Download or read book Bioscience at the Physical Science Frontier written by Claudio Nicolini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since early Greek and Roman times, atoms were assumed-after un dergoing their various interactions-to take on the stable configurations of either the living or the inanimate world. This simple and unitary theory has evolved markedly, even while maintaining its validity over several centuries of vicissitudes, and in essence constitutes the first ex ample of a synthesis between the physical and the life sciences. In modern times, a similar relationship between the structure of various macromolecules and the function of living cells has also emerged as one of the most striking findings of those scientists active at the con vergence of the physical and life sciences. This fundamental result is re ported in the first two sections of the present work, namely those on "Oncogenes and Cancer" and "Lower-to-Higher-Order DNA Struc ture," in many cases by those recent Nobelists who themselves have been major contributors to work at the intersection of these fields. Many other significant areas of forefront scientific inquiry today (for example, research on the brain and vision), as well as some of the most exciting technological developments (e.g., work on renewable fuels and materials, biotechnology, and NMR and X-ray tomography) and method ological advances (e.g., studies in the fields of statistical mechanics and cancer chemotherapy) depend on the complex but harmonious collabora tions of physicists, chemists, mathematicians, engineers, biologists, and physicians.
Download or read book Bioscience at the Physical Science Frontier written by Claudio Nicolini and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 1987-06-08 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since early Greek and Roman times, atoms were assumed-after un dergoing their various interactions-to take on the stable configurations of either the living or the inanimate world. This simple and unitary theory has evolved markedly, even while maintaining its validity over several centuries of vicissitudes, and in essence constitutes the first ex ample of a synthesis between the physical and the life sciences. In modern times, a similar relationship between the structure of various macromolecules and the function of living cells has also emerged as one of the most striking findings of those scientists active at the con vergence of the physical and life sciences. This fundamental result is re ported in the first two sections of the present work, namely those on "Oncogenes and Cancer" and "Lower-to-Higher-Order DNA Struc ture," in many cases by those recent Nobelists who themselves have been major contributors to work at the intersection of these fields. Many other significant areas of forefront scientific inquiry today (for example, research on the brain and vision), as well as some of the most exciting technological developments (e.g., work on renewable fuels and materials, biotechnology, and NMR and X-ray tomography) and method ological advances (e.g., studies in the fields of statistical mechanics and cancer chemotherapy) depend on the complex but harmonious collabora tions of physicists, chemists, mathematicians, engineers, biologists, and physicians.
Download or read book Research at the Intersection of the Physical and Life Sciences written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-03-25 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, the natural sciences have been divided into two branches: the biological sciences and the physical sciences. Today, an increasing number of scientists are addressing problems lying at the intersection of the two. These problems are most often biological in nature, but examining them through the lens of the physical sciences can yield exciting results and opportunities. For example, one area producing effective cross-discipline research opportunities centers on the dynamics of systems. Equilibrium, multistability, and stochastic behavior-concepts familiar to physicists and chemists-are now being used to tackle issues associated with living systems such as adaptation, feedback, and emergent behavior. Research at the Intersection of the Physical and Life Sciences discusses how some of the most important scientific and societal challenges can be addressed, at least in part, by collaborative research that lies at the intersection of traditional disciplines, including biology, chemistry, and physics. This book describes how some of the mysteries of the biological world are being addressed using tools and techniques developed in the physical sciences, and identifies five areas of potentially transformative research. Work in these areas would have significant impact in both research and society at large by expanding our understanding of the physical world and by revealing new opportunities for advancing public health, technology, and stewardship of the environment. This book recommends several ways to accelerate such cross-discipline research. Many of these recommendations are directed toward those administering the faculties and resources of our great research institutions-and the stewards of our research funders, making this book an excellent resource for academic and research institutions, scientists, universities, and federal and private funding agencies.
