Download or read book Biotechnology IPRs and Biodiversity written by Medury Bhaskara Rao and published by Pearson Education India. This book was released on 2007 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Biotechnology, IPRs and Biodiversity" discusses the background of the signing of the Convention on Biodiversity, examines the various articles of CBD, and provides a detailed analysis on the Cartagena Protocol on Biodiversity while also dealing with the various meetings, discussions and treaties on the subject. Leading to a better understanding on this complex and complicated issue, especially from a developing country's point of view, this volume will serve, equally, students and scholars of international business, law, strategic management as well as lawyers, policy analysts and NGOs.
Download or read book Intellectual Property Rights Trade and Biodiversity written by Graham Dutfield and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2000 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines the international agreements governing trade in genetic resources - crucial resources for world agriculture, food security and large industries such as pharmaceuticals. Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) in these resources are critical for those involved in the trade, including industry and developing countries. The book analyzes the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), World Trade Organization agreements and other agreements. It explains how they can be integrated into an equitable training regime.
Download or read book The Role of Intellectual Property Rights in Biotechnology Transfer Under the Convention on Biological Diversity written by William H. Lesser and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Emerging Consequences of Biotechnology written by Krishna R. Dronamraju and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The commercialization of biotechnology has resulted in a search for biological resources for the purposes of increasing food productivity, medicinal applications, and energy production. This book discusses the role of biological, ecological, environmental, ethical, and economic issues in the interaction between biotechnology and biodiversity.
Download or read book Biodiversity and the Law written by Charles R. McManis and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2012 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do we promote global economic development, while simultaneously preserving local biological and cultural diversity? This authoritative volume, written by leading legal experts and biological and social scientists from around the world, addresses this question in all of its complexity. The first part of the book focuses on biodiversity and examines what we are losing, why and what is to be done. The second part addresses biotechnology and looks at whether it is part of the solution or part of the problem, or perhaps both. The third section examines traditional knowledge, explains what it is and how, if at all, it should be protected. The fourth and final part looks at ethnobotany and bioprospecting and offers practical lessons from the vast and diverse experiences of the contributors.
Download or read book Biotechnology IPRs and Biodiversity written by Medury Bhaskara Rao and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnology, IPRs and Biodiversity discusses the background of the signing of the Convention on Biodiversity, examines the various articles of CBD, and provides a detailed analysis on the Cartagena Protocol on Biodiversity while also dealing with the various meetings, discussions and treaties on the subject. Leading to a better understanding on this complex and complicated issue, especially from a developing country's point of view, this volume will serve, equally, students and scholars of international business, law, strategic management as well as lawyers, policy analysts and NGOs.
Download or read book Biodiversity to Biotechnology written by Aravind Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An invaluable book with a central focus on articles which extensively look at Intellectual Property Rights in the domain of traditional knowledge. Dispensing in-depth studies and advances made in biotechnology, this book enriches the reader's understanding of indigenous knowledge in IPR system, biodiversity conservation and biotechnology transfer.
Download or read book Intellectual Property Biogenetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge written by Graham Dutfield and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-23 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biogenetic resources - the critical biological and chemical materials that underpin so much of medicine, both modern and traditional, agriculture, and wider economic activity in so many fields - are at the centre of heated debate regarding their use, development, and ownership, and the issues of ethics and equity that impinge on all of these factors. This book is a comprehensive examination of the key issues, institutions and ideologies in this area, presenting definitions and explanations of the fundamentals of intellectual property rights (IPRs), biogenetic resources and traditional knowledge. It uses the insights from this to build a picture of how these factors interact in practice, bringing to the surface issues such as: the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, benefit sharing from the commercial use of biodiversity, biotechnological innovation and the transfer of technology, agriculture, food security, rural development, health and international justice. Part 1 describes the relevant international IPR laws, highlights the extent to which modern commerce depends on such resources, and traces the way in which modern IPR law has evolved to accommodate this dependence. Part 2 shows how stronger IPR protection in the area of life science innovation has given rise to controversies such as 'biopiracy', 'terminator' genes and genetic uniformity. Part 3 focuses on traditional knowledge, its nature, its importance, and the applicability of IPR-style protection. Part 4 covers the international negotiation and policy-making of the WTO, WIPO and CBD and the legislative initiatives of national governments of Asia, Africa and Latin America. Finally, Part 5 focuses on two developing country case studies - of India and Kenya - assessing whether they will be able to gain economic benefit from development of their natural resources within the current regulatory system and whether this will encourage the conservation and sustainable use of the resource base. With its multidisciplinary approach and breadth of coverage, this book will appeal both to those new to the subject and to those with professional and specialist interest, including students, academics, legal practitioners, government policy-makers and the private sector.
Download or read book Monocultures of the Mind written by Vandana Shiva and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 1993-02 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vandana Shiva has established herself as a leading independent thinker and voice for the South in that critically important nexus where questions of development strategy, the environment and the posititon of women in society coincide. In this new volume, she brings together her thinking on the protection of biodiversity, the implications of biotechnology, and the consequences for agriculture of the global pre-eminence of Western-style scientific knowledge. In lucid and accessible fashion, she examines the current threats to the planet's biodiversity and the environmental and human consequences of its erosion and replacement by monocultural production. She shows how the new Biodiversity Convention has been gravely undermined by a mixture of diplomatic dilution during the process of negotiation and Northern hi-tech interests making money out of the new biotechnologies. She explains what these technologies involve and gives examples of their impact in practice. She questions their claims to improving natural species for the good of all and highlights the ethical and environmental problems posed. Underlying her arguments is the view that the North's particular approach to scientific understanding has led to a system of monoculture in agriculture - a model that is not being foisted on the South, displacing its societies' ecologically sounder, indigenous and age-old experiences of truly sustainable food cultivation, forest management and animal husbandry. This rapidly accelerating process of technology and system transfer is impoverishing huge numbers of people, disrupting the social systems that provide them with security and dignity, and will ultimately result in a sterile planet in both North and South, In a policy intervention of potentially great significance, she calls instead for a halt, at international as well as local level, to the aid and market incentives to both large-scale destruction of habitats where biodiversity thrives and the introduction of centralised, homogenous systems of cultivation.
Download or read book Intellectual Property Rights Biotechnology and the Protection of Biodiversity written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Linkages between intellectual property, biotechnology, and the conservation of biological diversity rose to prominence in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Three simultaneous international negotiation processes all impacted on this rise: the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Agreement (TRIPS), and the negotiations on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture in the Food & Agriculture Organization and the International Union for the Protection of Plant Varieties. This report reviews the literature on the interrelationship of the three elements of intellectual property, biotechnology, and biodiversity conservation as reflected in those international processes. The introductory material includes discussion of the meaning of biodiversity and its role in modern life, the development of biodiversity issues prior to 1992, and underlying concepts of biodiversity, biotechnology, and intellectual property rights (IPR). Part 3 reviews the three international agreements impacting on the IPR/biotechnology/biodiversity link, discussing such issues as IPR and indigenous peoples, access to plant genetic resources, and patenting of life forms. Part 4 reviews approaches to valuation of the biotechnology/biodiversity linkage, including economic and non-economic aspects. The final part discusses some alternative models for developing biodiversity, biotechnology, and intellectual property linkages such as bio-prospecting contracts, models for protecting and rewarding indigenous and traditional knowledge, and international biodiversity funds. Appendices include an international code of conduct for plant germplasm collecting and transfer and a draft contract for biodiversity prospecting.
Download or read book Intellectual Property Rights Biotechnology and the Protection of Biodiversity written by Howard Mann and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Linkages between intellectual property, biotechnology, and the conservation of biological diversity rose to prominence in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Three simultaneous international negotiation processes all impacted on this rise: the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Agreement (TRIPS), and the negotiations on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture in the Food & Agriculture Organization and the International Union for the Protection of Plant Varieties. This report reviews the literature on the interrelationship of the three elements of intellectual property, biotechnology, and biodiversity conservation as reflected in those international processes. The introductory material includes discussion of the meaning of biodiversity and its role in modern life, the development of biodiversity issues prior to 1992, and underlying concepts of biodiversity, biotechnology, and intellectual property rights (IPR). Part 3 reviews the three international agreements impacting on the IPR/biotechnology/biodiversity link, discussing such issues as IPR and indigenous peoples, access to plant genetic resources, and patenting of life forms. Part 4 reviews approaches to valuation of the biotechnology/biodiversity linkage, including economic and non-economic aspects. The final part discusses some alternative models for developing biodiversity, biotechnology, and intellectual property linkages such as bio-prospecting contracts, models for protecting and rewarding indigenous and traditional knowledge, and international biodiversity funds. Appendices include an international code of conduct for plant germplasm collecting and transfer and a draft contract for biodiversity prospecting.
