Download or read book Bird Impact Forces in Aircraft Windshield Design written by Richard L. Peterson and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to design transparent aircraft windshield and canopy panels which can withstand the impact of birds, and at the same time meet other equally important operational requirements, it is necessary to define the forces generated during the birdstrike event. The total force as a function of time was measured by impacting birds onto a large diameter Hopkinson bar. The local pressures and pressure distribution during the bird impact were measured by flush mounting piezo-electric pressure transducers in a heavy rigid flat plate and impacting the plate/transducer assembly. The forces and pressures are a function of the relative impact velocity and angle, the weight and average density of the bird and the stiffness of the impacted structure. In order to define the temporal and spatial distribution of the bird impact forces, a parametric bird/plate impact test program was initiated. These tests cover a velocity range from 30 m/s to 350 m/s, impact angles from 15 to 90 deg in trajectory and bird weights from 0.05 kg to 3.6 kg. The results at the 90 deg test angle indicate that: (1) Birds behave essentially as a fluid during impact; (2) Birds do not bounce at impact -- the impuse is equal to the initial impact momentum; (3) The high-frequency component of pressure superimposed on the base pressure-time pulse is caused by breakup of the bird flesh and inhomogeneities in the bird; and (4) The duration of loading is approximately equal to the 'squash up' time.
Download or read book Windshield Bird Strike Structure Design Criteria written by James H. Lawrence and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Aircraft Windshields to Resist Impact with Birds in Flight written by Pell Kangas and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aircraft Windshield Bird Impact Math Model Part 3 Programming Manual written by R. C. Morris and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the Bird Impact Math Model (IMPACT), a computer program designed especially for the purpose of calculating transient dynamic responses of aircraft windshield and canopy systems, composed of laminated transparencies and supporting structures, to bird impact. Part 3 describes the design, operation, and implementation of the computer program code. Each of the seven programs comprising IMPACT are described individually in terms of coding strategy, internal and external storage utilization, limitations, error detection, and interaces between programs. Detailed descriptions of each subroutine are also included. (Author).
Download or read book Development of Aircraft Windshields to Resist Impact with Birds in Flight Collision of birds with aircraft in scheduled commercial operations in the continental United States written by Pell Kangas and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Aircraft Windshields to Resist Impact with Birds in Flight written by Pell Kangas and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aircraft Windshield Bird Impact Math Model Part 1 Theory and Application written by P. H. Denke and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the Bird Impact Math Model (IMPACT), a computer program designed especially for the purpose of calculating transient dynamic responses of aircraft windshield and canopy systems, composed of laminated transparencies and support structures, to bird impact. Part I of the report describes the theoretical basis of the program, and presents applications to classical problems and actual windshield systems. The approach is based upon a finite element model of the multilayered transparency and supporting structure, subjected to time-varying loads representing bird impact. The equation of motion for the model is derived, considering geometric and material nonlinearities. The approach to geometric nonlinearities is based upon the method of fictitious forces and deformations. The approach to material nonlinearities is based on the Von Mises yield criterion, and the Pandtl-Reuss equations. The scope of the computing effort is minimized by introducing a modal transformation. The transformed nonlinear differential equation of motion is solved incrementally in time and iteratively within each time step.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 1126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Definition and Reduction of the F 18 Windshield Birdstrike Hazard written by G. J. Stenger and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bird Strike written by Reza Hedayati and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2015-09-06 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bird strikes are one of the most dangerous threats to civil and military flight safety: between 1960 and 2014, they were responsible for the destruction of approximately 150 civil aircraft and the deaths of 271 people. Bird Strike presents a summary of the damage imposed on the aviation industries by their avian counterparts. This book first presents and analyzes the statistics obtained from bird strike databases and offers various methods for minimizing the overall probability of bird-strike events. The next chapters explore how to analyze the ability of aero-engine critical structures to withstand bird-strike events by implementing reliable experimental, theoretical, and numerical methods. Finally, the book investigates the impact of bird strikes on different components of aircrafts, such as the metal fuselage, composite fuselage, engines, wings, and tail, and proposes two new bird models, with explanations of their use. Provides up-to-date information for aviation staff and researchers working on aircraft safety Offers comprehensive investigations on all the statistical, theoretical, experimental, and numerical aspects of bird strike Includes studies carried out on bird strike and provides the reader with the important findings of each paper
Download or read book Analysis of Shock absorbing Concepts for Bird proof Windshields of Advanced Air Force Vehicles written by Werner R. Jansen and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shock-absorbing windshields and mounting frames are required in advanced AF aircraft to permit mission continuance after a hit by a bird in low level, high speed flight. Analytical structural models of bird strike-proof, high visibility window systems are optimized using existing glazing materials, designs for realistic environmental conditions, and the influencing factors of proposed shock absorbing mechanisms. Theoretical results generated are compared with published experimental data. Parametric studies of structural response due to impact loading and damping of dynamic stresses due to energy absorption were performed to provide preliminary design data for windscreen protection against bird strike.
Download or read book A Study of the Bird impact Resistance of Wind shields for High Performance Transport Aircraft written by John Sommers (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant structural design information on bird-impact resistant windshields was extracted from all available reports of test programs conducted on transport category aircraft since l956. This information was compiled and analyzed for use as a supplement to test and design data contained in CAA Technical Development Reports Nos. 74 and l05. New state-of-the-art developments were emphasized and the validity of previously developed design principles was confirmed. The study revealed that the glassvinyl-glass type windshield continues to be the most utilized design for bird-impact resistance. New developments include the substitution of corrosion-resistant steel for aluminum in the edge design for glass-vinyl panels, the use of an acrylic-vinyl-acrylic laminate in one new aircraft forward windshield, and the incorporation of an acryliccastable interlayer-acrylic laminate in one skylight window design. (Author).
Download or read book Development of Aircraft Windshields to Resist Impact with Birds in Flight written by Pell Kangas and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theoretical Evaluation of the Structural Performance of Swedish Fighter Aircraft Windshields Subjected to Bird Impact written by L. A. Samuelson and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High velocity bird impact characteristics were studied theoretically and the critical velocity, windshield deflection, birdraulics and associated phenomena in Swedish fighter aircraft were predicted. The investigation was carried out for the Swedish Air Force in close cooperation with the Saab Scania Aerospace Co and the results were used to optimize the test program and to propose design improvements for existing crew enclosures.
Download or read book Bird Hazards to Aircraft written by H. Blokpoel and published by Clarke Irwin ; [Ottawa] : Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada : Pub. Centre, Supply and Services Canada. This book was released on 1976 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Service Life Induced Failure of Bird Impact Resistant Windshields written by P. J. Burchill and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bird-impact resistant transparencies (BIRT), which are laminates of modified poly(methylmethacrylate), polycarbonate and a rubbery interlayer, have been fitted to all Royal Australian Air Force F111C aircraft. However their service-life has often been severely limited by factors other than bird-impact, and in one instance was as little as 30 flying hours for an alternate design bird-impact resistant transparency (ADBIRT) windshield. Unserviceability has arisen due to cracks, crazes, delamination, optical distortions or scratches; the most critical are cracks and crazes. All failed first generation windshields (BIRT) examined showed crazing of the inner acrylic layer, while 60% of them had serious crazing of the outer acrylic layer, and in 35% this layer was cracked. With ADBIRT windshields all failures examined were crazed, while some were cracked or showed delamination. The shapes of the crazes seen on these windshields show that the stresses involved in their formation and growth are complex.
Download or read book An Introductory Guide to EC Competition Law and Practice written by Valentine Korah and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 2354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
