Download or read book Binder Rheology and Performance in Warm Mix Asphalt written by Zelalem Arega and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the introduction of warm mix asphalt (WMA) in the United States, a variety of different technologies and processes have been developed and used to achieve proper mixing and compaction at reduced temperatures compared to conventional hot mix asphalt (HMA). A better understanding of the effect of WMA additives and reduced aging on the rheology of asphalt binders is a crucial step towards the successful implementation of WMA. This report presents the findings from a study conducted to investigate the influence of chemical WMA additives and reduced short-term aging on the properties of asphalt binders, mortars, and mixtures. This report presents the details of the test methods and findings relevant to mortars and mixtures prepared using warm mix additives.

Download or read book Analysis of the Low Temperature Rheological Properties of Rubberized Warm Mix Asphalt Binders written by Hainian Wang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Warm mix asphalt (WMA) has generated a lot of interest worldwide based on the potential to realize environmental benefits related to lower production temperature and safe disposal of crumb rubber (tires). However, barriers to complete implementation of WMA technology still exist because of the lack of understanding of how different additives affect the performance of crumb rubber modified (CRM) binders. This paper investigates the effects of three WMA additives and crumb rubber concentration on the low-temperature performance of the CRM binders. The WMA additives used in this study were Sasobit, RH, and Advera, and the ambient 40 mesh tire rubber at different concentrations of 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, and 25 % by the weight of asphalt binder were applied in this paper. Burgers model was used to describe the relationship between deformation and time for rubberized WMA binder. The models parameters such as relaxation time, delay time, creep stiffness, m-value and m/S(t)-ratio were applied to evaluate the low-temperature performance of the rubberized WMA binders. Furthermore, the statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was applied to quantify the effects of different WMA additives and crumb rubber concentrations on the rubberized asphalt binders' low-temperature performance. It was found that Advera could be used to enhance the low-temperature performance by enhancing the stress relaxation, whereas RH and Sasobit did not exhibit this ability, thereby weakening the low-temperature performance of the CRM binders. The crumb rubber concentration could significantly increase the rubberized WMA binders' low-temperature performance by influencing the flexural creep stiffness of the control binders.

Download or read book Investigation of Binder Rheology and Performance Outcomes of Recycled Hot mix Asphalt Using Different Rejuvenation Agents written by Kerry Jean King and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research presented in this thesis investigated the effect of various rejuvenation agents on the performance of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) surfacing mixes containing high levels of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) material (30%). The research aimed to develop testing methodologies for evaluating the mechanical performance properties of HMA mixes and for the characterisation of extracted binder properties. The methodologies were used determine the effects of various rejuvenators on the mechanical performance properties and binder properties fundamental to the long-term performance of pavement surfaces. A testing methodology was developed to investigate the performance properties of five HMA mixes including four mixes that were rejuvenated using different rejuvenation agents and one control. The mechanical testing methodology provided a comprehensive assessment of mix properties that are fundamental to the long-term performance of recycled pavements. A methodology for the characterisation of extracted binders was developed to evaluate properties that had a significant effect on the performance of the binder and therefore the overall mix. The binder properties were compared to results obtained from mechanical performance tests to establish a relationship between binder rejuvenation and performance observations. The results obtained from mechanical testing demonstrated that the cracking resistance of recycled mixes could be significantly improved through the use of rejuvenation agents. Rejuvenation also decreased the stiffness of the mix and had a negative effect on the resistance of a mix to permanent deformation. From the characterisation of the binder, it was found that rejuvenation agents altered the rheological properties of the binder but did not have a notable effect on chemical composition. The rheological performance parameters of the binder correlated to the mix performance observed from mechanical tests. Overall this research has shown that rejuvenation agents can be utilised to enhance the performance of recycled mixes by restoring binder properties.

Download or read book Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binders Performance and Sustainability of Warm mix Asphalt Incorporating Sasobit written by Ali Jamshidi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Laboratory Characterization of Asphalt Binders Containing a Chemical Based Warm Mix Asphalt Additive written by Shivani Rani and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Different technologies, namely foamed asphalt, synthetic waxes, zeolites, and chemical additives, are used to produce warm mix asphalt (WMA). This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of using different amounts of an amine-based chemical WMA additive on the rheology, performance grade (PG), and moisture-induced damage potential of an asphalt binder (PG 58-28). Superpave specifications were used to evaluate the rheological properties and PG of the asphalt binder. Also, a mechanistic approach-based on the surface free energy (SFE) method was used to evaluate the moisture-induced damage potential of the asphalt binder combined with commonly used aggregates in an asphalt mix. It was found that the dynamic viscosity of the asphalt binder was not significantly affected after blending it with the WMA additive. It was also observed that the Superpave high-temperature PG and the rutting factor did not reduce by an increase in the WMA additive content. However, the continuous low-temperature PG of the asphalt binder decreased with an increase in the amount of WMA additive. Furthermore, it was found that the fatigue resistance increased after blending the binder with the WMA additive. The SFE results of the asphalt binder revealed that the WMA additive used in this study reduced the moisture-induced damage potential of the asphalt mixes. However, the extent of this improvement was found to largely depend on the aggregate type. The outcomes of this study are expected to help better understand the influence of amine-based chemical WMA additives on rheological and long-term performance of asphalt mix.

