Download or read book Biochronological Correlations written by Jean Guex and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-10-28 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of this book is to explain how to create a synthesis of complex biostratigraphic data, and how to extract from such a syn thesis a relative time scale based exclusively on the fossil content of sedimentary rocks. Such a time scale can be used to attribute relative ages to isolated fossil-bearing samples. From a practical point of view, the method described in this book will particularly interest paleontologists and geologists who must construct zonations and establish correlations on the basis of bio stratigraphic data that are both plentiful and apparently contra dictory. It is well known that the difficulties involved in constructing bio chronologic scales are largely due to the discontinuous nature of the fossil record. We know that the relationships between the first ap pearances (or disappearances) of different fossil species are rarely constant in stratigraphic sections that are distant from each other. It if often extremely difficult to discover datums or sets of species that are useful in making significant biochronologic correlations on a large scale. The theoretical model explained here (known as the Unitary As sociation Method) provides clear solutions to most of these problems. That method is purely deterministic, as opposed to statistical and probabilistic analytical techniques producing "average" ranges. We demonstrate in Chapter 15 why most of these techniques produce results which are usually not compatible with the original biostrati graphic observations (i.e., the taxonomic contents of the studied sam ples are not reproduced in the outputs).
Download or read book Discrete Biochronological Time Scales written by Jean Guex and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-14 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of this book is to explain how to create a synthesis of complex biostratigraphic data, and how to extract from such a synthesis a relative time scale based exclusively on the fossil content of sedimentary rocks. Such a time scale can be used to attribute relative ages to isolated fossil-bearing samples. The book is composed of 10 chapters together with several appendices. It is a totally revised version of “Biochronological Correlations” published in 1991 and includes various new chapters. The book offers a solution for the theoretical problem of how fossils can be used to make reliable quantitative stratigraphic correlations in sedimentary geology. It also describes the use of highly efficient software along with several examples. The authors compare their theoretical model with 2 other relevant studies: probabilistic stratigraphy and constrained optimization (CONOP).
Download or read book Paleontological Data Analysis written by Øyvind Hammer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-03-05 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PALEONTOLOGICAL DATA ANALYSIS An up-to-date edition of the indispensable guide to analysing paleontological data Paleontology has developed in recent decades into an increasingly data-driven discipline, which brings to bear a huge variety of statistical tools. Applying statistical methods to paleontological data requires a discipline-specific understanding of which methods and parameters are the most appropriate ones, and how to account for statistical bias inherent in the fossil record. By guiding the reader to these and other fundamental questions in the statistical analysis of fossilized specimens, Paleontological Data Analysis has become the standard text for anyone with an interest in quantitative analysis of the fossil record. Now fully updated to reflect the latest statistical methods and disciplinary advances, it is an essential tool for practitioners and students alike. Readers of the second edition of Paleontological Data Analysis readers will also find: New sections on machine learning, Bayesian inference, phylogenetic comparative methods, analysis of CT data, and much more New use cases and examples using PAST, R, and Python software packages Full color illustrations throughout Paleontological Data Analysis is ideal for paleontologists, evolutionary biologists, taxonomists, and students in any of these fields.
Download or read book The Geology of Stratigraphic Sequences written by Andrew D. Miall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sequence stratigraphy represents a new paradigm in geology. The principal hypothesis is that stratigraphie successions may be subdivided into discrete sequences bounded by widespread unconformities. There are two parts to this hypothesis. First, it suggests that the driving forces which generate sequences and their bounding unconformities also generate predietable three-dimensional stratigraphies. In re cent years stratigraphie research guided by sequence models has brought about fundamental im provements in our understanding of stratigraphie processes and the controls of basin architecture. Sequence models have provided a powerful framework for mapping and numerieal modeling, enabling the science of stratigraphy to advance with rapid strides. This research has demonstrated the importance of a wide range of processes for the generation of cyclie sequences, including eustasy, tectonics, and orbital forcing of climate change. The main objective of this book is to document the sequence record and to discuss our current state of knowledge about sequence-generating processes.
