Download or read book Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds and Climate Change written by Federico Brilli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-28 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds and Climate Change highlights the relationship between climate change and biogenic VOC and the impact they have on each other. Topics include the synthesis and emission of VOC in plants, how they respond to environmental stresses, how sustainable agricultural practices plants can be used to directly impact climate change beyond carbon sequestration, a review of biogenic VOCs as air pollutants, and the impact of biogenic VOC on clouds. This groundbreaking work is essential for anyone in climate change, global warming and cooling, atmospheric chemistry, clouds, fate and transport of chemicals in the atmosphere, air pollution, sustainability or agriculture. Explains how volatile organic compound (VOC) production and emission in plants can ameliorate the consequences of climate change induced abiotic and biotic stresses Comprehensively addresses the complex interactions between global warming, atmospheric composition and plant ecology beyond carbon sequestration Reviews the use of biogenic VOC in sustainability
Download or read book Climate Change Air Pollution and Global Challenges written by Francesco Loreto and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) play a critical role in biosphere–atmosphere interactions and are key constraints of the physical and chemical properties of the atmosphere, potentially influencing the climate and the quality of air, especially in the areas exposed to in situ release or long-range transport of anthropogenically polluted air masses. Under these conditions, reactive BVOC may contribute to ozone and particle production. The very large amount of BVOC emitted by vegetation, estimated today to more than 1000Tg C annually, is dominated by methanol and isoprenoids, released predominantly by forest species. Such a high rate of emission implies a large metabolic cost and hence likely indicates very important plant functional roles for these compounds. BVOC can be emitted by plants constitutively, or the emission may be induced in response to biotic and abiotic factors. Both constitutive and induced isoprenoids often act as defensive compounds and are crucial for plant protection in stressful environments. The importance of volatile isoprenoids as protecting molecules has been widely discussed. However, based on the use of genetically modified plants and novel technologies that allow detection of BVOC oxidation products, the idea is emerging that especially volatile isoprenoids act as antioxidants in planta, whereas they contribute to the oxidation potential of the atmosphere.
Download or read book The Biogeochemical Impacts of Forests and the Implications for Climate Change Mitigation written by Catherine E. Scott and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forests and vegetation emit biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) into the atmosphere which, once oxidized, can partition into the particle phase, forming secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). This thesis reports on a unique and comprehensive analysis of the impact of BVOC emissions on atmospheric aerosols and climate. A state-of-the-art global aerosol microphysics model is used to make the first detailed assessment of the impact of BVOC emissions on aerosol microphysical properties, improving our understanding of the role of these emissions in affecting the Earth’s climate. The thesis also reports on the implications for the climate impact of forests. Accounting for the climate impacts of SOAs, taken together with the carbon cycle and surface albedo effects that have been studied in previous work, increases the total warming effect of global deforestation by roughly 20%.
Download or read book Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere written by Ralf Koppmann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every day, large quantities of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted into the atmosphere from both anthropogenic and natural sources. The formation of gaseous and particulate secondary products caused by oxidation of VOCs is one of the largest unknowns in the quantitative prediction of the earth’s climate on a regional and global scale, and on the understanding of local air quality. To be able to model and control their impact, it is essential to understand the sources of VOCs, their distribution in the atmosphere and the chemical transformations which remove these compounds from the atmosphere. In recent years techniques for the analysis of organic compounds in the atmosphere have been developed to increase the spectrum of detectable compounds and their detection limits. New methods have been introduced to increase the time resolution of those measurements and to resolve more complex mixtures of organic compounds. Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere describes the current state of knowledge of the chemistry of VOCs as well as the methods and techniques to analyse gaseous and particulate organic compounds in the atmosphere. The aim is to provide an authoritative review to address the needs of both graduate students and active researchers in the field of atmospheric chemistry research.
