Download or read book Biomarkers and Occupational Health written by Mary Janet Normandy and published by Joseph Henry Press. This book was released on 1995-01-16 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomarkers have emerged as an exciting tool in disease prevention, particularly in the workplace. They may be used to document workers' exposure to toxins, signal the onset of health effects, or identify individuals with susceptibility to certain environmental threats. But the uncertainty is as great as the potential. Are biomarkers suitable for widespread use? How can they be deployed in diverse contexts? How can biological information about workers be handled fairly and ethically? Biomarkers and Occupational Health describes the state of biomarker development, including the implications of the Human Genome program, and presents a range of viewpoints on the future of biomarkers from the leaders in the field. This book explores the three basic types of biomarkers (markers of exposure, markers of health effects, and markers of susceptibility to disease) from a variety of perspectives. It examines what can be learned from well-known exposure sitesâ€"Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chernobyl, and the Hanford nuclear site in the United States, for exampleâ€"and a wide range of human cases and animal studies. The book also explores the costs and ramifications of developing a large-scale program to monitor potentially exposed workers (e.g., at a cleanup site). A framework is offered for the use of biomarkers based on the mandate to "change the environment before you change the worker." The book explores how to identify ethical issues, how to set development priorities, and how to integrate biomarkers into an occupational health and safety program. The authors present the latest technical findings about markers for chronic beryllium disease as well as markers for exposure to carcinogens, radiation, and chroniumâ€"including prospects for detecting long-past exposures. Biomarkers and Occupational Health offers an update on biomarker development and explores a wide scope of issues. This book will be important to occupational health professionals, biomedical researchers, toxicologists, epidemiologists, and labor and management officials involved in worker health issues. Moritmer L. Mendelsohn, M.D., Ph.D., is Vice-Chairman of the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) in Japan, which studies the long-term health effects of the atomic blasts in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and he is former Associate Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. John P. Peeters, Ph.D., is a geneticist who is currently directing a division of the Office of Occupational Medicine for the United States Department of Energy. Mary Janet Normandy, Ph.D., is a toxicologist who specializes in the metabolism of xenobiotics in mammalian systems. She is currently a member of the Department of Energy's Office of Occupational Medicine.
Download or read book Biomarkers and Occupational Health Progress and Perspectives written by ML Mendelsohn (Ed) and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biomarkers and Occupational Health Progress and Perspectives written by ML Mendelsohn (Ed) and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biosocial Surveys written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-01-06 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biosocial Surveys analyzes the latest research on the increasing number of multipurpose household surveys that collect biological data along with the more familiar interviewerâ€"respondent information. This book serves as a follow-up to the 2003 volume, Cells and Surveys: Should Biological Measures Be Included in Social Science Research? and asks these questions: What have the social sciences, especially demography, learned from those efforts and the greater interdisciplinary communication that has resulted from them? Which biological or genetic information has proven most useful to researchers? How can better models be developed to help integrate biological and social science information in ways that can broaden scientific understanding? This volume contains a collection of 17 papers by distinguished experts in demography, biology, economics, epidemiology, and survey methodology. It is an invaluable sourcebook for social and behavioral science researchers who are working with biosocial data.
