Download or read book Biological Seed Treatment to Control Phytophthora Root Rot of Soybeans written by Gusti Sarbini and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rhizosphere Effect in Relation to Biological Control of Phytophthora Root Rot of Soybeans written by Gusti Sarbini and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Control of Phytophthora Root Rot of Soybeans by Apron and Ridomil in Ohio in 1983 written by A. F. Schmitthenner and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies in the Management of Pythium Seed and Root Rot of Soybean written by Kelsey L. Scott and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Ohio, soybean seedling damping-off and seed rot are problems routinely encountered soon after planting. Reduced tillage systems that lead to inoculum build-up combined with saturated soil conditions are ideal environments for seedling diseases, which cause large losses of soybean stand and thus yield. Prior Ohio field surveys identified multiple species of Pythium and Phytophthora that contribute to soybean seedling damping-off. Among the most common and aggressive species are Phytophthora sojae, Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum var. ultimum, and Pythium ultimum var. sporangiiferum. Fungicide seed treatment and host resistance are two management strategies that are used to minimize yield loss caused by these pathogens. Thus, the objectives of these studies were to: i) evaluate new active ingredients for efficacy in the lab and field, and ii) identify and characterize new sources of resistance towards the most common seedling pathogens. These are key strategies for the development of effective strategies for the management of soybean seedling disease. During 2014-2015, at two environments, ethaboxam seed treatments combined with metalaxyl on a susceptible cultivar significantly increased yield compared to other fungicide treatments containing metalaxyl or mefenoxam alone. Soybeans treated with ethaboxam plus metalaxyl had significantly higher plant populations when compared to the nontreated control at all four 2016 field locations, while one environment had significantly higher yield. In laboratory seed plate and greenhouse cup assays, ethaboxam plus metalaxyl in a commercial formulation provided equal or better protection against multiple species of Pythium when compared with other seed treatments that contained metalaxyl or mefenoxam only. These results indicate that ethaboxam with metalaxyl is effective at managing seed and rot root caused by the diverse species of Pythium and Phytophthora and provides another seed treatment fungicide available to producers which can be used in an integrated disease management program. The parents that were used to develop six nested association mapping (NAM) populations were previously identified as segregating for resistance towards Phytophthora sojae, Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum var. ultimum, and Pythium ultimum var. sporangiiferum. Following inoculation in a cup assay, the resistance was quantitatively inherited in each of the NAM populations towards the four seedling pathogens. In total, 33 QDRL from the six populations surpassed the genome-wide logarithm of odds (LOD) threshold and there was a large number of suggestive QDRL that surpassed the chromosomal LOD threshold. Of these 33 significant QDRL, 10 explained more than 15% of the phenotypic variation. Only four QDRL conferred resistance to more than one of the oomycete pathogens; one on chromosome 3, one on chromosome 17, and two located at separate locations on chromosome 13. This indicates that there may be multiple mechanisms for resistance to these root pathogens. Further analyses are needed to precisely map these QDRL so they may be selectively bred into highly resistant germplasm in order to manage seed and seedling damping-off. These NAM populations will serve as a rich resource for breeders to incorporate resistance into adapted soybean cultivars.

Download or read book Integrated Management of Phytophthora Stem and Root Rot of Soybean and the Effect of Soil applied Herbicides on Seedling Disease Incidence written by Vinicius Castelli Garnica and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean seedling diseases and Phytophthora stem and root rot (PSRR; caused by Phytophthora sojae) are two of the most economically important diseases in North Central U.S. Remarkable differences in disease incidence occur each year, which demonstrate that abiotic and biotic factors must interact for disease onset and development. During 2017 and 2018, field studies were conducted to (i) address the efficacy of seed treatment and genetic resistance for PSRR management on soybean population, canopy coverage (CC), and yield, and (ii) investigate potential interactions between pre-emergence (PRE) herbicides and the incidence of seedling diseases in alluvial soils in Nebraska. Despite field history, PSRR developed in only four of six environments studied. Commercial seed treatment had a positive effect on plant population density, CC, and yield in at least three environments. Compared to non-treated control, seed treatment increased emergence between 11,600 to 53,700 plants ha-1 and early-season CC between 0.7 to 1.2%. Under high disease pressure, management programs using moderately resistant cultivars improved yields when compared to moderately susceptible cultivars. By contrast, minimum yield differences were detected between Rps1k andRps1c genotypes, except in one environment. While a weak to moderate correlation was observed between CC and incidence of P. sojae symptomatic plants, a moderate to strong association was found between CC and yield. Across multiple environments, PRE herbicides chlorimuron-ethyl, metribuzin, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, and flumioxazin had no impact on seedling root rot (disease severity index; DSI) when compared to the non-treated control. Similarly, no significant differences between PRE herbicides were detected on plant population, plant height, and yield. Community composition depicting primary pathogenic genera Fusarium, Phytophthora, Pythium, and Rhizoctonia did not occur at random but rather varied across environments and DSI classes. In two of the three environments, Phytophthorastructured approximately 22% of primary pathogenic genera, whereas, Rhizoctoniarecovery was low (