Download or read book The Biogeochemical Impacts of Forests and the Implications for Climate Change Mitigation written by Catherine Scott and published by . This book was released on 2014-08-31 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Volatile Organic Compounds written by Khaled Chetehouna and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) have anthropogenic and biogenic origins. At the Earth's scale, the natural sources represent a great part of the total VOCs present in the atmosphere but in industrialised regions, anthropogenic ones become the majority due to the various human activities related mainly to chemical industries (liquid fuels, solvents, thinners, detergents, degreasers, cleaners and lubricants). Almost all VOCs have effects on human health and many of them are even carcinogenic. It is also known that the VOCs can affect the central nervous system and may have mutagenic effects. Apart from human health, they also play an important role towards the environment, especially in the atmospheric pollution processes. Indeed, VOCs emissions lead to the promotion of photochemical reactions in the atmosphere (ozone formation, depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer and formation of photochemical smog). The present book gathers and presents some current research from across the world conducted by scientific experts in their fields. In seven valuable contributions, it deals with the emission and the environmental impact as well as the control of the Volatile Organic Compounds.
Download or read book Greenhouse Gas Balances of Bioenergy Systems written by Patricia Thornley and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-12-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greenhouse Gases Balance of Bioenergy Systems covers every stage of a bioenergy system, from establishment to energy delivery, presenting a comprehensive, multidisciplinary overview of all the relevant issues and environmental risks. It also provides an understanding of how these can be practically managed to deliver sustainable greenhouse gas reductions. Its expert chapter authors present readers to the methods used to determine the greenhouse gas balance of bioenergy systems, the data required and the significance of the results obtained. It also provides in-depth discussion of key issues and uncertainties, such as soil, agriculture, forestry, fuel conversion and emissions formation. Finally, international case studies examine typical GHG reduction levels for different systems and highlight best practices for bioenergy GHG mitigation. For bringing together into one volume information from several different fields that was up until now scattered throughout many different sources, this book is ideal for researchers, graduate students and professionals coming into the bioenergy field, no matter their previous background. It will be particularly useful for bioenergy researchers seeking to calculate greenhouse gas balances for systems they are studying. I will also be an important resource for policy makers and energy analysts. Uses a multidisciplinary approach to synthesize the diverse information that is required to competently execute GHG balances for bioenergy systems Presents an in-depth understanding of the science underpinning key issues and uncertainty in GHG assessments of bioenergy systems Includes case studies that examine ways to maximize the GHG reductions delivered by different bioenergy systems
Download or read book Biology Controls and Models of Tree Volatile Organic Compound Emissions written by Ülo Niinemets and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-08 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant-driven volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions play a major role in atmospheric chemistry, including ozone and photochemical smog formation in the troposphere, and they extend the atmospheric lifetime of the key greenhouse gas, methane. Furthermore, condensation of photo-oxidation products of BVOCs leads to formation of secondary organic aerosols with profound implications for the earth's solar radiation budget and climate. Trees represent the plant life form that most contributes to BVOC emissions, which gives global forests a unique role in regulating atmospheric chemistry. Written by leading experts in the field, the focus is on recent advancements in understanding the controls on plant-driven BVOC emissions, including efforts to quantitatively predict emissions using computer models, particularly on elicitation of emissions under biotic and abiotic stresses, molecular mechanisms of volatile synthesis and emission and the role of emissions in plant stress tolerance.
Download or read book Trace Gas Emissions by Plants written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many trace gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the biosphere. Although much research has been published on the photosynthetic exchanges of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapor, this book focuses on the importance of biogenic trace gases on atmosphere chemistry and ecosystem stability. Included are methane and its effect on the radiative properties of the atmosphere, hydrocarbons (isoprene and monoterpenes), and their role in the production of ozone and carbon monoxide. Also covered are sulfur and nitrogen gases, both of which can lead to ecosystem acidification. The biochemistry and physiology of production of these and other gases are investigated. Plant physiologists, ecologists, and atmospheric chemists and modelers will benefit from this book.