Download or read book Biomarkers of Exposure Effect and Susceptibility to Environmental and Occupational Chemicals written by Manosij Ghosh and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-12-21 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Saliva as a Diagnostic Fluid written by Daniel Malamud and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reports on recent advances in detecting drugs, hormones, antibodies, and other molecules of diagnostic importance; research has been going on in such fields as dentistry, clinical chemistry, and steroid hormones, but the researchers have not been talking to each across the disciplinary back fence. A
Download or read book Biomarkers and Occupational Health written by Mary Janet Normandy and published by Joseph Henry Press. This book was released on 1995-02-16 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomarkers have emerged as an exciting tool in disease prevention, particularly in the workplace. They may be used to document workers' exposure to toxins, signal the onset of health effects, or identify individuals with susceptibility to certain environmental threats. But the uncertainty is as great as the potential. Are biomarkers suitable for widespread use? How can they be deployed in diverse contexts? How can biological information about workers be handled fairly and ethically? Biomarkers and Occupational Health describes the state of biomarker development, including the implications of the Human Genome program, and presents a range of viewpoints on the future of biomarkers from the leaders in the field. This book explores the three basic types of biomarkers (markers of exposure, markers of health effects, and markers of susceptibility to disease) from a variety of perspectives. It examines what can be learned from well-known exposure sitesâ€"Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chernobyl, and the Hanford nuclear site in the United States, for exampleâ€"and a wide range of human cases and animal studies. The book also explores the costs and ramifications of developing a large-scale program to monitor potentially exposed workers (e.g., at a cleanup site). A framework is offered for the use of biomarkers based on the mandate to "change the environment before you change the worker." The book explores how to identify ethical issues, how to set development priorities, and how to integrate biomarkers into an occupational health and safety program. The authors present the latest technical findings about markers for chronic beryllium disease as well as markers for exposure to carcinogens, radiation, and chroniumâ€"including prospects for detecting long-past exposures. Biomarkers and Occupational Health offers an update on biomarker development and explores a wide scope of issues. This book will be important to occupational health professionals, biomedical researchers, toxicologists, epidemiologists, and labor and management officials involved in worker health issues. Moritmer L. Mendelsohn, M.D., Ph.D., is Vice-Chairman of the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) in Japan, which studies the long-term health effects of the atomic blasts in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and he is former Associate Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. John P. Peeters, Ph.D., is a geneticist who is currently directing a division of the Office of Occupational Medicine for the United States Department of Energy. Mary Janet Normandy, Ph.D., is a toxicologist who specializes in the metabolism of xenobiotics in mammalian systems. She is currently a member of the Department of Energy's Office of Occupational Medicine.
Download or read book Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-10-30 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomonitoring—a method for measuring amounts of toxic chemicals in human tissues—is a valuable tool for studying potentially harmful environmental chemicals. Biomonitoring data have been used to confirm exposures to chemicals and validate public health policies. For example, population biomonitoring data showing high blood lead concentrations resulted in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) regulatory reduction of lead in gasoline; biomonitoring data confirmed a resultant drop in blood lead concentrations. Despite recent advances, the science needed to understand the implications of the biomonitoring data for human health is still in its nascent stages. Use of the data also raises communication and ethical challenges. In response to a congressional request, EPA asked the National Research Council to address those challenges in an independent study. Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals provides a framework for improving the use of biomonitoring data including developing and using biomarkers (measures of exposure), research to improve the interpretation of data, ways to communicate findings to the public, and a review of ethical issues.
Download or read book Monitoring the Worker for Exposure and Disease written by Nicholas A. Ashford and published by . This book was released on 1990-10 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human monitoring as a supplement to or replacement for environmental monitoring of toxic substances in the workplace has become an increasingly important issue within the last decade, leading to Congressional hearings, governmental studies, and scientific conferences around the world. Just as the purposes for undertaking human monitoring are diverse and sometimes conflicting, so too are the concerns-- medical, legal, and ethical-- such testing has generated. The authors begin by providing precise characterizations of the types of monitoring now in use and a clear account of the legal basis for OSHA monitoring requirements. They then turn to scientific and technical concerns that have evolved around monitoring, including the frequency and timing of examinations, human variability, and the distinctions that exist between high-risk and sensitive groups. Specific legal and ethical problems of conducting monitoring tests on workers are then covered in full, including the consequences for the worker of medical removal from the workplace, the conflict between human monitoring and personal privacy, access to medical records, and the use and possible misuse of test results. The volume concludes with policy recommendations for the use of human monitoring, recommendations for the use of human monitoring, recommendations that would achieve the goal of reducing occupational disease and injury while remaining within the bounds of a supportable ethical framework. Copyright © Libri GmbH. All rights reserved.
Download or read book Cells and Surveys written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-01-19 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What can social science, and demography in particular, reasonably expect to learn from biological information? There is increasing pressure for multipurpose household surveys to collect biological data along with the more familiar interviewer-respondent information. Given that recent technical developments have made it more feasible to collect biological information in non-clinical settings, those who fund, design, and analyze survey data need to think through the rationale and potential consequences. This is a concern that transcends national boundaries. Cells and Surveys addresses issues such as which biologic/genetic data should be collected in order to be most useful to a range of social scientists and whether amassing biological data has unintended side effects. The book also takes a look at the various ethical and legal concerns that such data collection entails.