Download or read book Pest Management in Soybean written by L.G. Copping and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the third in a series of volumes on major tropical and sub-tropical crops. These books aim to review the current state of the art in management of the total spectrum of pests and diseases which affect these crops in each major growing area using a multi-disciplinary approach. Soybean is economically the most important legume in the world. It is nutritious and easily digested, and is one of the richest and cheapest sources of protein. It is currently vital for the sustenance of many people and it will play an integral role in any future attempts to relieve world hunger. Soybean seed contains about 17% of oil and about 63% of meal, half of which is protein. Modern research has developed a variety of uses for soybean oil. It is processed into margarine, shortening, mayonnaise, salad creams and vegetarian cheeses. Industrially it is used in resins, plastics, paints, adhesives, fertilisers, sizing for cloth, linoleum backing, fire extinguishing materials, printing inks and a variety of other products. Soybean meal is a high-protein meat substitute and is used in the developed countries in many processed foods, including baby foods, but mainly as a feed for livestock. Soybean (Glycine max), which evolved from Glycine ussuriensis, a wild legume native to northern China, has been known and used in China since the eleventh century Be. It was introduced into Europe in the eighteenth century and into the United States in 1804 as an ornamental garden plant in Philadelphia.

Download or read book Seed Treatment Techniques for Biological Control Agents in the Control of Charcoal Rot of Soybean written by Sherry Lynn Bell and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Soybean Diseases written by Denis C. McGee and published by American Phytopathological Society. This book was released on 1992 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diseases that are seedborne and seed transmitted; Fungi; Ascochyta leaf spot; Anthracnose; Curvularia cotyledon spot; Downy mildew; Frogeye leaf spot; Phomopsis seed decay; Purple seed stain; Sclerotinia stem rot; Bacteria; Bacterial blight; Bacterial pustule; Bacterial tan spot; Bacterial wilt; Corynebacterium wilt; Wildfire; Viruses; Alfalfa mosaic; Bean pod mottle; Brazilian bud blight; Bud blight; Cowpea mild mottle; Cucumber mosaic; Peanut stunt; Peanut stripe; Soybean mild mosaic; Soybean mosaic; Soybean stunt; Tomato ringspot; Diseases that are seedborne but not seed transmitted; Fungi; Altenaria leaf spot; Botrytis stem rot; Brown spot; Brown stem rot; Charcoal rot; Drechslera blight; Fusarium pod and collar rot; Fusarium root rot; Fusarium wilt; Myrothecium leaf spot; Phyllosticta leaf spot; Phytophthora root rot; Pythium root rot; Rhizoctonia aerial blight; Rhizoctonia root rot; Stem canker; Southern blight; Storage rot; Target spot, Thielaviopsis root rot; Verticillium stem rot; Yeast spot; Bacteria; Bacillus seed decay; Chocolate spot; Viruses; Southern bean mosaic; Diseases that are not seedborne or seed transmitted; Fungi; Choanephora leaf blight; Leptosphaerulina leaf spot; Mycoleptodiscus root rot; Neocosmospora stem rot; Powdery mildew; Red crown rot; Red leaf blotch; Scab; Soybean rust; Stemphylium leaf blight; Sudden death syndrome; Bacteria; Bacterial crinkle leaf spot; Pseudomonas andropogonis leaf spot; Mycoplasmas; Bud proliferation; Machismo; Witches' broom; Viruses; Abutilion mosaic; African soybean dwarf; Azuki mosaic; bean chlorotic ringspot; Bean common mosaic; Bean yellow mosaic; Black gram mottle; Blackeye cowpea mosaic; Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic; Cowpea chlorotic mottle; Cowpea mosaic; Cowpea severe mosaic; Crinkle leaf; Indonesian soybean dwarf; Mung bean yellow mosaic; Peanut mottle; Rhyncosia mosaic; Rosette; Soybean chlorotic mottle; Soybean dwraf; Soybean severe stunt; Soybean yellow vein; Tobacco mosaic; Tomato spotted wilt.