Download or read book Binder Characterization and Evaluation Test methods written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Warm mix Asphalt Study written by Frank Farshidi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Superpave Mix Design written by Asphalt Institute and published by . This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Warm Mix Asphalt Technologies with Respect to Binder Aging and Emissions written by Faramarz Farshidi and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) technologies have been used to modify asphalt binders, with the following objectives: to decrease production and construction temperatures, reduce fumes and emissions, increase haul distance, and improve the workability of the mix. Reduced temperatures at the plant and during laydown and compaction are hypothesized to positively impact long-term oxidative aging behavior due to less oxidation/aging and result in less emissions during production and construction due to reduced production and construction temperatures. The purpose of this investigation was to quantify these improvements with respect to long-term oxidative aging in the field and environmental benefits with respect to volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds and poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in order to confirm or deny this hypothesis. This research evaluated the potential durability of WMA and Rubberized Warm Mix Asphalt (R-WMA) binders with respect to long-term aging through characterization of field-aged binders extracted and recovered from field cores. The results were compared to the control conventional Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) and Rubberized Hot Mix Asphalt (R-HMA) samples. Binders were extracted and recovered from thirteen different test sections and a total of seven different WMA technologies were evaluated in this study. The Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) was used to evaluate the rheological properties of the binders at high temperatures with respect to rutting performance in the field. The Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) was used to characterize low temperature properties of the binder samples. A new testing procedure was developed to measure and characterize the rheological properties of the R-HMA and R-WMA binders with respect to performance-related properties in the field. The rheological results indicated that depending on the WMA technology used, the addition of WMA technologies and reduced production and compaction temperatures result in increase or decrease rutting resistance performance for WMA and R-WMA binders with respect to permanent deformation at high temperatures in the field. Both WMA and R-WMA binders studied meet the established thermal cracking criteria with respect to low temperature cracking in the field. The aging kinetics curves for WMA-treated binders are parallel to the control binders and the addition of WMA technologies including organic, chemical and mechanical foaming technologies studied in this research did not result in a different aging kinetics trend with respect to long-term aging in the field. A portable "flux" chamber was designed and fabricated to capture and directly measure emissions during paving operations. Emissions were collected in activated charcoal sorbent tubes for characterizing volatile organic compounds and semi-volatile organic compounds. XAD-2 resin tubes and filters were used to capture the gaseous phase and particulate phase of the PAH compounds, respectively. A reliable analytical method was developed to identify and quantify alkane emissions using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in the laboratory. A separate method was developed for identification and characterization of trace level PAH compounds of the asphalt fumes. The results demonstrated that the warm mix asphalt technology type, plant mixing temperature and level of compaction significantly influence the emission characteristics throughout paving operations. Moreover, the emissions kinetics indicated that the majority of the reactive organic gases are volatilized in the first hour after sampling initiation (immediately after production and before compaction). To better understand and identify any chemical composition changes of the binder due to WMA technologies, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) was used for understanding structural complexities of HMA and WMA binder molecules. Qualitative analysis of both carbon and hydrogen atoms with HMA and WMA binders showed that the molecular structures of the binders are not significantly changed by the effect of WMA technologies.

Download or read book Physical Properties of Asphalt Cement Binders written by John C. Hardin and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1995 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dozen papers from a December 1993 symposium in Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas. Among the topics are why the new proposed rheological properties of asphalt binders are required and how they compare to conventional properties, the development and use of the SHRP direct tension specification test, oxidatio

Download or read book Field Evaluation of Wisconsin Modified Binder Selection Guidelines Phase II written by Hussain Bahia and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recommendations and Guidelines for the Use of WMA Mixtures written by Zelalem Arega and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this research study was to evaluate the influence of warm mix additives on the rheology and performance characteristics of asphalt binders with emphasis on the affects of long-term aging and use of recycled asphalt binder. In order to achieve this objective the asphalt binders were first screened based on their chemical makeup. The selected asphalt binders were combined with different warm mix asphalt additives and evaluated for their mechanical properties. Subsets of these binders were also used to evaluate the affect of long-term aging and the affect of using recycled asphalt binder on performance characteristics. Tests were also conducted using a limited number of sand-asphalt mortars and full asphalt mixtures to further corroborate the findings from the binder study.

Download or read book 8th RILEM International Symposium on Testing and Characterization of Sustainable and Innovative Bituminous Materials written by Francesco Canestrari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents the results of RILEM TC 237-SIB (Testing and characterization of sustainable innovative bituminous materials and systems). The papers have been selected for publication after a rigorous peer review process and will be an invaluable source to outline and clarify the main directions of present and future research and standardization for bituminous materials and pavements. The following topics are covered: - Characterization of binder-aggregate interaction - Innovative testing of bituminous binders, additives and modifiers - Durability and aging of asphalt pavements - Mixture design and compaction analysis - Environmentally sustainable materials and technologies - Advances in laboratory characterization of bituminous materials - Modeling of road materials and pavement performance prediction - Field measurement and in-situ characterization - Innovative materials for reinforcement and interlayer systems - Cracking and damage characterization of asphalt pavements - Recycling and re-use in road pavements This is the proceedings of the RILEM SIB2015 Symposium (Ancona, Italy, October 7-9, 2015).