Download or read book A Positron Named Priscilla written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Positron Named Priscilla is a book of wonder, offering a fascinating, readable overview of cutting-edge investigations by many of today's leading young scientists. Written for anyone who loves science, this volume reports on some of the most exciting recent discoveries and advances in fields from astronomy to molecular biology. This new book is from one of the world's most prestigious scientific institutions, the National Academy of Sciences. The Academy provides an annual forum for the brightest young investigators to exchange ideas across disciplinesâ€"an exchange that was the spark for A Positron Named Priscilla. Each chapter is authored by a popular science writer who offers helpful historical perspectives, clear and well-illustrated explanations of current scientific thinking, and previews of future developments. The scope of topics and breadth of discussion ensure interest at all levels. Topics include: Planetary science and the compelling glimpse through the clouded atmosphere of Venus afforded by the spacecraft Magellan. Astrophysics and the emergence of helioseismology, a new field that allows researchers to probe the interior workings of the sun. Biology and what we have learned about DNA in the 40 years since its discovery; our current understanding of protein molecules, the "building blocks" of living systems; and the high-tech search for answers to the AIDS epidemic. Physics and our new-found ability to move and manipulate individual atoms on a surface. The book also tells the remarkable story of "buckyballs," or buckminsterfullerenes, a form of carbon discovered only a few years ago, that have the potential to be used in a variety of important applications, from superconductivity to nanotechnology. Mathematics and the rise of "wavelet" theory, and how mathematicians are applying it in sometimes startling ways, from assisting the FBI with fingerprint storage to coaxing the secrets from a battered recording of Brahms playing the piano. Geosciences and the search for "clocks in the earth" to make life-saving earthquake predictions. A Positron Named Priscilla is a "must" read for anyone who wants to keep up with a broad range of scientific endeavor.
Download or read book Molecular Bioelectronics written by Nicolini Claudio and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-03-29 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular bioelectronics is a field in strong evolution at the frontier of life and materials sciences. The term is utilized in a broad context to emphasize a unique blend of electronics and biotechnology which is seen as the best way to achieve many objectives of industrial and scientific relevance, including biomolecular engineering, bioelectronic devices, materials and sensors capable of optimal hardware efficiency and intelligence and molecular miniaturization. Contents: IntroductionActive BioelementsTechnologiesBioelectronic MaterialsBioelectronic SensorsBioelectronic Molecular DevicesProtein AutomataConclusionReferences Readership: Students and scientists in bioelectronics and materials science.
Download or read book INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE on FRONTIERS of ENVIRONMENT ENERGY and BIOSCIENCE written by Dawei Zheng and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We cordially invite you to attend 2013 International Conference on Frontiers of Environment, Energy and Bioscience (ICFEEB 2013), which will be held in Beijing, China during October 24–25, 2013. The main objective of ICFEEB 2013 is to provide a platform for researchers, engineers, academicians as well as industrial professionals from all over the world to present their research results and development activities in Environment, Energy and Bioscience. This conference provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations and to find global partners for future collaboration. ICFEEB 2013 received over 400 submissions which were all reviewed by at least two reviewers. As a result of our highly selective review process four hundred papers have been retained for inclusion in the ICFEEB 2013 proceedings, less than 40% of the submitted papers. The program of ICFEEB 2013 consists of invited sessions, and technical workshops and discussions covering a wide range of topics. This rich program provides all attendees with the opportunities to meet and interact with one another. We hope your experience is a fruitful and long lasting one. With your support and participation, the conference will continue its success for a long time. The conference is supported by many universities and research institutes. Many professors play an important role in the successful holding of the conference, so we would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere gratitude and highest respects to them. They have worked very hard in reviewing papers and making valuable suggestions for the authors to improve their work. We also would like to express our gratitude to the external reviewers, for providing extra help in the review process, and to the authors for contributing their research result to the conference. Special thanks go to our publisher DEStech Publications. At the same time, we also express our sincere thanks for the understanding and support of every author. Owing to time constraints, imperfection is inevitable, and any constructive criticism is welcome. We hope you will have a technically rewarding experience, and use this occasion to meet old friends and make many new ones. Do not miss the opportunity to explore in Beijing, China. And do not forget to take a sample of the many and diverse attractions in the rest of the China. We wish all attendees an enjoyable scientific gathering in Beijing, China. We look forward to seeing all of you next year at the conference. The Conference Organizing Committees October 24–25, 2013 Beijing, China