Download or read book Effect of Fungicide Seed Treatments on Fusarium Virguliforme and Development of Sudden Death Syndrome in Soybean written by Japheth D. Weems and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sudden death syndrome (SDS) is a soilborne disease responsible for causing significant yield reductions across soybean-producing states. Recent research indicates that infection of the soybean radicle early in the season by Fusarium virguliforme (Fv), the SDS pathogen, is critical for disease development. This suggests fungicide seed treatments could be effective in limiting early infection possibly resulting in disease control. Field, greenhouse, and laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate eight fungicides in multiple seed treatment combinations for effects on Fv infection and SDS development. Seed treatments were applied to cultivars that were moderately resistant and moderately susceptible to SDS. Field studies were conducted at two locations: in 2008, the Valmeyer, IL location was naturally infested with Fv, and in 2008 and 2009 the Urbana, IL location had a natural Fv infestation and soil was augmented with sterilized grain sorghum colonized by Fv. Similarly, the greenhouse study was inoculated with sterilized, Fv infested grain sorghum to evaluate the same seed treatments on moderately resistant and moderately susceptible cultivars. The rolled-paper towel laboratory assay tested the individual fungicides in the growth chamber using a Fv macroconidial suspension to inoculate treated seed and assess effects on seed germination, plant length, lesion size, and disease severity. Fv DNA concentrations in soybean roots were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in early vegetative stage roots. Soybean roots from the field were collected at three timings for digital scanning and analysis with root analysis software to measure root disease symptoms. Roots were scanned and analyzed at the completion of the greenhouse trial. SDS foliar symptoms were rated several times throughout plant growth and the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated. Harvest data were collected for the field study. In the field, seed treatments had no effect on Fv DNA concentrations in roots. Seed treatments had very little effect on roots analyzed from the field. Most seed treatments did significantly decrease SDS foliar symptoms at the Valmeyer field study compared to the control, but no differences in foliar symptoms were observed for the Urbana field studies. Yield was unaffected by seed treatments. In the greenhouse, Fv DNA concentrations were reduced by a treatment combining mefenoxam + thiophanate-methyl + azoxystrobin + B. pumilus + prothioconazole + fludioxonil compared to the non-treated control; however, the reduction in Fv DNA did not improve root growth or decrease SDS foliar symptoms compared to the non-treated control. The Fv DNA concentrations in roots did not significantly correlate to SDS foliar symptoms in the field; however, a significant positive correlation was found in the greenhouse between Fv DNA and SDS foliar symptoms. Several seed treatments decreased lesion length and disease severity compared to the non-treated inoculated control in the rolled-towel laboratory assay, but the biological seed treatment, B. pumilus, significantly decreased seed germination and plant length while increasing lesion length and SDS severity compared to the non-treated inoculated control. In conclusion, none of the seed treatments evaluated proved to have consistent effects on Fv or SDS.

