Download or read book Levels of Organization in the Biological Sciences written by Daniel S. Brooks and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book addresses basic and advanced questions surrounding the idea of levels or organization in the biological sciences"--
Download or read book Biological Computation written by Ehud Lamm and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-05-25 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The area of biologically inspired computing, or biological computation, involves the development of new, biologically based techniques for solving difficult computational problems. A unified overview of computer science ideas inspired by biology, Biological Computation presents the most fundamental and significant concepts in this area. In the book
Download or read book Biological Emergences written by Robert G. B. Reid and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2009-08-21 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critique of selectionism and the proposal of an alternate theory of emergent evolution that is causally sufficient for evolutionary biology. Natural selection is commonly interpreted as the fundamental mechanism of evolution. Questions about how selection theory can claim to be the all-sufficient explanation of evolution often go unanswered by today's neo-Darwinists, perhaps for fear that any criticism of the evolutionary paradigm will encourage creationists and proponents of intelligent design. In Biological Emergences, Robert Reid argues that natural selection is not the cause of evolution. He writes that the causes of variations, which he refers to as natural experiments, are independent of natural selection; indeed, he suggests, natural selection may get in the way of evolution. Reid proposes an alternative theory to explain how emergent novelties are generated and under what conditions they can overcome the resistance of natural selection. He suggests that what causes innovative variation causes evolution, and that these phenomena are environmental as well as organismal. After an extended critique of selectionism, Reid constructs an emergence theory of evolution, first examining the evidence in three causal arenas of emergent evolution: symbiosis/association, evolutionary physiology/behavior, and developmental evolution. Based on this evidence of causation, he proposes some working hypotheses, examining mechanisms and processes common to all three arenas, and arrives at a theoretical framework that accounts for generative mechanisms and emergent qualities. Without selectionism, Reid argues, evolutionary innovation can more easily be integrated into a general thesis. Finally, Reid proposes a biological synthesis of rapid emergent evolutionary phases and the prolonged, dynamically stable, non-evolutionary phases imposed by natural selection.
Download or read book Biological Series written by University of New Mexico and published by . This book was released on 1935 with total page 1114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evolutionary Causation written by Tobias Uller and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive treatment of the concept of causation in evolutionary biology that makes clear its central role in both historical and contemporary debates. Most scientific explanations are causal. This is certainly the case in evolutionary biology, which seeks to explain the diversity of life and the adaptive fit between organisms and their surroundings. The nature of causation in evolutionary biology, however, is contentious. How causation is understood shapes the structure of evolutionary theory, and historical and contemporary debates in evolutionary biology have revolved around the nature of causation. Despite its centrality, and differing views on the subject, the major conceptual issues regarding the nature of causation in evolutionary biology are rarely addressed. This volume fills the gap, bringing together biologists and philosophers to offer a comprehensive, interdisciplinary treatment of evolutionary causation. Contributors first address biological motivations for rethinking evolutionary causation, considering the ways in which development, extra-genetic inheritance, and niche construction challenge notions of cause and process in evolution, and describing how alternative representations of evolutionary causation can shed light on a range of evolutionary problems. Contributors then analyze evolutionary causation from a philosophical perspective, considering such topics as causal entanglement, the commingling of organism and environment, and the relationship between causation and information. Contributors John A. Baker, Lynn Chiu, David I. Dayan, Renée A. Duckworth, Marcus W Feldman, Susan A. Foster, Melissa A. Graham, Heikki Helanterä, Kevin N. Laland, Armin P. Moczek, John Odling-Smee, Jun Otsuka, Massimo Pigliucci, Arnaud Pocheville, Arlin Stoltzfus, Karola Stotz, Sonia E. Sultan, Christoph Thies, Tobias Uller, Denis M. Walsh, Richard A. Watson
Download or read book Electromagnetic Fields in Biological Systems written by James C. Lin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spanning static fields to terahertz waves, this volume explores the range of consequences electromagnetic fields have on the human body. Topics discussed include essential interactions and field coupling phenomena; electric field interactions in cells, focusing on ultrashort, pulsed high-intensity fields; dosimetry or coupling of ELF fields into biological systems; and the historical developments and recent trends in numerical dosimetry. It also discusses mobile communication devices and the dosimetry of RF radiation into the human body, exposure and dosimetry associated with MRI and spectroscopy, and available data on the interaction of terahertz radiation with biological tissues, cells, organelles, and molecules.