Download or read book Physical Theory in Biology written by Charles J Lumsden and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1997-04-19 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the physics of life and why does it matter? The essays in this book probe this question, celebrating modern biology's vibrant dialog with theoretical physics — a scientific adventure in which biological understanding is enriched by physical theory without losing its own inherent traditions and perspectives. The book explores organic complexity and self-organization through research applications to embryology, cell biology, behavioral neuroscience, and evolution. The essays will excite the interest of physics students in thinking about biology's “grand challenges”, in part by means of self-contained introductions to theoretical computer science, symmetry methods in bifurcation theory, and evolutionary games. Seasoned investigators in both the physical and life sciences will also find challenging ideas and applications presented in this volume. This is a Print On Demand title. We no longer stock the original but will recreate a copy for you. While all efforts are made to ensure that quality is the same as the original, there may be differences in some areas of the design and packaging. Contents:Foundations:Emergence in Physics and Biology (L E H Trainor)Holism and Reduction (C J Lumsden)Complexity: A Pluralistic Approach (W A M Brandts)Dynamics, Complexity and Computation (P A Dufort & C J Lumsden)Development: Field Approaches to Pattern Formation:Vector Field Models of Morphogenesis (W A M Brandts & J Totafurno)Symmetry Breaking Bifurcations (T M Hart & L E H Trainor)Development: Principles of Self-Organization:Generic Dynamics of Morphogenesis (B Goodwin)Toward a Model of Growth and Form in Living Systems (F Cummings)Living Organization, the Coherence of Organisms and the Morphogenetic Field (M W Ho et al.)Is Spatial Pattern Formation Homologous in Unicellular and Multicellular Organisms? (J Frankel)Cellular and Organismic Biology:Statistical Mechanics of the Main Phase Transition in Lipid Bilayers (F P Jones & P Tevlin)Multi-Neuron Interactions in Neural Network Models of Associative Memory (A E Busch & L E H Trainor)Network Hierarchies in Neural Organization, Development and Pathology (J P Sutton)Category Switching — A Neural Network Approach (L E H Trainor et al.)Evolution:A Model of Molecular Evolution Based on the Statistical Analysis of Nucleotide Sequences (L Luo)Codon Space: Exploring the Origins and Development of the Genetic Code (L E H Trainor et al.)Evolution of Development: The Shuffling of Ancient Modules by Ubiquitous Bureaucracies (E W Larsen)Game Theory in Biology (G W A Rowe) Readership: Physicial scientists, biologists, engineers, applied mathematicians and philosophers. keywords:Holism and Reductionism;Complexity;Symmetry;Emergent Property;Patterns;Neural Interactions;Statistical Models;Game Theory;Biology;Morphogenesis;Morphogens;Pattern Formation;Development;Epithelia Folding;Biological Modeling;Complexity;Physical Theory;Biological Regulation;Pattern Formation;Nonlinear Dynamics;Evolution;Developmental Field;Neural Networks;Collective Behavior;Genetic Code;Emergence;Reductionism;Holism;Self-Organization;Bifurcation Theory;Morphogenetic Field;Regeneration;Phase Transitions in Bilayers;Task Switching;Nucleotide Sequences;Molecular Evolution “The important issue here is not what physics theory has done for biology (which is not very much), but what it can do in the future, and to this end the book does a marvellous job of defining the arena.” Nature “… the scope of the articles is broad … The book should be of interest to scientists coming from biological, physical and mathematical sciences.”Bulletin for Mathematical Biology
Download or read book Vision Facts written by Jason Yang and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2018-07-16 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vision Facts is a question and answer guide to the wonders of the human eye, its complex structures and the process of visual perception. It traces the journey of vision from a ray of light entering the eye to the processing done by the brain, to the development and aging of the human visual system and common disorders associated with both processes. Organized in an intuitive question-and-answer format and accompanied by clear diagrams, Vision Facts provides answers regarding your vision in a manner accessible to all who are interested. Each topic includes references to external resources such as lecture notes and research papers for those who wish to delve deeper. It is a perfect handbook for anyone who is interested in visual science, sensory processing, neuroscience, or physiology; and is an excellent reference for anyone considering a career in ophthalmology or optometry. Some examples of the questions include the following. What is the resolution of the eye? Why do astronomers often cover flashlights with a red filter while stargazing? What is color-blindness and how does it occur? What role does vision play in the circadian rhythm? What chemical signals cause the eye to develop into its mature form? How does alcohol during pregnancy affect eye development? How well can a newborn baby see? How does being born prematurely affect vision? What is 20/20 vision? How does aging affect vision? These are all questions that are addressed in Vision Facts, along with countless more.
