Download or read book An Innovative Role of Biofiltration in Wastewater Treatment Plants WWTPs written by Maulin P. Shah and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many physico-chemical and operational factors influence the performance, treatment costs and long-term stability of biofilters for the treatment of wastewater. An Innovative Role of Biofiltration in Wastewater Treatment Plants focuses on identifying the factors that affect biofiltration, such as the hydraulic retention time of the biofiltration system, the type and characteristics of the filter and the attached biomass, explains their influence and provides guidelines on how to control these factors to optimize better operation with respect to pollutant control present in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The fundamental basis of treatment in biofilters is the action of pollutant-degrading microorganisms and consequently the book also discusses in depth about the microbial ecology of biofiltration. In addition, it explores the applications of biofiltration including the removal of emerging pollutants. Describes the microbial ecology of biofiltration Includes modeling of biofiltration Describes the designing of biofilters, start-up, and monitoring Discusses the mechanism of biofiltration Describes the controlling and operational factors of biofiltration

Download or read book Recent Progress in Slow Sand and Alternative Biofiltration Processes written by Rolf Gimbel and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2006-03-31 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Slow sand filtration is typically cited as being the first "engineered" process in drinking-water treatment. Proven modifications to the conventional slow sand filtration process, the awareness of induced biological activity in riverbank filtration systems, and the growth of oxidant-induced biological removals in more rapid-rate filters (e.g. biological activated carbon) demonstrate the renaissance of biofiltration as a treatment process that remains viable for both small, rural communities and major cities. Biofiltration is expected to become even more common in the future as efforts intensify to decrease the presence of disease-causing microorganisms and disinfection by-products in drinking water, to minimize microbial regrowth potential in distribution systems, and where operator skill levels are emphasized. Recent Progress in Slow Sand and Alternative Biofiltration Processes provides a state-of-the-art assessment on a variety of biofiltration systems from studies conducted around the world. The authors collectively represent a perspective from 23 countries and include academics, biofiltration system users, designers, and manufacturers. It provides an up-to-date perspective on the physical, chemical, biological, and operational factors affecting the performance of slow sand filtration (SSF), riverbank filtration (RBF), soil-aquifer treatment (SAT), and biological activated carbon (BAC) processes. The main themes are: comparable overviews of biofiltration systems; slow sand filtration process behavior, treatment performance and process developments; and alternative biofiltration process behaviors, treatment performances, and process developments.

Download or read book Biofiltration in Drinking Water Treatment written by Cynthia Hallé and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of drinking water treatment is to produce and deliver safe water to the consumers. To achieve these objectives water treatment plants are designed based on the concept of the multibarrier approach which combines several drinking water treatment processes in order to increase the reliability of the system. The presence of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), personal care products (PCPs) and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in drinking water sources is becoming a concern, because of chronic and indirect human exposure to contaminant mixtures at sub-therapeutic levels via drinking water consumption. Membrane filtration can be an efficient treatment process to remove microorganisms and/or trace organic contaminants from drinking water sources. However, membranes are confronted by a major limitation: membrane fouling. Fouled membranes suffer from a loss in performance either leading to a reduction in flux or a higher pressure requirement. Generally, membrane fouling increases the need for membrane maintenance measures such as backwashing and chemical cleaning which has a negative impact on the operating costs and membrane life time. Severe membrane fouling may even impact permeate quality and/or compromise membrane integrity. The aim of this study was to establish if biofiltration pretreatment without prior coagulation would be able to control membrane fouling in natural waters. The second objective investigated the removal of trace organic contaminants by individual treatment processes (i.e. biofiltration and membrane filtration). Parallel to this work, the presence and concentration of selected trace organic contaminants in Grand River (Ontario, Canada) were determined. The trace organic contaminants investigated included atrazine, carbamazepine, DEET, ibuprofen, naproxen, and nonylphenol.

Download or read book The Interaction of Food Industry and Environment written by Charis M. Galanakis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Interaction of Food Industry and Environment addresses all levels of interaction, paying particular attention to avenues for responsible operational excellence in food production and processing. Written at a scientific level, this book explores many topics relating to the food industry and environment, including environmental management systems, environmental performance evaluation, the correlation between food industry, sustainable diets and environment, environmental regulation on the profitability of sustainable water use in the food industry, lifecycle assessment, green supply chain network design and sustainability, the valorization of food processing waste via biorefineries, food-energy-environment trilemma, wastewater treatment, and much more. Readers will also find valuable information on energy production from food processing waste, packaging and food sustainability, the concept of virtual water in the food industry, water reconditioning and reuse in the food industry, and control of odors in the food industry. This book is a welcomed resource for food scientists and technologists, environmentalists, food and environmental engineers and academics. Addresses the interaction between the food industry and environment at all levels Focuses on the past decade’s advances in the field Provides a guide to optimize the current food industry’s performance Serves as a resource for anyone dealing with food and environmental science and technology Includes coverage of a variety of topics, including performance indicators, the correlation between the food industry, sustainable diets and the environment, environmental regulations, lifecycle assessments, green supply chain networks, and more

