Download or read book Biomarkers from Multi tracer and Multi modal Neuroimaging in Age related Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Ping Wu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-09-12 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Multimodal and Longitudinal Bioimaging Methods for Characterizing the Progressive Course of Dementia written by Javier Ramírez and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-08-12 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Imaging and Multiomic Biomarker Applications written by Yongxia Zhou and published by Nova Medicine & Health. This book was released on 2021-01-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The well-known Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) Center provides the most advanced, comprehensive, multiparametric and up-to-date biomarkers for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early Alzheimer's disease (AD) projects, including neuroimaging, clinical assessments, biospecimens and genetic data. Recent developments in imaging techniques, including new molecular tracers for imaging disease burden and systematic multi-modal integration, have emerged to overcome the limitations of each single modality and individual-dependent variability. The MRI-based high-resolution structural and morphological changes in the brain, such as atrophy, and the abnormal activity/connectivity patterns of the hippocampus subfields and default mode network (DMN) modulation, together with the amyloid and tau neuropathological quantification using PET molecular tracers, could be used to predict brain changes and cognitive performance declines in early AD, including transitional MCI. Finally, a generalized and integrative model with multiple biomarkers could be built to target disease progression and symptom prediction as well as to optimize patient management.Multiomics investigates metabolomic, lipidomic, genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic perspectives by presenting an accurate biochemical profile of the organism in health and disease. The Alzheimer's Disease Metabolomics Consortium (ADMC) in partnership with ADNI is creating a comprehensive biochemical database for patients in the ADNI1 cohort, consisting of eight metabolomics datasets. The vast majorities of biospecimen data provide rich biological information to the human brain at normal and dementia status. One of the purposes is to reveal the connections between disease and multiomics such as obesity, hypertension, cholesterol imbalance and inflammation risks that might lead to neurodegenerative disease. Multiomic biomarker developments in the dementia field have provided earlier clues to novel treatments that help correct metabolic dysfunction and delay disease progression. Furthermore, the assembling of multiomics-based biomarkers including metabolites and lipids, cholesterol biosynthesis, purine metabolism, lipoprotein, bile acids, and genetics as well as their relation to the pathological amyloid and tau network could improve disease diagnosis sensitivity and reveal more diverse and complementary molecular pathways to allow for the advancement of early AD diagnosis and therapeutic prevention. In this book, we report on the significant differences of multiple biomarkers from the ADNI database including neuroimaging, clinical assessments and multiomic biospecimen/genetic data in MCI and early probable AD (pAD), and elucidate the interconnections among different metrics at various domains. Classification results with high accuracies (0.95-1) for each early dementia subtype including early MCI (EMCI), late MCI (LMCI) and pAD, and better prediction of clinical symptoms is achieved with these comprehensive biomarkers. Further longitudinal changes of imaging and neuropsychological biomarkers, and inter-correlations with baseline parameters are examined for a better illustration of disease progression association. Additionally, an analysis of the post-traumatic stress disorder biomarkers is performed with high classification accuracy. With illustrative and rigorous data analyses and confirmative results, this book provides readers with a full spectrum of biomarker research for early dementia diagnosis and treatment, and helps convey the technical development and data evaluation perspectives in advanced medical imaging and various disease application fields.

Download or read book Multi scale and Multimodal Imaging Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Alzheimer s Disease written by Kilian Hett and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia leading to a neurodegenerative process and causing mental dysfunctions. According to the world health organization, the number of patients having AD will double in 20 years. Neuroimaging studies performed on AD patients revealed that structural brain alterations are advanced when the diagnosis is established. Indeed, the clinical symptoms of AD are preceded by brain changes. This stresses the need to develop new biomarkers to detect the first stages of the disease. The development of such biomarkers can make easier the design of clinical trials and therefore accelerate the development of new therapies. Over the past decades, the improvement of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has led to the development of new imaging biomarkers. Such biomarkers demonstrated their relevance for computer-aided diagnosis but have shown limited performances for AD prognosis. Recently, advanced biomarkers were proposed toimprove computer-aided prognosis. Among them, patch-based grading methods demonstrated competitive results to detect subtle modifications at the earliest stages of AD. Such methods have shown their ability to predict AD several years before the conversion to dementia. For these reasons, we have had a particular interest in patch-based grading methods. First, we studied patch-based grading methods for different anatomical scales (i.e., whole brain, hippocampus, and hippocampal subfields). We adapted patch-based grading method to different MRI modalities (i.e., anatomical MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI) and developed an adaptive fusion scheme. Then, we showed that patch comparisons are improved with the use of multi-directional derivative features. Finally, we proposed a new method based on a graph modeling that enables to combine information from inter-subjects' similarities and intra-subjects' variability. The conducted experiments demonstrate that our proposed method enable an improvement of AD detection and prediction.

Download or read book Neuroimaging in Dementia written by Frederik Barkhof and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-11 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date, superbly illustrated book is a practical guide to the effective use of neuroimaging in the patient with cognitive decline. It sets out the key clinical and imaging features of the various causes of dementia and directs the reader from clinical presentation to neuroimaging and on to an accurate diagnosis whenever possible. After an introductory chapter on the clinical background, the available "toolbox" of structural and functional neuroimaging techniques is reviewed in detail, including CT, MRI and advanced MR techniques, SPECT and PET, and image analysis methods. The imaging findings in normal ageing are then discussed, followed by a series of chapters that carefully present and analyze the key findings in patients with dementias. Throughout, a practical approach is adopted, geared specifically to the needs of clinicians (neurologists, radiologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians) working in the field of dementia, for whom this book will prove an invaluable resource.

Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Shamim I. Ahmad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editor of this volume, having research interests in the field of ROS production and the damage to cellular systems, has identified a number of enzymes showing ·OH scavenging activities details of which are anticipated to be published in the near future as confirmatory experiments are awaited. It is hoped that the information presented in this book on NDs will stimulate both expert and novice researchers in the field with excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to future research goals. Clinicians, nurses as well as families and caregivers should also benefit from the material presented in handling and treating their specialised cases. Also the insights gained should be valuable for further understanding of the diseases at molecular levels and should lead to development of new biomarkers, novel diagnostic tools and more effective therapeutic drugs to treat the clinical problems raised by these devastating diseases.

Download or read book Multi modality Inference Methods for Neuroimaging with Applications to Alzheimer s Disease Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An emphasis in ongoing Alzheimer's disease (AD) research is identifying those biomarkers which best predict future cognitive decline at the various stages of disease progression. These biomarkers can then serve as early markers for diagnosis, and for selection of subjects into clinical trials. Recent results suggest that the identification of such discriminative biomarkers is possible by adapting machine learning methods for this problem: but studies have primarily used modalities in isolation so far. The sensitivity/specificity offered by these methods is unsatisfactory for more clinically relevant questions: which Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) patients will convert to AD? Answering such questions requires new methods that leverage all data sources (e.g., imaging modalities, CSF measures) in conjunction. This thesis focuses on how data from multiple biomarkers should be optimally aggregated to best predict future cognitive decline, and how these models can improve clinical trials for AD. Significant improvements in sensitivity and specificity for discriminating AD, MCI, and healthy controls at the level of individual subjects are possible by making use of multiple modalities (together with longitudinal data) simultaneously. Further, these methods significantly improve sample size estimates in clinical trials, and help derive customized outcomes for evaluating new treatment procedures. This dissertaion presents new algorithms for a) introducing inductive biases into existing machine learning methods which are designed to fully capture and exploit the structure of the image data; b) combining various imaging modalities into a single predictive model via constructions based on robust loss functions, and quadratic regularizers based on modality-modality interactions; c) using the above frameworks to derive sensitive custom measures of disease progressiong from medical neuroimaging data for use in clinical trials. We present extensive empirical evaluations and theoretical evidence that illustrate how tailor-made machine learning algorithms can transform neuroimaging analysis and clinical trials.

Download or read book Understanding Emerging Biomarkers and Lifestyle Factors in Aging and Alzheimer Disease written by Stephanie Ann Schultz and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Age-related cognitive decline and pathological brain changes are a widespread and growing public health issue. Several environmental factors, including engagement in physical activity and personality, have been shown to have potential protective effects in slowing cognitive decline and preserving healthy brain aging. However, the underlying mechanisms providing exercise- or personality-induced resilience to aging and disease remains largely unknown. Importantly, there has been an emergence of several novel biomarkers to study healthy brain aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases including in vivo assessments of tau burden and brain metabolism via positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and neurofilament light chain (NfL), a marker of neurodegeneration, via Age-related cognitive decline and pathological brain changes are a widespread and growing public health issue. Several environmental factors, including engagement in physical activity and personality, have been shown to have potential protective effects in slowing cognitive decline and preserving healthy brain aging. However, the underlying mechanisms providing exercise- or personality-induced resilience to aging and disease remains largely unknown. Importantly, there has been an emergence of several novel biomarkers to study healthy brain aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases including in vivo assessments of tau burden and brain metabolism via positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and neurofilament light chain (NfL), a marker of neurodegeneration, via blood-based biomarkers. During the first part of my thesis research, I examined these emerging biomarkers within healthy aging and AD cohorts at Washington University, in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers, and Lifestyle (AIBL) cohort, and in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN) observational study (Chapters 2 - 5). For the second part of my thesis research, I first used my new knowledge and experience with these biomarkers to characterize and determine the influence of physical activity on cerebral glucose metabolism (Chapter 6). Next, to better translate these findings to an exercise intervention in the future, I further completed a pilot study to determine feasibility and validity of performing a submaximal exercise protocol in a diverse US population (Chapter 7). For the third part of my thesis research, I discovered a cross-sectional association between personality traits and neurofibrillary tangle pathology. Taken together, the results from my thesis suggest utility in all three emerging biomarkers examined (tau-PET, blood-based NfL, and multi-tracer brain metabolism PET) for monitoring and understanding complex changes associated with brain aging and disease. Additionally, this thesis research adds to the current understanding of the potential role of increased physical activity in preservation of glycolytic metabolism in the aging brain and increased risk of AD-related tau pathophysiology in neurotic personality traits. Further research extending these findings to longitudinal studies are needed to help determine directionality of the observed effects.

