Download or read book Bid Evaluation in Import Procurement written by United Nations Publications and published by . This book was released on with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of these Guidelines is to inform those carrying out a project that is financed in whole or in part by loans from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) or a credit or grant from the International Development Association (IDA), of the policies that govern the procurement of goods, works, and services (other than consultant services) reqired for the project.
Download or read book Guidelines for Procurement Under IDB Loans written by Inter-American Development Bank and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Users Manual for the Multiple Bid Evaluation Model for Procurement Planning and Placement written by J. B. Todaro and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides useful information to ammunition managers on the Multiple-Bid Evaluation Model. The purpose of the Multiple-Bid Evaluation Model is to enable management to evaluate the economic and base protection impacts of available alternative solutions for complex procurement actions involving large numbers of multiple bidders, multiple bid levels, and multiple buy periods. The model can be used for single or multiple item buys. The sequence of steps by which the model achieves this objective is as follows: Input data for the model includes the procurement objectives (items, quantities, and time periods), bidder information (all costs associated with selecting a specific bidder), and base protection costs. These base protection costs are total costs of layaway and maintenance of Government-furnished equipment at those facilities which are not selected for a portion of the contract. The data conversion module accepts the verified input data and converts it into usable form for the main processing module. The main processing module uses dynamic programming techniques to identify least-cost and alternative solutions. Dynamic programming is an efficient solution technique for multi-stage problems. In the model, the method used employs an approach in which any two bidders are considered. Then, only those bids made which can enter into the final solution are carried forward as a combination to compete against the next bidder. This procedure is repeated until a final combination is obtained. This final combination represents the least-cost solution.
Download or read book Procurement Under IBRD Loans and IDA Credits written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines for Procurement of Goods and Construction Services Under IDB Loans written by Inter-American Development Bank and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines for Procurement Under World Bank Loans and IDA Credits written by World Bank and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhancing Procurement Practices written by Attila Kovács and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhancing Procurement Practices is organised around four main points: -overview and analysis of procurement principles, -practical approach to drafting of solicitation and contract documents, -conduct of procurement procedures, -overview of the e-procurement arena. Although the addressed procurement methods can be used on a wide scale, this book concentrates primarily on such cases when the subject of procurement is complex, or the solicited goods and services are relatively simple but the intended long-term relationship calls for a fairly conscious source selection. Project procurement, the most complicated form of buying civil engineering work, goods, and services, is thoroughly addressed. Beyond the structured overview and comparative analysis of terminology and principles, the book describes such new concepts as single-source preference for simultaneous procurements, dual-term frame contract for parallel suppliers, and the use of semi-consolidated contract documents. Effective utilisation of theories boils down - among others - to a consistent set of procurement-related terms, proven methodology for drafting comprehensive solicitation documents and contracts, and practical details of communication with offerors.
Download or read book Procurement Practices Review written by Canada. Office of the Procurement Ombudsman and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rules of Procedure for Procurement Under African Development Fund Loans written by African Development Fund and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Supplier Sourcing Appraisal and Evaluation in Import Procurement written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Strategies for Repeat Procurement written by Christopher M. Held and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past several decades, there has been a fundamental dispute between the appropriate mechanism for repeat procurement. On one hand, the supporters of Porter (1979) advocate a competitive setting where short-term contracts are used to increase buyer power and lower supplier prices. On the other hand, the supporters of Deming (1986) advocate the idea of long-term contracts to align buyer and supplier incentives. This trade-off between long-term and short-term contracts has fundamentally affected the practice of procurement, with most suppliers opting for hybrid strategies such as Incumbent Biasing: a strategy characterized by short-term contracts with frequent rebidding with an advantage given to the incumbent. This work examines this hybrid strategy to determine its effectiveness. First, we create an empirical model that identifies and measures the trade-offs between the Porter and Deming strategies. Using this model, we find that Incumbent Biasing has an impact on procurement performance via two mechanisms: first, Incumbent Biasing decreases bidding competitiveness in repeat procurement bidding, which decreases performance; second, Incumbent Biasing has a moderating effect where it improves incentive alignment between the buyer and supplier and improves procurement performance. We show that depending on the current contract design, the net effect of Incumbent Biasing on overall procurement performance can be either positive or negative. This is first work to empirically test the impact of Incumbent Biasing on procurement performance and the first to identify the positive and negative mechanisms by which this impact occurs. Using this research, managers will be able to identify their firm's position with regards to incentive alignment with their supplier to determine if Incumbent Biasing has a net positive effect for their firm. After identifying the impact of Incumbent Biasing on procurement performance, we contribute to the literature by testing this analysis through two additional extensions. First, using secondary data analysis we show that our construct for procurement performance is correlated with firm performance. We do this by comparing the answers to our procurement performance construct items to the change in gross margin of the publicly traded respondents in our study over time. This shows that our construct is not only reliable, but that procurement performance has a positive impact on overall firm performance. This is the first work to provide an empirical construct for procurement performance that is validated via secondary data analysis of firm performance. Second, we test a competing theory to Incumbent Biasing which is Multi-Sourcing: the strategy of spreading a contract to multiple suppliers to maintain competitiveness in bidding. Approximately 46% of our sample identify as using both strategies simultaneously and we test for an impact between the two. We show that the two strategies to not impact each other and can be viewed independently. Subsequently, we test two Multi-Sourcing constructs in our model and find that there is no significant impact on bidding competitiveness from Multi-Sourcing. Subsequently, we examine the impact of repeatedly awarding a contract to a pool of bidders. In our model, one contract is bid repeatedly over time, resulting in bidders gaining information about their competitors' cost. The academic literature is mixed on how a buyer should approach this type of contract bidding interaction. On one hand, it is argued that establishing an awarding structure that favors the incumbent decreases the frequency of switching, and thus cost. On the other hand, it is argued that an awarding structure that favors the non-incumbent (entrant) bidders places competitive pressure on the incumbent and generates low margin bids. This issue is further complicated by the practice cited in the academic literature of ``defection', where entrant firms either perceive a bias or believe that their cost is uncompetitive and will not bid in future stages. We create a framework that explores the apparent contradictions in these recommendations and gives conditions when biasing toward the incumbent or entrant should be implemented. We first characterize bidders based on their effort to bid and their cost to supply the contract. We then show that in the case of low effort to bid and high cost for the entrant, entrant biasing is optimal; when the reverse is true incumbent biasing is optimal. Using the results from our analysis, we provide guidance to buyers facing a repeated procurement process.
Download or read book 98 640 Review of Bid Evaluation and Contractor Selection Methods in the Professional Services Procurement Directorate electronic Resource written by Canada. Public Works and Government Services Canada. Audit and Review and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Procurement Practice Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide on Bid Evaluation written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2010-10-01 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide is intended to provide guidance to borrowers on bid evaluation procedures and how to prepare a bid evaluation report to be submitted to the Asian Development Bank, in connection with the procurement of contracts financed in whole or in part from proceeds of its loans.
Download or read book Guidelines for Procurement Under Loans Extended by the OPEC Fund for International Development as Approved on November 2 1982 written by OPEC Fund for International Development and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Procurement written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