Download or read book An Innovative Role of Biofiltration in Wastewater Treatment Plants WWTPs written by Maulin P Shah and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many physico-chemical and operational factors influence the performance, treatment costs and long-term stability of biofilters for the treatment of wastewater. An Innovative Role of Biofiltration in Wastewater Treatment Plants focuses on identifying the factors that affect biofiltration, such as the hydraulic retention time of the biofiltration system, the type and characteristics of the filter and the attached biomass, explains their influence and provides guidelines on how to control these factors to optimize better operation with respect to pollutant control present in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The fundamental basis of treatment in biofilters is the action of pollutant-degrading microorganisms and consequently the book also discusses in depth about the microbial ecology of biofiltration. In addition, it explores the applications of biofiltration including the removal of emerging pollutants. Describes the microbial ecology of biofiltration Includes modeling of biofiltration Describes the designing of biofilters, start-up, and monitoring Discusses the mechanism of biofiltration Describes the controlling and operational factors of biofiltration

Download or read book Progress in Slow Sand and Alternative Biofiltration Processes written by Nobutada Nakamoto and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a state-of-the-art assessment on a variety of biofiltration water treatment systems from studies conducted around the world. The authors collectively represent a perspective from 23 countries and include academics/researchers, biofiltration system users, designers, and manufacturers. Progress in Slow Sand and Alternative Biofiltration Processes - Further Developments and Applications offers technical information and discussion to provide perspective on the biological and physical factors affecting the performance of slow sand filtration and biological filtration processes. Chapters were submitted from the 5th International Slow Sand and Alternative Biological Filtration Conference, Nagoya, Japan in June 2014. Authors: Nobutada Nakamoto, Shinshu University, Japan, Nigel Graham, Imperial College London, UK, M. Robin Collins, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA and Rolf Gimbel,Universität Duisburg, Essen, Germany.

Download or read book Ozone enhanced Biofiltration for Geosmin and MIB Removal written by Paul Westerhoff and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2005 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher description

Download or read book Microbe Mediated Remediation of Environmental Contaminants written by Ajay Kumar and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbe Mediated Remediation of Environmental Contaminants presents recent scientific progress in applying microbes for environmental management. The book explores the current existing practical applications and provides information to help readers develop new practices and applications. Edited by recognized leaders in the field, this penetrating assessment of our progress to date in deploying microorganisms to the advantage of environmental management and biotechnology will be widely welcomed by those working in soil contamination management, agriculture, environment management, soil microbiology, and waste management. The polluting effects on the world around us of soil erosion, the unwanted migration of sediments, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and the improper treatment of human and animal wastes have resulted in serious environmental and social problems around the world, problems which require us to look for solutions elsewhere than established physical and chemical technologies. Often the answer lies in hybrid applications in which microbial methods are combined with physical and chemical ones. When we remember that these highly effective microorganisms, cultured for a variety of applications, are but a tiny fraction of those to be found in the world around us, we realize the vastness of the untapped and beneficial potential of microorganisms. Explores microbial application redressing for soil and water contamination challenges Includes information on microbial synthesized nanomaterials for remediation of contaminated soils Presents a uniquely hybrid approach, combining microbial interactions with other chemical and physical methods

Download or read book Tilapia Culture written by Abdel-Fattah M. El-Sayed and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tilapia Culture, Second Edition, covers the vital issues of farmed tilapia in the world, including their biology, environmental requirements, semi-intensive culture, intensive culture systems, nutrition and feeding, reproduction, seed production and larval rearing, stress and disease, harvesting, economics, trade, marketing, the role of tilapia culture in rural development and poverty eradication, and technological innovations in, and the environmental impacts of, tilapia culture. In addition, the book highlights and presents the experiences of leading countries in tilapia culture, thus making it ideal for tilapia farmers and researchers who seek the most relevant research and information. The new second edition not only brings the most updated information within each chapter, but also delivers new content on tilapia transfers, introductions and their impacts, the use of probiotics and other additives in tilapia culture, tilapia trade, including marketing, and sustainability approaches and practices, such as management practices, ecosystem approaches to tilapia culture, and value chain analyses of tilapia farming. Presents the biology of tilapia, including taxonomy, body shapes, geographical distribution, introductions and transfers, gut morphology, and feeding habits Covers semi-intensive tilapia culture in earthen ponds, tanks, raceways, cages, recirculating systems, and aquaponics Provides the latest information on brood stock management, production of monosex tilapia, seed production, and larval rearing under different culture systems Highlights the most common infectious and non-infectious diseases affecting farmed tilapia, with a full description of disease symptoms and treatment measures Provides an in-depth exploration of tilapia economics, trade and marketing