Download or read book Chemistry of the Climate System written by Detlev Möller and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-09-10 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is a major challenge facing the modern world. The chemistry of air and it's influence on the climate system forms the main focus of this monograph. The book presents a problem-based approach to presenting global atmospheric processes, evaluating the effects of changing air composition as well as possibilities for interference within these processes and indicates ways for solving the problem of climate change through chemistry. The new edition includes innovations and latest research results.
Download or read book The Future of the World s Climate written by Ann Henderson-Sellers and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-01-31 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The study of climate today seems to be dominated by global warming, but these predictions of climatic models must be placed in their geological, paleo-climatic, and astronomical context to create a complete picture of the Earth's future climate. The Future of the World's Climate presents that perspective with data and projections that have emerged from more technologically advanced and accurate climate modeling"--Publisher's website.
Download or read book Climate Biosphere Interactions written by Richard G. Zepp and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1994-04-27 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From monitoring the methane emissions of a rice-paddy field, to studying climate changes in relation to monsoon variations, Climate-Biosphere Interactions explores how the greenhouse effect may alter our world's agriculture and climate, and ultimately, how these changes may affect mankind.
Download or read book Biology of Floral Scent written by Natalia Dudareva and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-03-27 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As with nearly all living creatures, humans have always been attracted and intrigued by floral scents. Yet, while we have been manufacturing perfumes for at least 5000 years to serve a myriad of religious, sexual, and medicinal purposes, until very recently, the limitation of our olfactory faculty has greatly hindered our capacity to clearly and ob
Download or read book Atmospheric Sources and Sinks of Volatile Organic Compounds written by Dudley Shallcross and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change and air quality are two of the most pressing concerns in the 21st century and VOCs play a pivotal role in both spheres. Scientists across the world are becoming aware of the importance of understanding the role that VOCs play from a wide range of fields. Atmospheric Sources and Sinks of Volatile Organic Compounds is comprehensive but concise book with information that is extremely important to groups in the field of atmospheric science but also to the myriad groups that border this field, such as climate scientists, analytical scientists, health professionals, agricultural and botanical related researchers and many more. Atmospheric Sources and Sinks of Volatile Organic Compounds provides the reader with information in a form that they can adapt, such as emission factors, ways to estimate emissions as a function of appropriate variables, removal processes etc. The research also is connected to topics allied fields including land use, agriculture, measurement (analytical), and climate science. Features datasets and global maps of VOC distributions with supporting data Provides readers with information so that they can carry out 'what if' calculations, to be able to estimate the change in emissions in the future or make the information relevant to their region of the world Includes comprehensive coverage of VOCs and demonstrations of patterns in emission and removal
Download or read book Climate Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem Modeling written by Gordon Bonan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-21 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an essential introduction to modeling terrestrial ecosystems in Earth system models for graduate students and researchers.
Download or read book Atmospheric Science for Environmental Scientists written by C. Nick Hewitt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-12 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change and air quality are two of the most pressing issuesfacing Mankind. This book gives undergraduate and graduate studentsand professionals working in the science and policy of pollution,climate change and air quality a broad and up-to-date account ofour understanding of the processes that occur in the atmosphere,how these are changing as Man’s relentless use of naturalresources continues and what effects these changes are having onthe Earth’s climate and the quality of the air we breath. Written by an international team of experts, this text gives anexcellent overview of our current understanding of the state of theEarth’s atmosphere and how it is changing. It is aninvaluable resource for students, teachers and professionals. Key features: End of chapter questions Each chapter includes both basic concepts and more in-depthmaterial, allowing faculty to direct students accordingly Most up-to-date treatment of key issues such as stratosphericchemistry, urban air pollution, and climate change
Download or read book Global Climate Change Linkages written by James C. White and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1989-12-31 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a conference sponsored by the Air Resources Information Clearinghouse ARIC, a project of the Center for Environmental Information, Inc.