Download or read book Fungicides and Agronomic Management Practices on Soybean and Winter Wheat written by Stephen Otto Guy and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Soil applied Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor Herbicides on Soybean Seedling Disease written by Nicholas J. Arneson and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seedling disease is one the most economically important diseases of soybean in the United States. It is commonly caused by Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium spp., and Phytophthora sojae, alone, or together as a disease complex. Fungicide seed treatments continue to provide the most consistent management of seedling diseases. Soil-applied protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor herbicides are used preemergence in soybean production to manage several broadleaf weeds. Applications of PPO-inhibitors can result in phytotoxic injury to soybean when environmental conditions are not favorable for soybean growth. These environmental conditions can favor seedling disease development as well. In this thesis, two studies were conducted to determine the effect of soil-applied PPO-inhibitors on soybean seedling disease development in Nebraska under field and controlled conditions. The first study assessed the effect of two PPO-inhibitors and a fungicide seed treatment on seedling disease and yield in 9 soybean fields in Nebraska. PPO-inhibitor injury occurred at 7 of 9 locations with inconsistent effects on seedling disease, where increases in root rot severity of 6.6-28.1% were observed at 5 of 9 locations, decreases of 4.7-10.9% at two locations, and no effect at three locations. None of these effects impacted yield at any of the locations. Fungicide seed treatment did not reduce root rot severity at any location; however, it increased yield at two locations. The second study investigated the effect of PPO-inhibitors on seedling disease caused by Fusarium solani under controlled conditions. Disease pressure was consistent throughout this study, with root rot severities ranging 32.1-38.9%. PPO-inhibitor injury occurred in all experiments with severities ranging 7.0-33.0%. Sulfentrazone alone increased root rot severity 9-12%. There was an effect of PPO-inhibitors on seedling disease development, although results were inconsistent, indicating a need for further research. PPO-inhibitors should continue to be used in part of an integrated weed management program and fungicide seed treatments should be used in fields that have a history of seedling disease.

Download or read book Biological Control of Soybean Root Rot Caused by Thielaviopsis Basicola Berk Br Ferr written by Michael Abdi Zakaria and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pathogens of Soybean Seeds written by Andrew Kalinski and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999-06 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Legumes Research written by Jose C. Jimenez-Lopez and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-10-12 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of updated studies related to current improvements in legume traits and their agricultural benefits. It discusses the physiological functions, genetics, and genomics of legume crops. Chapters address such topics as genetics and biological insights of seed traits in the context of climate change, improving quality and yields of legume seeds, new genetic resources from diverse germplasms, and agricultural benefits of legumes in agroecosystems.

Download or read book Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide written by Donald C. Erwin and published by American Phytopathological Society. This book was released on 1996 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume features a wide range of effective techniques for identifying, diagnosing, and controlling Phytophthora diseases. It also offers the most complete treatment of Phytophthora available, including descriptions of all species in the genus.

Download or read book Trichoderma written by Mohammad Manjur Shah and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-09-04 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trichoderma is a genus of fungi that are present in all soils, where they are the most prevalent culturable fungi. They are also the most successful biofungicides used in today's agriculture. These green-colored fungi are well known for their antifungal and plant-growth-stimulating effects. This book provides comprehensive information on Trichoderma and its use in medical, agricultural and industrial applications. Section I focuses mainly on identification of Trichoderma species, and Section II is concerned with Trichoderma as a biological control agent. Chapters in these sections cover topics ranging from taxonomic status and biodiversity to biochemical analysis and bio-control application.

Download or read book Bioformulations for Sustainable Agriculture written by Naveen Kumar Arora and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-06 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than a century has passed since the first bioformulations were introduced to the market. But there is still much to be done, explored and developed. Though bioformulations offer green alternatives and are important for sustainable agriculture, they make up only a small fraction of the total additions used to enhance crop yields or protect them from pests. There is a great need to develop bioformulations that can promote confidence among end users; accordingly, it is imperative that bioformulations to replace chemicals be reliable and overcome the shortcomings of the past. Bioformulations: for Sustainable Agriculture discusses all the issues related to the current limitations and future development of bioformulations. It examines in detail those bioformulations that include biofertilizers and biopesticides (also commonly known as bioinoculants), presenting a global picture of their development. Further chapters address diverse microbes that are already being or could be used as bioformulations. The book also discusses the techniques, tools and other additions required to establish bioformulations as trustworthy and global solutions. It assesses the types of bioformulations currently available on the market, while also considering the future roles of bioformulations, including the reclamation of marginal and polluted soils. Further, it discusses the current legislation and much-needed amendments. Overall the book provides a comprehensive outlook on the status quo of bioformulations and the future approaches needed to improve them and achieve sustainable agriculture and food security without sacrificing the quality of soils. This will be extremely important in offering chemical-free foods and a better future for generations to come.