Download or read book Discrete Biochronological Scales and Unitary Associations written by Jean Savary and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book South Caspian to Central Iran Basins written by Marie-Franc̦oise Brunet and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2009 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines interdisciplinary research results using structural geology, geophysics, sedimentology, stratigraphy, palaeontology, palaeomagnetism and subsidence modelling obtained through the MEBE (Middle East Basins Evolution) Programme and other groups in the South Caspian and Northern and Central Iran. A great part of the volume is devoted to Northern Iran (Alborz, Binalud and Koppeh Dagh belts), dealing mainly with the Late Palaeozoic and the Mesozoic Eras. Two papers present subsidence models of the South Caspian Basin since the Jurassic and three papers focus on Central Iran. The data and models in this compilation of papers present a detailed picture and a very comprehensive understanding of the Late Palaeozoic to Cenozoic evolution of the South Caspian and North Iran to Central Iran basins. Geodynamic evolution and sedimentation are mainly controlled by the closure of the Palaeo-Tethys due to collision of Eocimmerian blocks with south Laurasia, opening of the South Caspian Basin, and Neo-Tethys ocean closure associated with Arabia-Eurasia collision.
Download or read book The Geologic Time Scale 2012 written by Felix Gradstein and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-09-01 with total page 1175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Geologic Time Scale 2012, winner of a 2012 PROSE Award Honorable Mention for Best Multi-volume Reference in Science from the Association of American Publishers, is the framework for deciphering the history of our planet Earth. The authors have been at the forefront of chronostratigraphic research and initiatives to create an international geologic time scale for many years, and the charts in this book present the most up-to-date, international standard, as ratified by the International Commission on Stratigraphy and the International Union of Geological Sciences. This 2012 geologic time scale is an enhanced, improved and expanded version of the GTS2004, including chapters on planetary scales, the Cryogenian-Ediacaran periods/systems, a prehistory scale of human development, a survey of sequence stratigraphy, and an extensive compilation of stable-isotope chemostratigraphy. This book is an essential reference for all geoscientists, including researchers, students, and petroleum and mining professionals. The presentation is non-technical and illustrated with numerous colour charts, maps and photographs. The book also includes a detachable wall chart of the complete time scale for use as a handy reference in the office, laboratory or field. - The most detailed international geologic time scale available that contextualizes information in one single reference for quick desktop access - Gives insights in the construction, strengths, and limitations of the geological time scale that greatly enhances its function and its utility - Aids understanding by combining with the mathematical and statistical methods to scaled composites of global succession of events - Meets the needs of a range of users at various points in the workflow (researchers extracting linear time from rock records, students recognizing the geologic stage by their content)
Download or read book Peri Tethyan Platforms written by Institut français du pétrole and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 1994 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radiolarians in the Sedimentary Record written by P. De Wever and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-02-28 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiolarians in the Sedimentary Record presents the current state of knowledge on fossil radiolarians. The author discusses the record, as well as new integrated taxonomic systems at the family level. The book provides comprehensive coverage of the fossil record of these unicellular organisms. It also discusses their important role in the history of the Earth and their development of the biosphere. This text will prove indispensable for graduate students and researchers in geology, oceanography and earth sciences.
Download or read book Southern Hemisphere Paleo and Neoclimates written by Peter Smolka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate models show that climate change is not a uniform process. Areas of increased temperature are situated near areas of decreased temperature, areas with increased precipitation adjoin areas of drought. This is one of the reasons why climate change is so difficult to detect. Any parameter must be considered and tested locally or regionally and not on an average globally. This book gives an overview of current research methods and results in the different fields of climate research including modelling. In addition, it contains a hemisphere-wide stratigraphic data base with about 80000 species. All paleoclimatic data as well as a state-of-the-art atmospheric circulation model in a PC version are included. So both research and graduate teaching are supported with high-end software running on affordable computers, also in those countries that have no access to Cray super computers. Thus, this book will be of interest to all researchers and scientists in the field of climatology.