Download or read book Molecular Biomarkers in the Prediction Diagnosis and Prognosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Yuzhen Xu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-06 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Deciphering the biomarkers of Alzheimer s disease written by Yu Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-11 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cerebral Small Vessel Disease written by Leonardo Pantoni and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-05 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up-to-date discussion of the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this common cause of stroke and cognitive impairment.

Download or read book Imaging in Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Luca Saba and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text summarizes the latest developments in imaging techniques and other new diagnostic methods as applied to the neurodegenerative disorders.

Download or read book Diffusion MRI written by Derek K Jones and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-11-11 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Derek Jones, a world authority on diffusion MRI, has assembled most of the world's leading scientists and clinicians developing and applying diffusion MRI to produce an authorship list that reads like a "Who's Who" of the field and an essential resource for those working with diffusion MRI. Destined to be a modern classic, this definitive and richly illustrated work covers all aspects of diffusion MRI from basic theory to clinical application. Oxford Clinical Neuroscience is a comprehensive, cross-searchable collection of resources offering quick and easy access to eleven of Oxford University Press's prestigious neuroscience texts. Joining Oxford Medicine Online these resources offer students, specialists and clinical researchers the best quality content in an easy-to-access format.

Download or read book Magnetoencephalography written by Selma Supek and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 999 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is an invaluable functional brain imaging technique that provides direct, real-time monitoring of neuronal activity necessary for gaining insight into dynamic cortical networks. Our intentions with this book are to cover the richness and transdisciplinary nature of the MEG field, make it more accessible to newcomers and experienced researchers and to stimulate growth in the MEG area. The book presents a comprehensive overview of MEG basics and the latest developments in methodological, empirical and clinical research, directed toward master and doctoral students, as well as researchers. There are three levels of contributions: 1) tutorials on instrumentation, measurements, modeling, and experimental design; 2) topical reviews providing extensive coverage of relevant research topics; and 3) short contributions on open, challenging issues, future developments and novel applications. The topics range from neuromagnetic measurements, signal processing and source localization techniques to dynamic functional networks underlying perception and cognition in both health and disease. Topical reviews cover, among others: development on SQUID-based and novel sensors, multi-modal integration (low field MRI and MEG; EEG and fMRI), Bayesian approaches to multi-modal integration, direct neuronal imaging, novel noise reduction methods, source-space functional analysis, decoding of brain states, dynamic brain connectivity, sensory-motor integration, MEG studies on perception and cognition, thalamocortical oscillations, fetal and neonatal MEG, pediatric MEG studies, cognitive development, clinical applications of MEG in epilepsy, pre-surgical mapping, stroke, schizophrenia, stuttering, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, autism, aging and neurodegeneration, MEG applications in cognitive neuropharmacology and an overview of the major open-source analysis tools.

Download or read book Diseases of the Brain Head and Neck Spine 2020 2023 written by Juerg Hodler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book offers an essential overview of brain, head and neck, and spine imaging. Over the last few years, there have been considerable advances in this area, driven by both clinical and technological developments. Written by leading international experts and teachers, the chapters are disease-oriented and cover all relevant imaging modalities, with a focus on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. The book also includes a synopsis of pediatric imaging. IDKD books are rewritten (not merely updated) every four years, which means they offer a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in imaging. The book is clearly structured and features learning objectives, abstracts, subheadings, tables and take-home points, supported by design elements to help readers navigate the text. It will particularly appeal to general radiologists, radiology residents, and interventional radiologists who want to update their diagnostic expertise, as well as clinicians from other specialties who are interested in imaging for their patient care.

Download or read book Hybrid PET MR Neuroimaging written by Ana M. Franceschi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a reference and comprehensive guide for PET/MR neuroimaging. The field of PET/MR is rapidly evolving, however, there is no standard resource summarizing the vast information and its potential applications. This book will guide neurological molecular imaging applications in both clinical practice and the research setting. Experts from multiple disciplines, including radiologists, researchers, and physicists, have collaborated to bring their knowledge and expertise together. Sections begin by covering general considerations, including public health and economic implications, the physics of PET/MR systems, an overview of hot lab and cyclotron, and radiotracers used in neurologic PET/MRI. There is then coverage of each major disease/systemic category, including dementia and neurodegenerative disease, epilepsy localization, brain tumors, inflammatory and infectious CNS disorders, head and neck imaging, as well as vascular hybrid imaging. Together, we have created a thorough, concise and up-to-date textbook in a unique, user-friendly format. This is an ideal guide for neuroradiologists, nuclear medicine specialists, medical physicists, clinical trainees and researchers.

Download or read book Cerebrovascular Pathology in Alzheimer s Disease written by Jack C. De La Torre and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease is examined from the less-usual vantage point of the dysfunctional cerebrovasculature on amyloid formation, loss of neuronal homeostasis, synaptic changes, metabolic compromise, and cognitive decline. The book explores whether the cerebrovascular changes precede or follow clinical onset of the disease and the extent to which the pathological changes found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease are related to cerebral blood flow, perfusion, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction.