Download or read book Bidding for Contract Games Applying Game Theory to Analyze First Price Sealed Bid Auctions written by András I. Kucsma and published by . This book was released on 1997-06-01 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyzed the first price sealed bid auction (FPSBA) using computer simulations. The first price sealed bid auction is a static Bayesian game with incomplete information. These games have a well defined symmetric Bayesian Nash equilibrium. The existence of the equilibrium makes it possible to find the bidders' equilibrium strategies. The equilibrium strategy maximizes the bidders' profit. This thesis assumes, (1) the bidders act rationally and have private information about their production cost, (2) the bidders' preferences and information are symmetric, (3) the buyer is committed not to deviate from the auction rules, even if a deviation would be profitable. Considering these assumptions and the equilibrium strategy, this Thesis constructed a FPSBA model. The model was transformed into an algorithm and coded in Visual Basic language. The code was used to simulate the FPSBA in different scenarios. The simulation showed the bidders' behavior and identified factors affecting the bidders' decision during bid preparation. Critical factors include the cost distribution and number of bidders. The concluding chapter presents the analytical results.
Download or read book Putting Auction Theory to Work written by Paul Milgrom and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-12 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to modern auction theory and its important new applications. It is written by a leading economic theorist whose suggestions guided the creation of the new spectrum auction designs. Aimed at graduate students and professionals in economics, the book gives the most up-to-date treatments of both traditional theories of 'optimal auctions' and newer theories of multi-unit auctions and package auctions, and shows by example how these theories are used. The analysis explores the limitations of prominent older designs, such as the Vickrey auction design, and evaluates the practical responses to those limitations. It explores the tension between the traditional theory of auctions with a fixed set of bidders, in which the seller seeks to squeeze as much revenue as possible from the fixed set, and the theory of auctions with endogenous entry, in which bidder profits must be respected to encourage participation.
Download or read book Auction Theory written by Pak-Sing Choi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-24 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides a short introduction to auction theory through exercises with detailed answer keys. Focusing on practical examples, this textbook offers over 80 exercises that predict bidders’ equilibrium behaviour in different auction formats, along with the seller’s strategic incentives to organize one auction format over the other. The book emphasizes game-theoretic tools, so students can apply similar tools to other auction formats. Also included are several exercises based on published articles, with the model reduced to its main elements and the question divided into several easy-to-answer parts. Little mathematical background in algebra and calculus is assumed, and most algebraic steps and simplifications are provided, making the text ideal for upper undergraduate and graduate students. The book begins with a discussion of second-price auctions, which can be studied without using calculus, and works through progressively more complicated auction scenarios: first-price auctions, all-pay auctions, third-price auctions, the Revenue Equivalence principle, common-value auctions, multi-unit auctions, and procurement auctions. Exercises in each chapter are ranked according to their difficulty, with a letter (A-C) next to the exercise title, which allows students to pace their studies accordingly. The authors also offer a list of suggested exercises for each chapter, for instructors teaching at varying levels: undergraduate, Masters, Ph.D. Providing a practical, customizable approach to auction theory, this textbook is appropriate for students of economics, finance, and business administration. This book may also be used for related classes such as game theory, market design, economics of information, contract theory, or topics in microeconomics.
Download or read book Simulation and Gaming written by Dragan Cvetković and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-02-14 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book "Simulation and Gaming" discusses the following topics and research areas: game-based methods of problem solution and data processing, analysis, and information mining; educational games and game features, including game characteristics, story, mechanics, and methodology; development of integrated games tasked with helping students in interpreting, translating, and manipulating the field of kinematics through formal presentations; possibility of research integration through real and practical examples and games as well, in the field of physics; analysis of game engines from various aspects such as modularity, performance, and usability; virtual reality (VR) and interaction mechanisms used for three-dimensional (3D) game development; analysis, development, design, implementation, and evaluation of the simulation model in the field of engineering and metallurgy, according to ADDIE model; concept of computational thinking, with an accent on its inclusion in compulsory education; overview of the current prominence of AI simulation based in the gaming leisure industry, mainly for research purposes in the context of gambling and forecasting of online casino patron's churn behavior; innovative modeling and simulation approach using newly proposed advanced game-based mathematical framework, unified game-based acquisition framework, and a set of war-gaming engines to address the challenges for acquisition of future space systems; modification of simulation of a complex system and a physics model through programming, achieved with a block-based programming language.
Download or read book Putting Auction Theory to Work written by Paul Robert Milgrom and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-12 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of contents
Download or read book Analysis of First Price Sealed Bidding FPSB Using Game Theory written by Suat Tozendemir and published by . This book was released on 1997-12-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis analyzes the First Price Sealed Bidding (FPSB) procurement method using computer simulations. The First Price Sealed Bidding is a static Bayesian Game with incomplete information. These games have a well defined Bayesian Nash equilibrium. Using this theory, this study found the bidders' equilibrium strategies. The equilibrium strategy is the strategy that maximizes bidders' profit simultaneously. Some assumptions have been made to be able to construct a model for the FPSB. Then, the model was transformed into computer simulation code using Visual Basic programming language. Two different simulation programs used to experiment with several scenarios under uniform and triangular production cost distributions. The simulation showed the bidders' behavior and identified factors affecting the bidders' decision while preparing their bids. The most influential factors found to be production cost distributions and number of bidders. Concluding observations concerning both buyers and bidders present the results derived from the analysis of experiments.
Download or read book A Primer on Auction Design Management and Strategy written by David J. Salant and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-12-19 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to modeling and analyzing auctions, with the applications of game theory and auction theory to real-world auction decision making. Auctions are highly structured market transactions primarily used in thin markets (markets with few participants and infrequent transactions). In auctions, unlike most other markets, offers and counteroffers are typically made within a structure defined by a set of rigid and comprehensive rules. Because auctions are essentially complex negotiations that occur within a fully defined and rigid set of rules, they can be analyzed by game theoretic models more accurately and completely than can most other types of market transactions. This book offers a guide for modeling, analyzing, and predicting the outcomes of auctions, focusing on the application of game theory and auction theory to real-world auction design and decision making. After a brief introduction to fundamental concepts from game theory, the book explains some of the more significant results from the auction theory literature, including the revenue (or payoff) equivalence theorem, the winner's curse, and optimal auction design. Chapters on auction practice follow, addressing collusion, competition, information disclosure, and other basic principles of auction management, with some discussion of auction experiments and simulations. Finally, the book covers auction experience, with most of the discussion centered on energy and telecommunications auctions, which have become the proving ground for many new auction designs. A clear and concise introduction to auctions, auction design, and auction strategy, this Primer will be an essential resource for students, researchers, and practitioners.
Download or read book Game Theory Bargaining and Auction Strategies written by Gregor Berz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text bridges the gulf between theoretical economic principles of negotiation and auction theory and their multifaceted applications in actual practice. It is intended to be a supplement to the already existing literature, as a comprehensive collection of reports detailing experiences and results of very different negotiations and auctions.
Download or read book Networks Crowds and Markets written by David Easley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-19 with total page 745 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are all film stars linked to Kevin Bacon? Why do the stock markets rise and fall sharply on the strength of a vague rumour? How does gossip spread so quickly? Are we all related through six degrees of separation? There is a growing awareness of the complex networks that pervade modern society. We see them in the rapid growth of the internet, the ease of global communication, the swift spread of news and information, and in the way epidemics and financial crises develop with startling speed and intensity. This introductory book on the new science of networks takes an interdisciplinary approach, using economics, sociology, computing, information science and applied mathematics to address fundamental questions about the links that connect us, and the ways that our decisions can have consequences for others.
Download or read book A Primer on Auction Design Management and Strategy written by David J. Salant and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-12-26 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to modeling and analyzing auctions, with the applications of game theory and auction theory to real-world auction decision making. Auctions are highly structured market transactions primarily used in thin markets (markets with few participants and infrequent transactions). In auctions, unlike most other markets, offers and counteroffers are typically made within a structure defined by a set of rigid and comprehensive rules. Because auctions are essentially complex negotiations that occur within a fully defined and rigid set of rules, they can be analyzed by game theoretic models more accurately and completely than can most other types of market transactions. This book offers a guide for modeling, analyzing, and predicting the outcomes of auctions, focusing on the application of game theory and auction theory to real-world auction design and decision making. After a brief introduction to fundamental concepts from game theory, the book explains some of the more significant results from the auction theory literature, including the revenue (or payoff) equivalence theorem, the winner's curse, and optimal auction design. Chapters on auction practice follow, addressing collusion, competition, information disclosure, and other basic principles of auction management, with some discussion of auction experiments and simulations. Finally, the book covers auction experience, with most of the discussion centered on energy and telecommunications auctions, which have become the proving ground for many new auction designs. A clear and concise introduction to auctions, auction design, and auction strategy, this Primer will be an essential resource for students, researchers, and practitioners.
Download or read book Game Theory Successful Negotiation in Purchasing written by Christoph Pfeiffer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-18 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied game theory in purchasing has become an important tool in many companies for systematically achieving success in negotiations. The central building block of game-theoretically optimized awards are purchasing auctions. A basic knowledge of auctions and game theory is therefore particularly important for purchasers. This book describes very clearly many helpful methods as well as their application in practice. Procurement situations which have a high volume, which are interesting for suppliers and whose performance can be well specified are particularly suitable for the use of game theory in purchasing. It also shows how cartels or restrained competition between suppliers can be identified using a purely data-based method. Every purchase involves a sale. The book is therefore not only aimed at buyers. Auctions in procurement and the underlying game-theoretical principles also play an equally significant role for sellers.Applied game theory in purchasing has become an important tool in many companies for systematically achieving success in negotiations. The central building block of game-theoretically optimized awards are purchasing auctions. A basic knowledge of auctions and game theory is therefore particularly important for purchasers. This book describes very clearly many helpful methods as well as their application in practice. Procurement situations which have a high volume, which are interesting for suppliers and whose performance can be well specified are particularly suitable for the use of game theory in purchasing. It also shows how cartels or restrained competition between suppliers can be identified using a purely data-based method. Every purchase involves a sale. The book is therefore not only aimed at buyers. Auctions in procurement and the underlying game-theoretic principles also play an equally significant role for sellers.
Download or read book The Alternating Double Auction Market written by Abdolkarim Sadrieh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The alternating double auction market institution is presented as a discrete time version of the open outcry market. The game in extensive form is analyzed in an almost perfect information setting, using the concept of subgame perfectness. By applying two new equilibrium selection criteria, a general existence result is obtained for "impatience equilibria" of the game. All such equilibria are shown to have unique properties concerning the traded quantities and prices. The most important results are that the equilibrium prices are independent of the number of traders and are always very close to - if not inside - the range of competitive prices. The latter can be evaluated as game theoretic support for the convergence of prices to the competitive price. The process of price formation is traced by applying the learning direction theory and introducing the "anchor price hypothesis".
Download or read book The First Price Sealed Bid Auction with Asymmetric Bidders written by Patrick L. Bajari and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategic Analysis of Auctions written by Robert B. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Game Theory Alive written by Anna R. Karlin and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a highly connected world with multiple self-interested agents interacting and myriad opportunities for conflict and cooperation. The goal of game theory is to understand these opportunities. This book presents a rigorous introduction to the mathematics of game theory without losing sight of the joy of the subject. This is done by focusing on theoretical highlights (e.g., at least six Nobel Prize winning results are developed from scratch) and by presenting exciting connections of game theory to other fields such as computer science (algorithmic game theory), economics (auctions and matching markets), social choice (voting theory), biology (signaling and evolutionary stability), and learning theory. Both classical topics, such as zero-sum games, and modern topics, such as sponsored search auctions, are covered. Along the way, beautiful mathematical tools used in game theory are introduced, including convexity, fixed-point theorems, and probabilistic arguments. The book is appropriate for a first course in game theory at either the undergraduate or graduate level, whether in mathematics, economics, computer science, or statistics. The importance of game-theoretic thinking transcends the academic setting—for every action we take, we must consider not only its direct effects, but also how it influences the incentives of others.
Download or read book Bidding in First Price Sealed Bid Auctions written by Paulo Fagandini and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational methods are used to analyze bidding in first price sealed bid auctions for abroad range of realistic scenarios. Bidders valuations may have both common value and firm-specific components, and the accuracy of their estimates of the common value component may differ. In addition, we allow for a subset of “naive” bidders, defined as bidders who do not account for the Winners' Curse. Following Rothkopf (1969, 1980), Wilson (1984), and Compte and Postlewaite (2012), we obtain a constant Shading Factor that maximizes ex-ante expected profits. Our computations show that profit-maximizing shading is greatly impacted by asymmetries in the bidding population and, in particular, by the presence of naive bidders. Failing to account for the presence of naive bidders results in underbidding only in one case, when facing a single rival who is naive, and in overbidding in all other cases. Overbidding is particularly severe when the population of naive competitors is large.
Download or read book Rings in Auctions written by Angelo Artale and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In auctions, bidders compete with one another in their attempt to 1 purchase the goods that are up for sale • But buyer competition may be reduced or disappear when a ring of colluding bidders is present. The purpose of the participants to a ring is to eliminate buyer competition and to realize a gain over vendors. When all participants are members of the ring, this is done by purchasing the item at the reserve price and splitting the spoils (the difference between the item market value and the reserve price) among the participants. "The term ring apparently derives from the fact that in a settlement sale following the auction, members of the collusive arrangement form a circle or ring to facilitate observation of their trading behavior by the ring leader" (Cassady jr. (1967)). If the coalition members knew other players' values, the problem faced by the ring might be easily solved: the player with the highest value should submit a serious bid and the other members, on the contrary, only phony bids. However, ring participants do not usually know the values of other members. Therefore, ring members have to find out some mechanism which selects the player who has to bid seriously and, eventually, esta blish side payments paid to each of the losers2.