Download or read book Performance of Biological Filters for Drinking Water Treatment and Their Use for High Pressure Membrane Biofouling Control written by Ahmed Mohamed Elsayed ElHadidy and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofiltration is a promising green drinking water treatment technology that can reduce the concentration of biodegradable organic matter (BOM) in water. Direct biofiltration or biofiltration without pretreatment (BFwp) limits the use of chemicals such as coagulants or ozone commonly employed with conventional biofiltration, making BFWP a more environmental friendly pre-treatment. BFWP was proven to be an efficient pretreatment to reduce fouling of low pressure membranes, and can also improve the biological stability of the final treated drinking water to limit bacterial regrowth in the distribution system. One major operational problem for high pressure membranes (i.e. nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes) is membrane biofouling due to biofilm growth inside the feed channel of the membrane module, resulting in higher energy requirements and more frequent membrane cleaning. BFWP can potentially be applied to reduce biofouling of nanofiltration membranes, which can reduce the energy requirements of high pressure membranes. Three pilot-scale parallel biologically active filters with different empty bed contact times, and bench-scale nanofiltration membrane fouling simulators, were designed and constructed in this study. A challenging surface water source (the Grand River in Kitchener, ON) was used as source water for the investigation. Initial work assessed the effect of biofiltration on the treated water quality and how the biofilter performance is affected by changes in water temperature. A protocol was developed to better characterize the biofilter attached biomass and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), in order to understand their possible relationship to biofilter performance. Flow cytometry was applied to measure both planktonic cell concentrations in water and also to perform assimilable organic carbon (AOC) analysis using a natural microbial inoculum. BFWP was found to be an efficient pre-treatment for the removal of large molecular weight biopolymers and AOC over a wide range of water temperatures. Lower water temperatures had a significant impact on biopolymer removal, unlike AOC which was efficiently removed at lower water temperatures, and this proved the robustness of such a pre-treatment technology. Other fractions of the natural organic matter (NOM) such as humic substances, buildings blocks and low molecular weight organics were removed to a lower extent than biopolymers or AOC. Empty bed contact time (EBCT) as a design parameter had a limited effect on the biofilter performance. Most of the observed removal for BOM and total cell count happened at the shortest EBCT of 8 minutes, and increasing the EBCT up to 24 minutes had a significant but less proportional impact on biofilter performance. Regarding biofilter attached biomass, no direct linkage was found between biofilter performance and attached biofilter biomass characteristics using any of the commonly used analytical methods such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or biofilm cell count, however, cellular ATP content was found to be indicative of biofilm activity. Biofilm EPS composition was not related to biofilter performance but it was largely affected by the water temperature. Through community level physiological profiling (CLPP) analysis it was evident that the microbial community was changing due to a drop in water temperature, however, this was a minor effect and it is likely that the overall drop in biomass activity was the main reason behind the drop in biofilter performance. Finally, BFWP was tested as a potential pre-treatment technology to control high pressure membrane biofouling, which is a major operational problem. BFWP was able to reduce the amount of available nutrients measured as AOC, reduce the presence of conditioning molecules such as large molecular weight biopolymers, and modify the microbial community of the feed water. A 16 minute EBCT biofilter was able to extend the lifetime of nanofiltration membranes by more than 200% compared to the river water without biofiltration, both at low and high water temperature conditions. The 16 minute EBCT biofilter performance was also comparable to that of a full scale conventional biofilter with prior coagulation, sedimentation and ozonation. The biofiltration pre-treatment efficiently affected the amount of biomass present in the biofouling layer and affected the biofilm microbial community as determined using CLPP analysis. The findings of this study provide the basis upon which further and larger scale testing of the BFWP as a pre-treatment for membrane applications can be done. A sound technology could include a hybrid membrane system with a high pressure membrane proceeded with a low pressure membrane. BFWP can then be used at the start of the treatment train to limit both low pressure membrane fouling at the same time limit the biofouling of the pressure membrane. This treatment train can provide a high water quality with limited footprint compared to conventional treatment trains and long service time. Monitoring of the treatment unit performance can be efficiently done using some of the proposed analytical methods presented in the study, such as AOC monitoring and flow cytometry to study microbiological water quality and biofilter biomass. Fluorescence spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography can also be used to monitor large molecular weight biopolymers, which are responsible for several operational problems in water treatment in general and specifically for membrane applications.