Download or read book Modelling Biological Populations in Space and Time written by Eric Renshaw and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-08-26 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume develops a unifying approach to population studies, emphasising the interplay between modelling and experimentation. Throughout, mathematicians and biologists are provided with a framework within which population dynamics can be fully explored and understood. Aspects of population dynamics covered include birth-death and logistic processes, competition and predator-prey relationships, chaos, reaction time-delays, fluctuating environments, spatial systems, velocities of spread, epidemics, and spatial branching structures. Both deterministic and stochastic models are considered. Whilst the more theoretically orientated sections will appeal to mathematical biologists, the material is presented so that readers with little mathematical expertise can bypass these without losing the main flow of the text.
Download or read book University of Toronto Biological Series written by and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nature Remade written by Luis A. Campos and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Engineering” has firmly taken root in the entangled bank of biology even as proposals to remake the living world have sent tendrils in every direction, and at every scale. Nature Remade explores these complex prospects from a resolutely historical approach, tracing cases across the decades of the long twentieth century. These essays span the many levels at which life has been engineered: molecule, cell, organism, population, ecosystem, and planet. From the cloning of agricultural crops and the artificial feeding of silkworms to biomimicry, genetic engineering, and terraforming, Nature Remade affirms the centrality of engineering in its various forms for understanding and imagining modern life. Organized around three themes—control and reproduction, knowing as making, and envisioning—the chapters in Nature Remade chart different means, scales, and consequences of intervening and reimagining nature.
Download or read book Dynamics of Biological Systems written by Michael Small and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the spontaneous rapid firing of cortical neurons to the spatial diffusion of disease epidemics, biological systems exhibit rich dynamic behaviour over a vast range of time and space scales. Unifying many of these diverse phenomena, Dynamics of Biological Systems provides the computational and mathematical platform from which to understand the underlying processes of the phenomena. Through an extensive tour of various biological systems, the text introduces computational methods for simulating spatial diffusion processes in excitable media, such as the human heart, as well as mathematical tools for dealing with systems of nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations, such as neuronal activation and disease diffusion. The mathematical models and computer simulations offer insight into the dynamics of temporal and spatial biological systems, including cardiac pacemakers, artificial electrical defibrillation, pandemics, pattern formation, flocking behaviour, the interaction of autonomous agents, and hierarchical and structured network topologies. Tools from complex systems and complex networks are also presented for dealing with real phenomenological systems. With exercises and projects in each chapter, this classroom-tested text shows students how to apply a variety of mathematical and computational techniques to model and analyze the temporal and spatial phenomena of biological systems. MATLAB® implementations of algorithms and case studies are available on the author’s website.
Download or read book Biological Invasions written by M. Williamson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some biological invasions have marked ecological and economic effects. But most fail, and most of those that succeed have small effects. This volume should be of interest to plant ecologists, plant conservationists, population biologists, agriculturalists
Download or read book Why Study Biology by the Sea written by Karl S. Matlin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For almost a century and a half, biologists have gone to the seashore to study life. The oceans contain rich biodiversity, and organisms at the intersection of sea and shore provide a plentiful sampling for research into a variety of questions at the laboratory bench: How does life develop and how does it function? How are organisms that look different related, and what role does the environment play? From the Stazione Zoologica in Naples to the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, the Amoy Station in China, or the Misaki Station in Japan, students and researchers at seaside research stations have long visited the ocean to investigate life at all stages of development and to convene discussions of biological discoveries. Exploring the history and current reasons for study by the sea, this book examines key people, institutions, research projects, organisms selected for study, and competing theories and interpretations of discoveries, and it considers different ways of understanding research, such as through research repertoires. A celebration of coastal marine research, Why Study Biology by the Sea? reveals why scientists have moved from the beach to the lab bench and back.
Download or read book Skin written by P. F. Millington and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1983-05-05 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1983 this book provides a review of the fundamentals of the biology and mechanics of human skin. The major theme is the interaction between and dependence of the integrity of skin on, cell turnover, nutrition, control mechanisms and disease. Mechanical, thermal and electrical properties are presented separately in a way that should allow the mathematically inexperienced reader to understand the principles but with sufficient detail to permit development of more advanced ideas. Discussion of environmental effects on skin includes cosmetics, solar radiation and clinical treatments. An account of methods of wound closure and of the recent attempts to find a substitute for skin completes an overview of this fascinating tissue.
Download or read book Anthropological Series written by and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Data Mining written by Jake Y. Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-09-01 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like a data-guzzling turbo engine, advanced data mining has been powering post-genome biological studies for two decades. Reflecting this growth, Biological Data Mining presents comprehensive data mining concepts, theories, and applications in current biological and medical research. Each chapter is written by a distinguished team of interdisciplin
Download or read book Geological Series written by and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