Download or read book Intellectual Property Rights and the Life Science Industries written by Graham Dutfield and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the history of the international patent regime and the life science industries, both of which can be traced back to the late 19th century. The development of patent law is inextricably linked to expanding capacities to elucidate, manipulate and commercially exploit the molecular properties of micro-organisms, plants, animals and other organic raw materials. The story of the life science industries begins with the European synthetic dyestuff firms and culminates in present-day conglomerates like Aventis, Novartis and Pharmacia. Throughout the last century, chemical, pharmaceutical, seed and biotechnology firms were actively involved in reforming patent law and plant variety rights. The major beneficiaries have been the largest firms whose market dominance and influence over peoples' lives - aided by friendly intellectual property laws - has never been greater. This sparkling and stimulating book reveals the key repercussions caused by the expansion of life science industries for issues of international equity, public health, food security and biological diversity.
Download or read book Biodiversity Biotechnology and Traditional Knowledge written by Aravind Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consulting a broad collection of well-researched articles, Kumar augments the reader's understanding of medicinal plants and their therapeutic use in health care and healing in addition to the role of IPRs in the protection of Intellectual Capital.
Download or read book Intellectual Property Rights and Biodiversity Conservation written by Timothy M. Swanson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a detailed analysis of the economic and scientific rationales for biodiversity conservation.
Download or read book Intellectual Property Biotechnology and Trade written by Rohini Acharya and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intellectual Property and Biodiversity written by Michelangelo Temmerman and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2011-12-12 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnology is at the heart of heated debates about ethics, safety, economic development, and about the control over the biological materials and technologies used. The latter, grossly called biodiversity issues relating to the application of intellectual property, has been the subject of a wealth of literature. Yet, the situation of animal genetic resources specifically has only marginally been addressed so far. Many books and articles address ‘biotechnology and agriculture’, but have only plants and seeds in mind. Case-law and specific regulation is equally scarce. Exacerbated by the so-called ‘erosion of animal genetic resources’, climate change, the globalization of the market-place, and a strong concentration of markets, animal genetic resources however demand specific analysis and adjustments in intellectual property law. The decoupling of rights over animal genetic resources as an abstract concept, from those over the concrete animals is a fact today. The application of patents in this context became a full-fledged part of the management of animal genetic resources. This monograph analyzes against this background the impact of the patent system on ownership traditions in agriculture, on animal welfare, and on biodiversity. It looks at how those factors in turn are likely to affect the shape of patent law, and how they should affect it. The author hereby focuses on important specific issues arising, including the following: the underlying elements deciding on the shape of regulation – innovation, economic development, agriculture, human rights, animal welfare, the conservation of resources, and equal trading conditions; the continuing applicability of trademarks, geographical indications, copyright, and trade secrets; patentability rules and exclusions; the extension of patent rights over progeny; the meaning of ‘essentially biotechnological processes’; the legal definitions of ‘morality’ and ‘ordre public’ in the context of animal welfare; and the future of international patent law in the context of global governance theories. With detailed investigation of how three major jurisdictions – the European Union, the United States, and Canada – have regulated the matter, the book highlights unresolved issues in the laws dealing with animal genetic resources. How do the usual principles of patent law affect ownership over animals in agriculture? To what extent is patent law in accordance with neighbouring fields of regulation, with relation to animal welfare? How can intellectual property be used to alter, stimulate, or tackle developments in the realm of the conservation and promotion of biodiversity? Questions like these are asked, checked upon the more technical country studies; and then used to put to test the adequacy of international patent regulation in a final chapter. As a deeply informed overview of the arguments and discussion points, this is the only book of its kind. It links general discussions to the often technical and complicated patent regulations, in the specific context of animal genetic resources. It is sure to bring lawyers in the field closer to the policy debates; and decision makers closer to the precise idiosyncrasies of patent law.
Download or read book Biological and Social Issues in Biotechnology Sharing written by Krishna R. Dronamraju and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-24 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1998, this was the first book to present a comprehensive summary of both the global as well as institutional issues which are involved in biotechnology sharing. It covers the controversial subject of intellectual property rights (IPR) and the patenting of new discoveries in genetic knowledge in both agriculture and the human genome. One controversial issue is the creation of public and private DNA sequencing data bases. Of special interest is the sharing of biotechnology between the developed (rich) and developing (poor) nations. A related topic which requires immediate attention is the exploitation of biodiversity in the developing countries and the resulting extinction of rare species. Sharing or transferring biotechnology and its applications between institutions or different countries raises numerous ethical and moral dilemmas. A comprehensive summary of these issues is presented in this book.