Download or read book The Geological Record of Ecological Dynamics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-01-13 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to answer important questions about ecosystems and biodiversity, scientists can look to the past geological recordâ€"which includes fossils, sediment and ice cores, and tree rings. Because of recent advances in earth scientists' ability to analyze biological and environmental information from geological data, the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Geological Survey asked a National Research Council (NRC) committee to assess the scientific opportunities provided by the geologic record and recommend how scientists can take advantage of these opportunities for the nation's benefit. The committee identified three initiatives for future research to be developed over the next decade: (1) use the geological record as a "natural laboratory" to explore changes in living things under a range of past conditions, (2) use the record to better predict the response of biological systems to climate change, and (3) use geologic information to evaluate the effects of human and non-human factors on ecosystems. The committee also offered suggestions for improving the field through better training, improved databases, and additional funding.
Download or read book Dienerian Early Triassic ammonoids from the Northern Indian Margin written by David Ware and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-01-16 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fossils and Strata is an international series of monographs and memoirs in palaeontology and biostratigraphy, owned by, and published on behalf of, The Lethaia Foundation in cooperation between the Scandinavian countries. Fossils and Strata forms part of the same structured publishing programme as the international journal Lethaia and provides a complementary outlet for more comprehensive systematic and regional monographs, including taxonomic descriptions. Fossils and Strata also offers the publication of thematic special issues comprising a series of shorter contributions.
Download or read book The Triassic Timescale written by Spencer G. Lucas and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2010 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mesozoic Era begins with the approximately 50-million-year-long Triassic Period, a major juncture in Earth history when the vast Pangaean supercontinent completed its assembly and began its fragmentation, and the global biota diversified and modern-ized after the end-Permian mass extinction, the most extensive biotic decimation of the Phanerozoic. The temporal ordering of geological and biotic events during Triassic time thus is critical to the interpretation of some unique and pivotal events in Earth his-tory. This temporal ordering is mostly based on the Triassic time-scale, which has been developed and refined for nearly two centu-ries. This book reviews the state of the art of the Triassic timescale and includes comprehensive analyses of Triassic radio-isotopic ages, magnetostratigraphy, isotope-based and cyclostratigraphic correlations and timescale -relevant marine and non-marine bio-stratigraphy.
Download or read book Neogene and Quaternary stratigraphy written by Ljupko Rundić and published by Serbian Geological Society. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Programme & abstracts - One Day Workshop: Belgrade, September 20, 2013
Download or read book SMITHIAN EARLY TRIASSIC AMMONOIDS FROM CRITTENDEN SPRINGS ELKO COUNTY NEVADA TAXONOMY BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY written by JAMES F. JENKS and published by New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. This book was released on 2018 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Late Cenozoic Yushe Basin Shanxi Province China Geology and Fossil Mammals written by Lawrence J. Flynn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-20 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on small mammal fossils from extinct Asian faunas of about 1 to 7 million years ago in North China. These played a role in the emergence of vertebrate paleontology as a modern science in that country. This second volume of the sub-series Late Cenozoic Yushe Basin, Shanxi Province, China: Geology and Fossil Mammals in the Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology book series deals with a rich microfauna fossil record; megafauna follow in subsequent volumes. This research on Yushe Basin fossils provides a view of changes in northeast Asian terrestrial faunas during the Late Neogene, and therefore is a key to the biochronology for a vast part of the continent. The faunas recovered by the multinational team working in this region represent changes in small mammal communities of the Yushe Basin, revealed on a finer time scale that has not been achieved previously. Detailed systematic studies on small mammal groups proceeded under the care of specialists are outlined in the chapters of this volume. Paleontologists, ecologists and evolutionary biologists will find this book appealing.
Download or read book Dawn of the Age of Mammals in the Northern Part of the Rocky Mountain Interior North America written by Thomas M. Bown and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 1990 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
