Download or read book Biowarfare lessons emerging biosecurity issues and ways to monitor dual use biotechnology trends in the future written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biowarfare Lessons Emerging Biosecurity Issues and Ways to Monitor Dual use Biotechnology Trends in the Future written by Helen E. Purkitt and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study summarizes policy lessons for future efforts to monitor possible covert biological warfare programs based on past Iraqi and South African covert biowarfare programs. This comparative case study approach identified several commonalities in past biowarfare programs in developing countries. One was a tendency of governments to recruit some of the brightest students and send them abroad for advanced studies at western universities. This trend changed dramatically after the September 11, 2001, and it is now much more likely that future scientists working for government-sponsored bioweapons programs or for terrorist groups in the developing world will receive their advanced training at nonwestern institutions. A second commonality is that covert biological weapons research and development efforts have focused on exploiting readily available, naturally occurring pathogens for use as weapons of mass disruption or terror, in addition to efforts to develop sophisticated, genetically modified, weaponized organisms delivered in sophisticated delivery systems. Both the Iraqi and South African programs relied heavily on open-source literature to develop biological pathogens at multiple dual-use civilian facilities. This diffusion of covert research and development facilities is likely to increasingly in the future as mobile equipment and production facilities are more readily available for sale to any interested buyer. While these trends will make it difficult to detect preliminary covert biowarfare-related research and development, the full-scale production will continue to be difficult to hide. The second section of this study identified and discusses new biosecurity issues that emerged since September 11, 2001. These security issues increasingly collide with the economic development goals embraced by countries who are trying to increase civilian biotechnology research and development capacity in order to produce high-valued biotechnology exports and jobs.
Download or read book Biowarfare Lessons Emerging Biosecurity Issues and Ways to Monitor Dual Use Biotechnology Trends in the Future written by Helen E. Purkitt and published by . This book was released on 2005-09-15 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study offers policy lessons for efforts to monitor covert biological warfare programs based on recent investigations of past Iraqi and South African programs. This comparative case study approach identified commonalities in past biowarfare programs in developing countries. Both the Iraqi and South African cases showed that no single control strategy was entirely effective at stopping covert biological research and development. However, a combined approach based on import controls, sanctions, good intelligence on the ground from bilateral sources, and continuous international inspections that backed by a strong international consensus (in the case of Iraq) was remarkably effective at disrupting, slowing down the research and development process, and substantially raising the cost of conducting covert biowarfare programs.
Download or read book Emerging Threats of Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology written by Benjamin D. Trump and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic biology is a field of biotechnology that is rapidly growing in various applications, such as in medicine, environmental sustainability, and energy production. However these technologies also have unforeseen risks and applications to humans and the environment. This open access book presents discussions on risks and mitigation strategies for these technologies including biosecurity, or the potential of synthetic biology technologies and processes to be deliberately misused for nefarious purposes. The book presents strategies to prevent, mitigate, and recover from 'dual-use concern' biosecurity challenges that may be raised by individuals, rogue states, or non-state actors. Several key topics are explored including opportunities to develop more coherent and scalable approaches to govern biosecurity from a laboratory perspective up to the international scale and strategies to prevent potential health and environmental hazards posed by deliberate misuse of synthetic biology without stifling innovation. The book brings together the expertise of top scholars in synthetic biology and biotechnology risk assessment, management, and communication to discuss potential biosecurity governing strategies and offer perspectives for collaboration in oversight and future regulatory guidance.
Download or read book Dual use life science research and biosecurity in the 21st Century Social Technical Policy and Ethical Challenges written by Jonathan E. Suk and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In September 2011, scientists announced new experimental findings that would not only threaten the conduct and publication of influenza research, but would have significant policy and intelligence implications. The findings presented a modified variant of the H5N1 avian influenza virus (hereafter referred to as the H5N1 virus) that was transmissible via aerosol between ferrets. These results suggested a worrisome possibility: the existence of a new airborne and highly lethal H5N1 virus that could cause a deadly global pandemic. In response, a series of international discussions on the nature of dual-use life science arose. These discussions addressed the complex social, technical, political, security, and ethical issues related to dual-use research. This Research Topic will be devoted to contributions that explore this matrix of issues from a variety of case study and international perspectives.
Download or read book Globalization Biosecurity and the Future of the Life Sciences written by Committee on Advances in Technology and the Prevention of Their Application to Next Generation Biowarfare Threats and published by Joseph Henry Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cataloged from the prepublication edition.
