutics. Part three focusses on theranosis and drug delivery systems, whilst the final set of chapters look at biomaterial therapies and cancer cell interaction.This extensive book provides a complete overview of the latest research into the potential of biomaterials for the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of cancer. Biomaterials for cancer therapeutics is an essential text for academics, scientists and researchers within the biomedical industry, and will also be of interest to clinicians with a research interest in cancer therapies and biomaterials. - A complete overview of the latest research into the potential of biomaterials for the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of cancer - Discusses the fundamentals of biomaterials for cancer therapeutics - Discusses synthetic vaccines, proteins and polymers for cancer therapeutics

Download or read book The Peripheral T Cell Lymphomas written by Owen A. O'Connor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-01 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE PERIPHERAL T-CELL LYMPHOMAS Provides a comprehensive look at Peripheral T-Cell lymphomas, including the group’s unique geographic distribution, underlying genetics, and novel treatments Peripheral T-Cell lymphomas (PTCL) are a diverse group of lymphoid malignancies that develop from mature T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. PTCL represent 10-15% of all cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the US, and up to 20-25% of cases in South America, Asia, and other regions around the world. The role of different etiologic factors and the variation of geographic distribution makes PTCL one of the most difficult types of cancer to understand and treat. For the first time in a single volume, The Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas presents a comprehensive survey of this complex and rare group of blood cancers. Featuring contributions from an international team of leading authorities in the various aspects of PTCL, this authoritative text covers biology, epidemiology, classification, approved and emerging drugs, molecular genetics, and more. Detailed clinical chapters address diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of each of the major PTCL subtypes identified in the 2018 WHO Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. This much-needed resource: Covers the biological basis, epidemiology, classification, and treatment of PTCL Discusses the future of the field, including global collaboration efforts and novel approaches to PCTL Explores the role of biologics in PTCL and autologous and allogeneic stem-cell transplantation Offers new insights on molecular pathogenesis, innovative therapeutics, and novel drug combinations Features contributions from the Chairs The T-Cell Lymphoma Forum: the world’s largest meeting focused on PTCL Reflecting the unique epidemiology and genetic diversity of the PTCL, The Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas is an indispensable source of data, insight, and references for the medical community, particularly oncologists and hematologists in both training and practice.