Download or read book Biofiltration for Air Pollution Control written by Joseph S. Devinny and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number-one environmental threat to public health, air pollution remains a pressing problem-made even more complicated by the massive quantity and diversity of air pollution sources. Biofiltration technology (using micro-organisms growing on porous media) is being recognized as one of the most advantageous means to convert pollutants to harmless products. Done properly, biofiltration works at a reasonable cost-utilizing inexpensive components, without requiring fuel or generating hazardous by-products. Firmly established in Europe, biofiltration techniques are being increasingly applied in North America: Biofiltration for Air Pollution Control offers the necessary knowledge to "do it right."

Download or read book UV visible Spectrophotometry of Water and Wastewater written by Olivier Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-04-13 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: UV-Visible Spectrophotometry of Water and Wastewater is the first book dedicated to the use of UV spectrophotometry for water and wastewater quality monitoring. Using practical examples the reader is shown how this technique can be a source of new methods of characterization and measurement. Easy and fast to run, this simple and robust analytical technique must be considered as one of the best ways to obtain a quantitative estimation of specific or aggregate parameters (eg. Nitrate, TOC), and simultaneously qualitative information on the global composition of water and its variation. * First electronic library of UV-spectra providing data readily available for researchers and users * Provides a theoretical basis for further research in the field of spectra exploitation * Contains helpful practical applications

Download or read book Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins written by Anastasia E. Hiskia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive overview of key methods for treating water tainted by cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins Toxigenic cyanobacteria are one of the main health risks associated with water resources. Consequently, the analysis, control, and removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins from water supplies is a high priority research area. This book presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art research on water treatment methods for the removal of cyanobacteria, taste and odor compounds, and cyanotoxins. Starting with an introduction to the subject, Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins offers chapters on cyanotoxins and human health, conventional physical-chemical treatment for the removal of cyanobacteria/cyanotoxins, removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins by membrane processes, biological treatment for the destruction of cyanotoxins, and conventional disinfection and/or oxidation processes. Other chapters look at advanced oxidation processes, removal/destruction of taste and odour compounds, transformation products of cyanobacterial metabolites during treatment and integrated drinking water processes. Provides a comprehensive overview of key methods for treating water tainted by cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins Bridges the gap between basic knowledge of cyanobacteria/cyanotoxins and practical management guidelines Includes integrated processes case studies and real-life examples Developed within the frame of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST)–funded CYANOCOST A must-have resource for every water treatment plant, Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins is a valuable resource for all researchers in water chemistry and engineering, environmental chemistry as well as water companies and authorities, water resource engineers and managers, environmental and public health protection organizations.

Download or read book Stormwater Biofiltration Systems written by Belinda E. Hatt and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Optimizing Filtration in Biological Filters written by Peter M. Huck and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2000 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Field Scale Evaluation of Drinking Water Biofiltration written by Amina K. Stoddart and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural organic matter (NOM) is a complex mixture of organic material ubiquitous in natural waters. NOM can affect nearly all aspects of drinking water treatment. It can exert a demand on treatment chemicals, promote regrowth in distribution systems and can form genotoxic and/or carcinogenic disinfection by-products (DBPs) when exposed to disinfectant. Biofiltration is one treatment strategy that has potential to provide additional removal of NOM following coagulation. In biofiltration, bacteria indigenous to the source water form biofilms on filter media and use organic material as an energy source. This type of biological treatment within a filter has advantages over filtration with relatively biologically inert granular media because of its potential to provide additional NOM removal through biodegradation. This thesis investigated conversion of full-scale anthracite-sand drinking water filters to biofilters through the removal of prechlorination. Results showed that filters operated in direct filtration mode could be converted in this way to reduce DBP formation in the plant effluent and distribution system without compromising water quality or filter performance. Biomass monitoring using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) showed that filter media biomass increased as a result of conversion. Further interpretation of the biomass data with a growth model demonstrated that consistency in biomass sampling within the context of the operational state of the filter or following significant process changes was critical information for long-term performance assessment. A concurrent pilot-scale investigation tested nutrient, oxidant and filter media enhancement strategies with the goal of improving NOM removal and further reducing DBP formation. Results showed that nutrient and oxidant addition could increase the filter biomass and alter the microbial community, but would not improve NOM removal or further reduce DBP formation potential. Ultimately, despite reductions in DBP formation and increases in biofilter biomass, NOM removal across the biofilters remained unchanged with conversion and enhancements, posing a challenge for process monitoring. A novel method to measure oxygen demand was optimized for use in a drinking water matrix and used to evaluate NOM removal and transformation in the biofilters.

Download or read book Algae Detection and Removal Strategies for Drinking Water Treatment Plants written by and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2004 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual for conventional water treatment plants outlines monitoring strategies for detecting the onset of algae blooms in drinking water sources as well as treatment strategies for minimizing the adverse effects of algae on unit process performance and finished water quality. The manual draws on