Download or read book Examining the Use of Biomarkers in Establishing the Presence and Severity of Impairments written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-15 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the overall disability determination process, the Social Security Administration uses a step-by-step approach to understand how severe an individual's condition is and whether it meets program criteria for disability. The use of various types of biomarkers has been suggested as a way to strengthen the amount and quality of objective evidence available to the review process. At the request of the Social Security Administration, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Board on Health Care Services organized a virtual workshop on July 21, 2020, titled The State of the Science of the Use of Biomarkers to Establish the Presence and Severity of Impairments. Workshop discussions focused on the current and potential uses for biomarkers; explored legal and ethical implications associated with biomarker use in clinical decision making; and considered the possible uses of nongenetic biomarkers as tools for the diagnosis or prognosis of the severity of specific physical and mental impairments. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
Download or read book Use of Biomarkers in Assessing Health and Environmental Impacts of Chemical Pollutants written by Curtis C. Travis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological markers (biomarkers) are useful tools for understanding the nature and extent of human exposure and risk from environmental toxicants. Biomarkers are classified into three basic categories: exposure, effect, or susceptibility. A marker of exposure is the product of the interaction between a target cell or molecule and a foreign substance (NAS, 1989). These markers can be used to determine the biologically effective dose necessary to elicit a particular physiological change in an organism. A marker of effect is a biochemical or physiological change in an organism that can predict the onset of adverse health effects resulting from a given exposure. Lastly, markers of susceptibility act as indicators of an inherent or acquired tendency of an organism to experience an adverse health effect (NAS, 1989). These markers are already used to detect a variety of diseases and show great promise for developing a better understanding of the mechanicisms of disease. Additionally, biomarkers can be used to establish a more rational basis for quantitative risk extrapolation between species, as weIl as to obtain more precise estimates of the time of critical exposure. These markers can also prove helpful in identifying potentially damaging exposures before the onset of adverse health effects. Biomarkers serve as a valuable exposure assessment tool because they take into account exposure from all routes and integrate exposure from all sources. They have the potential to yield better risk estimates than current monitoring and modeling protocols. In lune 1992, Dr. Travis and Dr.
Download or read book Evaluation of Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints in Chronic Disease written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-06-25 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many people naturally assume that the claims made for foods and nutritional supplements have the same degree of scientific grounding as those for medication, but that is not always the case. The IOM recommends that the FDA adopt a consistent scientific framework for biomarker evaluation in order to achieve a rigorous and transparent process.
Download or read book Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health III written by Pedro M. Arezes and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-12 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers cutting-edge research and best practices relating to occupational risk and safety management, healthcare and ergonomics. It covers strategies for different types of industry, such as construction, food, chemical and healthcare. It gives a special emphasis on challenges posed by automation, discussing solutions offered by technologies, and reporting on case studies carried out in different countries. Chapters are based on selected contributions to the 17th International Symposium on Occupational Safety and Hygiene (SHO 2021), held virtually on November 17–19, 2021, from Portugal. By reporting on different perspectives, such as the ones from managers, workers and OSH professionals, and covering timely issues, such as safety evaluation of human-robot collaboration, this book offers extensive information and a source of inspiration to OSH researchers, practitioners and organizations operating in both local and global contexts.
Download or read book Breathborne Biomarkers and the Human Volatilome written by Jonathan Beauchamp and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-06-06 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breathborne biomarkers carry information on the state of human health, and their role in aiding clinical diagnosis or in therapeutic monitoring has become increasingly important as advances in the field are made. Breathborne Biomarkers and the Human Volatilome, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive update and reworking of the 2013 book Volatile Biomarkers, by Anton Amann and David Smith. The new editing team has expanded this edition beyond volatile organic compounds to cover the broad field of breath analysis, including the many exciting developments that have occurred since the first edition was published. This thoroughly revised volume includes the latest discoveries and applications in breath research from the world's foremost scientists, and offers insights into related future developments. It is an ideal resource for researchers, scientists, and clinicians with an interest in breath analysis. Presents recent advances in the field of breath analysis Includes an extensive overview of established biomarkers, detection tools, disease targets, specific applications, data analytics, and study design Offers a broad treatise of each topic, from basic concepts to a comprehensive review of discoveries, current consensus of understanding, and prospective future developments Acts as both a primer for beginners and a reference for seasoned researchers
Download or read book Occupational Exposure to Styrene written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Monitoring of Chemical Exposure in the Workplace written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