Download or read book Nanoparticle T Cell Engagers as a Modular Platform for Cancer Immunotherapy written by Kinan Alhallak and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunotherapy has advanced significantly in recent years due to its promising clinical outcomes in a variety of malignancies and holds great promise in becoming the "cure" for cancer. Cancer immunotherapy is the treatment that stimulates a person's own immune system to recognize, target, and eliminate cancer cells. As the field progresses with emerging and novel strategies, the ability to manipulate the immune system while mitigating toxicities is the goal for clinical translation. To control for both efficacy and safety, biomaterials have been incorporated into immunotherapies to achieve tissue- and/or cell-specific immunomodulation, overcome immunosuppression, and address tumor microenvironment heterogeneity.T cell-based immunotherapy, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, has shown promising clinical outcomes in many cancers. CAR-T cells are autologous T cells that have been virally transfected to express an engineered CAR construct, containing a synthesized fragment that targets the desired surface antigen on the target cell. However, this therapy has significant limitations such as toxicity, the long-term safety profile of the viral vector, the need to perform quality control testing frequently throughout the production of CAR-T cells, the high costs associated with extensive labor and expensive facility equipment, complex production, and the inability to target multiple tumor antigens with one CAR-T cell. In addition to CAR-T cells, T cell-based therapy can be pursued with T cell engagers (TCEs). TCEs consists of two single chain variable fragments which are connected by a protein linker. One of the domains recognizes a tumor-associated surface antigen, while the other recognizes the T cell using the CD3 receptor. TCEs demonstrate high potency and efficacy against tumor cells and exploit the use of endogenous T cells, circumventing the limitation of genetically engineering extracted patient T cells to express CARs. The disadvantages of TCEs, however, include toxicity, laborious and tedious production, short pharmacokinetics (PK), and the inability to target multiple cancer surface markers Moreover, both CART and TCE therapies confer the development of antigen-less clones, causing tumor escape and relapse in multi-clonal diseases; and inability to induce T cell persistent activation, ultimately causing T cell exhaustion. We developed nanoparticle-based bispecific T cell engagers (nanoBTCEs), which are liposomes decorated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies targeting T cells, and monoclonal antibodies targeting one cancer antigen. NanoBTCEs 1) have a long half-life of about 60 hours, which enables once-a-week administration instead of continuous infusion; 2) induce T cell activation in the presence of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) and multiple myeloma (MM) cells; and 3) induce T cell-mediated cancer cell lysis of WM and MM cells. Due to the nanoparticulate nature of nanoBTCEs, we solved the PK problem, enabled simple and cheap production, and created an off-the-shelf platform for cancer immunotherapy. For multi-clonal diseases such as MM, we also developed nanoparticle-based multispecific T cell engagers (nanoMuTEs), which are liposomes decorated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies targeting T cells, and monoclonal antibodies targeting more than one cancer antigen. NanoMuTEs targeting multiple cancer antigens showed greater efficacy in MM cells in vitro and in vivo, compared to nanoBTCEs targeting only one cancer antigen. Unlike nanoBTCEs, treatment with nanoMuTEs didn't cause downregulation (or loss) of a single antigen and prevented the development of antigen-less tumor escape. Our nanoparticle-based immuno-engaging technology provides a solution for the major limitations of current immunotherapy technologies. In addition, a major disadvantage TCEs have is that their T cell activation and persistence is weaker than CAR-T cells, which is why CAR-T cells have a greater anti-tumor response compared to TCEs. Methods to activate T cells include the use of lectins, such as phytohemagglutinin (PHA) which is commonly only used for research purposes ex vivo, but not in vivo. PHA binds to glycoproteins on the T cell receptor and stimulates T cells more significantly compared to other forms of T cell activators such as phorbol 12-myristate 13- acetate, ionomycin, and concanavalin A. Yet, PHA has not been used to activate T cells in vivo, for immunotherapy, due to its biological instability and toxicity. The instability stems from its protein-nature, which causes its degradation and short bioavailability profile in the blood while toxicity can cause death due to agglutination of red and white blood cells. Therefore, to take full advantage of PHA as an immune activator, an approach of circumventing the limitations of PHA while also preserving function is needed. We report the encapsulation of PHA in a liposome which increased the in vivo stability, reduce toxicity, and activated T cells in vitro and in vivo, and induced killing of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. The liposomal PHA is a new form of pan- cancer immunotherapy which acts regardless of tumor antigens and thus does not induce antigen- less tumor escape while also circumventing current obstacles of T cell exhaustion. In conclusion, our nanoTCE platform uses nanoparticles to create a relatively simple, reproducible, and off-the-shelf solution to overcome the major limitations of current immunotherapy techniques such as TCEs and CAR-T cells. The nanoTCE targets each antigen with the high specificity of monoclonal antibodies which enables the creation of a more robust immunotherapy technology to take advantage of the immune system for an effective response. Our system enables the customization of the nanoTCE as an immunotherapy with the use of existing monoclonal antibodies for the targeting of any desired cancer or immune cell antigen. This simple, customizable, specific, translational, and efficacious nanoTCE platform provides the flexibility to engage any immune cell for the treatment of the cancer of interest and can be used for personalized medicine based on the cancer antigens presented by the patient's tumor.

Download or read book Anti tumor Activity of Cytotoxic Immune Cells Basic Research and Clinical Perspectives written by Malgorzata Firczuk and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-24 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells are powerful effectors of antitumor immunity. CTL recognize tumor antigens presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules with antigen-specific T cell receptors (TCR) and are the key effector cells of the adaptive immune response. In contrast, NK cells lack antigen-specific receptors and are regulated by the balance of signals from activating and inhibitory receptors. These two types of cells cooperate and complement each other in eliciting host immune response to cancer and mediating immune surveillance. Moreover, these cells play a crucial role in antitumor immunotherapy, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), bispecific T cell engagers (BiTe), as well as adoptive transfer of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified cytotoxic cells.

Download or read book Nanobody based cancer immunotherapy and immunoimaging written by Zahra Sharifzadeh and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-07 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Current Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Cancer written by Matthias Theobald and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-31 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive review of recent advances in cancer immunotherapy, and explores the value and limitations of the most effective current therapeutic strategies and emerging treatment modalities. It discusses in detail the successes achieved using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), including developments with regard to conjugated mAbs and also bispecific mAbs as novel treatment options for leukemia and solid tumors. It also examines the advances toward personalized immunotherapy, focusing on the effectiveness of adoptive cell therapy using genetically engineered T cells with tumor-associated antigen-specific T-cell receptors and chimeric antigen receptors, as well as the role of tailored vaccines based on the patient’s cancer mutanome. Further, it describes the impressive therapeutic results recently achieved with checkpoint inhibitors, and analyzes novel strategies to modulate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Written by leading international experts and providing up-to-date information on emerging strategies, such as oncolytic virus-based therapy, epigenetic therapy, and combination therapy, the book appeals to all those with an interest in immunotherapy as it comes of age.