Download or read book Biosecurity written by Earle Rice, Jr. and published by Enslow Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2016-07-15 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is bioterrorism and how can the United States prepare and defend itself from this threat? Readers will learn about the history of biological warfare and terrorismfrom ancient to medieval to modern times. Stories of a salmonella cult attack, a smallpox outbreak war game to test the nations readiness for a biological attack, and biosecurity breaches in Tokyo describe some of the nations experiences with biological warfare. Through informative text, full-color photos, and fact boxes, this book details US Army training against bioweapons, the future of biosecurity, and the prevention of bioweapon proliferation in the global community.
Download or read book Biosecurity written by Brian Rappert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-10-29 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the origins, interpretations and meanings of the term 'biosecurity'. It brings together contributors on issues relating to the perceptions of the threat of biological weapons and how states are responding, or not, to the challenges posed by the potential of the products of the life sciences to be used for destructive purposes.
Download or read book Insights In Biosafety Biosecurity 2022 2023 Novel Developments Current Challenges and Future Perspectives written by Segaran P. Pillai and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-03-20 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are now entering the third decade of the 21st century, and, especially in the last years, the achievements made by scientists have been exceptional, leading to major advancements in the rapidly growing fields of bioengineering and biotechnology. This annual collection, which highlights article submissions from our Editorial Board members, looks to explore new insights, novel developments, current challenges, latest discoveries, recent advances, and future perspectives in the field of Biosafety & Biosecurity.
Download or read book A Web of Prevention written by Brian Rappert and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Web of Prevention provides a timely contribution to the current debate about life science research and its implications for security. It is an informative guide for both experts and the public. It is a forward-looking contribution covering both ends of the equation and creates momentum for the current discussion on effective preventive measures and effective control measures. While there are no guarantees for preventing misuse, there are nonetheless crucial steps the world community can take towards the overarching goal of a global network for the life sciences. This book sheds light on concrete steps toward the achievement of this worthy goal. "This book with its collection of essays provides an in-depth analysis of the various mutually reinforcing elements that together create and strengthen a web of prevention - or of assurance - that is vital to ensure that the advances in the life sciences are not misused to cause harm. All those engaged in the life sciences and in policy making in governments around the world should read this book so they can take steps to strengthen the web preventing biological weapons". From the Foreword by Dr Gabriele Kraatz-Wadsack, Chief, Weapons of Mass Destruction Branch, Office for Disarmament Affairs, United Nations. "Since September 11, 2001 in many countries renewed attention has been given to how research in the life sciences might inadvertently or intentionally facilitate the development of biological or chemical weapons. This state-of-the-art volume examines the full extent of the issues and debates. Coverage includes an overview of recent scientific achievements in virology, microbiology, immunology and genetic engineering with a view to asking how they might facilitate the production of weapons of mass destruction by state, sub-state or terrorist organizations. Consideration is given to what we have and haven't learned from the past. Employing both academic analysis and reflections by practitioners, the book examines the security-inspired governance regimes for the life sciences that are under development. Ultimately the authors examine what is required to form a comprehensive and workable web of prevention and highlight the importance of encouraging discussions between scientists, policy makers and others regarding the governance of vital but potentially dangerous research". Dr Graham S. Pearson, Visiting Professor of International Security, University of Bradford, UK and previously Director-General, Chemical and Biological Defence Establishment, UK
Download or read book The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-06-07 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity, held in Budapest, Hungary on March 30 - April 2, 2008, represents the efforts of a number of individuals and organizations, over the last five years, to engage the international community of life scientists in addressing how to reduce the risk that the results of their work could be used for hostile purposes by terrorists and states. The participants who gathered in Budapest were already engaged in this challenging task, and, therefore, the focus of the meeting was on what had been accomplished and what challenges remained. There was no attempt to achieve consensus, since there exist real and important differences among those involved concerning the appropriate policies and actions to be undertaken. But there was a serious effort to identify a range of potential next steps, and also an effort to identify opportunities where international scientific organizations could make substantive contributions and offer their advice and expertise to policy discussions. The Forum's presentations, discussions, and results are summarized in this book.
Download or read book Innovation Dual Use and Security written by Jonathan B. Tucker and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-03-30 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A framework for assessing the security risks of emerging dual-use technologies and devising tailored governance strategies is proposed and applied to contemporary case studies. Recent advances in disciplines such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, and neuropharmacology entail a “dual-use dilemma” because they promise benefits for human health and welfare yet pose the risk of misuse for hostile purposes. The emerging field of synthetic genomics, for example, can produce custom DNA molecules for life-saving drugs but also makes possible the creation of deadly viral agents for biological warfare or terrorism. The challenge for policymakers is to prevent the misuse of these new technologies without forgoing their benefits. Innovation, Dual Use, and Security offers a systematic approach for managing the dual-use dilemma. The book presents a “decision framework” for assessing the security risks of emerging technologies and fashioning governance strategies to manage those risks. This framework is applied to fourteen contemporary case studies, including synthetic genomics, DNA shuffling and directed evolution, combinatorial chemistry, protein engineering, immunological modulation, and aerosol vaccines. The book also draws useful lessons from two historical cases: the development of the V-series nerve agents in Britain and the use and misuse of LSD by the U.S. Army and the CIA. Innovation, Dual Use, and Security offers a comprehensive, multifaceted introduction to the challenges of governing dual-use technologies in an era of rapid innovation. The book will be of interest to government officials and other practitioners as well as to students and scholars in security studies, science and technology studies, biology, and chemistry.
Download or read book An International Perspective on Advancing Technologies and Strategies for Managing Dual Use Risks written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-12-08 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of a study of current and future research in the life sciences that contains applications relevant to development of agents of biological origin 5 to 10 years into the future, an NRC/IOM committee held an international workshop in 2004 to examine advancing technologies from a global point of view. Experts from different fields and from around the world presented their diverse outlooks on these technologies and forces that drive technological progress; local and regional capacities for life sciences research, development, and application (both beneficial and nefarious); national perceptions of the dual-use risk of advancing technologies; and strategic measures that have been taken or could be taken to manage the use of technology for malevolent purposes. This report summarizes the formal and informal discussions held at the workshop.
Download or read book Advances in Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Implications for the Development of New Biological Warfare Agents written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1996 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Biosecurity written by Peter Katona and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-01-21 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores a range of biohealth and biosecurity threats, places them in context, and offers responses and solutions from global and local, networked and pyramidal, as well as specialized and interdisciplinary perspectives. Specifically covering bioterrorism, emerging infectious diseases, pandemic disease preparedness and remediation, agroterroism, food safety, and environmental issues, the contributors demonstrate that to counter terrorism of any kind, a global, networked, and multidisciplinary approach is essential. To be successful in biosecurity, this book argues it is necessary to extend partnerships, cooperation, and co-ordination between public health, clinical medicine, private business, law enforcement and other agencies locally, nationally and internationally. Internationally, a clear understanding is needed of what has happened in past epidemics and what was accomplished in past bioprograms (in Britain, South Africa, Russia, for example). This book also assesses how, with the right technology and motivation, both a state and a non-state actor could initiate an extremely credible biothreat to security at both local and national levels. This book will be of much interest to students, researchers and practitioners of security studies, public health, public policy and IR in general. Peter Katona is Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA in Infectious Diseases. He is co-founder of Biological Threat Mitigation, a bioterror consulting firm. John P. Sullivan is a lieutenant with the Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department. He is also a researcher focusing on terrorism, conflict disaster, intelligence studies, and urban operations. He is co-founder of the Los Angeles Terrorism Early Warning (TEW) Group. Michael D. Intriligator is Professor of Economics at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He is also Professor of Political Science, Professor of Public Policy in the School of Public Policy and Social Research, and Co-Director of the Jacob Marschak Interdisciplinary Colloquium on Mathematics in the Behavioral Sciences, all at UCLA.
Download or read book Biological Threats In The 21st Century The Politics People Science And Historical Roots written by Filippa Lentzos and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Threats in the 21st Century offers a fresh understanding of contemporary biological threats to national security. Readers are introduced to the politics, people, science and historical roots of contemporary biological threats through up-to-date, rigorous and accessible chapters written by leading academics and supplemented by expert point-of-view contributions and interviews.The book provides inspiration and resources for students and researchers, as well as policy makers in government, the public policy sector and the wider community. It is particularly pertinent for those interested in biological disarmament, non-proliferation, counterterrorism and health security.
Download or read book Insecurity and Emerging Biotechnology written by Brett Edwards and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-05 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how emergent trends in innovation and its governance are raising new and old questions about how to control technology. It develops a new framework for understanding how emergent fields of science and technology emerge as security concerns; and the key challenges these fields pose from a global security perspective. The study focuses on the politics which have surrounded the emergent field of Synthetic Biology, a field which has become emblematic of both the potentials and limits of more preemptive approaches to governance. This highly accessible work will be of interest to both scholars and practitioners working on the ethical responsibilities of innovators and the assessment of emergent technology as well as the global governance of weapons.