Download or read book Physical Principles of Biomembranes and Cells written by Kazuo Ohki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how biologically available free energy sources (ATP, chemical potential, and membrane potentials, among others) can be used to drive synthetic reactions, signaling in cells, and various types of motion such as membrane traffic, active transport, and cell locomotion. As such, it approaches the concept of the energy cycle of life on Earth from a physical point of view, covering topics ranging from an introduction to chemical evolution, to an examination of the catalytic activity of enzymes associated with the genome in Darwinian evolution. The author introduces the relationship between functions and physical properties in biomembranes, explaining the methods and equipment used in biophysics research to help researchers unravel the still-unsolved mysteries of life. The physical principles needed to understand the cellular functions are provided; these functions are associated with biomembranes and regulated by physical properties of the lipid bilayer such as membrane fluidity, phase transition, and phase separation, as shown in lipid rafts. Other key dynamic aspects of life (cell locomotion, cytoskeletal dynamics, and sensitivities of the cell to physical stimuli such as external forces and temperature) are also discussed. Lastly, readers will learn how life on Earth and its ecological system are maintained by solar energy, and be provided further information on the problems accompanying global warming.
Download or read book Application of Infrared Thermography in Sports Science written by Jose Ignacio Priego Quesada and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-29 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the application of infrared thermography in sports, examining the main benefits of this non-invasive, non-radiating and low-cost technique. Aspects covered include the detection of injuries in sports medicine, the assessment of sports performance due to the existing link between physical fitness and thermoregulation and the analysis of heat transfer for sports garments and sports equipment. Although infrared thermography is broadly considered to be a fast and easy-to-use tool, the ability to deliver accurate and repeatable measurements is an important consideration. Furthermore, it is important to be familiar with the latest sports studies published on this technique to understand its potential and limitations. Accordingly, this book establishes a vital link between laboratory tests and the sports field.
Download or read book The Changing Frontier written by Adam B. Jaffe and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1945, Vannevar Bush, founder of Raytheon and one-time engineering dean at MIT, delivered a report to the president of the United States that argued for the importance of public support for science, and the importance of science for the future of the nation. The report, Science: The Endless Frontier, set America on a path toward strong and well-funded institutions of science, creating an intellectual architecture that still defines scientific endeavor today. In The Changing Frontier, Adam B. Jaffe and Benjamin Jones bring together a group of prominent scholars to consider the changes in science and innovation in the ensuing decades. The contributors take on such topics as changes in the organization of scientific research, the geography of innovation, modes of entrepreneurship, and the structure of research institutions and linkages between science and innovation. An important analysis of where science stands today, The Changing Frontier will be invaluable to practitioners and policy makers alike.
Download or read book Government Research Directory written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NASA Strategic Plan written by United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Frontiers of Engineering written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-29 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume highlights the papers presented at the National Academy of Engineering's 2012 U.S. Frontiers of Engineering Symposium. Every year, the symposium brings together 100 outstanding young leaders in engineering to share their cutting-edge research and technical work. The 2012 symposium was held September 13-15, and hosted by General Motors at the GM Technical Center in Warren, Michigan. Speakers were asked to prepare extended summaries of their presentations, which are reprinted here. The intent of this book is to convey the excitement of this unique meeting and to highlight cutting-edge developments in engineering research and technical work.
Download or read book Guide to Programs written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biomechanics of the Brain written by Karol Miller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-08 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition presents an authoritative account of the current state of brain biomechanics research for engineers, scientists and medical professionals. Since the first edition in 2011, this topic has unquestionably entered into the mainstream of biomechanical research. The book brings together leading scientists in the diverse fields of anatomy, neuroimaging, image-guided neurosurgery, brain injury, solid and fluid mechanics, mathematical modelling and computer simulation to paint an inclusive picture of the rapidly evolving field. Covering topics from brain anatomy and imaging to sophisticated methods of modeling brain injury and neurosurgery (including the most recent applications of biomechanics to treat epilepsy), to the cutting edge methods in analyzing cerebrospinal fluid and blood flow, this book is the comprehensive reference in the field. Experienced researchers as well as students will find this book useful.
Download or read book Cellular Imaging written by Eric Hanssen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-30 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights important techniques for cellular imaging and covers the basics and applications of electron tomography and related techniques. In addition, it considers practical aspects and broadens the technological focus by incorporating techniques that are only now becoming accessible (e.g. block face imaging). The first part of the book describes the electron microscopy 3D technique available to scientists around the world, allowing them to characterize organelles, cells and tissues. The major emphasis is on new technologies like scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography, though the book also reviews some of the more proven technologies like electron tomography. In turn, the second part is dedicated to the reconstruction of data sets, signal improvement and interpretation