Download or read book Polymer Modified Asphalt Binders written by Kenneth R. Wardlaw and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1992 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "ASTM Publication Code Number (PCN) 04-011080-08. - "Sponsored by ASTM Committee D-4 on Road and Paving Materials."-- Foreword. - Includes bibliographical references and indexes. - Electronic reproduction; W. Conshohocken, Pa; ASTM International; 2011; Mode of access: World Wide Web; System requirements: Web browser; Access may be restricted to users at subscribing institutions.

Download or read book Laboratory Evaluation of Warm Mix Asphalt Prepared Using Foamed Asphalt Binders written by Ayman W. Ali and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is a name given to different technologies that have the common purpose of reducing the viscosity of the asphalt binders. This reduction in viscosity offers the advantage of producing asphalt-aggregate mixtures at lower mixing and compaction temperatures, and subsequently reducing energy consumption and pollutant emissions during asphalt mix production and placement. WMA technologies can be classified into two groups. The first group reduces the asphalt binders' viscosity through the addition of organic or chemical additives, while the second group reduces the viscosity of the asphalt binders through the addition of water. The latter has received increased attention in Ohio since it does not require the use of costly additives. In spite of the above-mentioned advantages for WMA mixtures, many concerns have been raised regarding the susceptibility of this material to moisture-induced damage and permanent deformation due to the reduced temperature level used during WMA production. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a laboratory procedure to produce WMA mixtures prepared using foamed asphalt binders (WMA-FA), and to evaluate their performance in comparison to conventional Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). This study involved two types of aggregates (natural gravel and crushed limestone) and two types of asphalt binders (PG 64-22 and PG 70-22M). A laboratory scale asphalt binder foaming device called WLB10, produced by Wirtgen, Inc., was used to foam the asphalt binders. The aggregate gradation met the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) Construction and Materials Specification (C&MS) requirements for Item 441 Type 1 Surface Course for Medium Traffic. The resistance of WMA-FA and HMA mixtures to moisture-induced damage was measured using AASHTO T-283, and the resistance to permanent deformation was measured using the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) and the Simple Performance Test (SPT). Based on the experimental test results and the subsequent analyses findings, the following conclusions were made: [1] WMA-FA mixtures are more workable and easily compacted than HMA mixtures even though they are produced at lower mixing and compaction temperatures; [2] WMA-FA mixtures are slightly more susceptible to moisture damage than HMA mixtures. However, the difference is statistically insignificant. Therefore, if designed properly, both mixtures are expected to meet ODOT's minimum TSR requirement for the proposed traffic level; [3] WMA-FA mixtures, especially those prepared using gravel aggregates and unmodified asphalt binders are more prone to rutting than the corresponding HMA mixtures. Therefore, it is recommended to include the APA test as part of the WMA mix design procedure to ensure satisfactory performance for rutting.

Download or read book The Effects of Asphalt Binder Oxidation on Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete Mixture Rheology and Fatigue Performance written by Sung Hoon Jung and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asphalt oxidation causes major changes to binder properties and is hypothesized to be a major contributor to age-related pavement failure such as fatigue cracking. Extensive laboratory aging research has been done to assess the effects of oxidation on binder properties. Previous work shows binder oxidation makes the binder stiffer and more brittle, leading to higher binder stresses under a given deformation. Failure occurs when these stresses exceed the strength of the binder. However, binder oxidation in pavements has not been studied in the same detail as laboratory aging of neat binders. The impact of binder oxidation on long-term pavement performance has been either underestimated or ignored. This research includes studies of binder oxidation in Texas pavements to compare the field aging with laboratory neat binder aging, the impact of binder oxidation on HMAC mixture aging and HMAC mixture fatigue performance, and fundamental rheological property changes of the binder and the mixture. Binder oxidation is studied in fifteen pavements from locations across Texas. Results indicate that unmodified binders in pavements typically oxidize and harden to a degree that exceeds generally accepted pavement aging assumptions. This hardening may also extend much deeper into the pavement than has been previously assumed or documented. Data suggest that pavements can oxidize at rates surprisingly uniform with depth once early oxidation occurs, and that these rates continue for an extended time. Laboratory-aged HMAC mixtures and binders were tested and analyzed for fatigue resistance and their rheological properties. Mixture aging shows the same aging mechanisms as neat binder aging. Both binder and mixture have a higher modulus with aging and a good rheological correlation. The decline in mixture fatigue life (determined using the calibrated mechanistic fatigue analysis approach with surface energy measurement) due to oxidation is significant. Pavement service life is dependent on the mixture, but can be estimated by a cumulative damage approach that considers binder oxidation and pavement loading rate simultaneously. The differences in expected pavement life arise from differences in the rate of binder stiffening due to oxidation and the impact of this stiffening on the decline of fatigue life.

Download or read book A Manual for Design of Hot Mix Asphalt with Commentary written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2011 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: