Download or read book Biafran Ghosts written by Ike Okonta and published by Nordic Africa Institute. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Movement for the Actualisation of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB), an ethnic militia, emerged in the Igbo-speaking region of Nigeria in 1999, shortly after military rule ended and Olusegun Obasanjo took office as elected President. MASSOB's stated goal is the struggle for Igbo self-determination and the re-emergence of a new sovereign state in the eastern part of the country to be known as the 'United States of Biafra', thereby raising the spectre of a possible break up of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. This Discussion Paper examines the circumstances of MASSOB's emergence in a period of political transition and considerable uncertainty as the Nigerian armed forces began to prepare to relinquish their grip on power, and the specific ways the promoters of this ethnic militia movement have shaped Nigeria's still unfolding democratization process since 1999.
Download or read book The Biafran War and Postcolonial Humanitarianism written by Lasse Heerten and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A global history of 'Biafra', providing a new explanation for the ascendance of humanitarianism in a postcolonial world.
Download or read book Ghosts of Empire written by Kwasi Kwarteng and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2012-02-07 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kwasi Kwarteng is the child of parents whose lives were shaped as subjects of the British Empire, first in their native Ghana, then as British immigrants. He brings a unique perspective and impeccable academic credentials to a narrative history of the British Empire, one that avoids sweeping judgmental condemnation and instead sees the Empire for what it was: a series of local fiefdoms administered in varying degrees of competence or brutality by a cast of characters as outsized and eccentric as anything conjured by Gilbert and Sullivan. The truth, as Kwarteng reveals, is that there was no such thing as a model for imperial administration; instead, appointees were schooled in quirky, independent-minded individuality. As a result the Empire was the product not of a grand idea but of often chaotic individual improvisation. The idosyncracies of viceroys and soldier-diplomats who ran the colonial enterprise continues to impact the world, from Kashmir to Sudan, Baghdad to Hong Kong.
Download or read book Surviving in Biafra written by Alfred Obiora Uzokwe and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2003 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1966, several waves of rioting in northern Nigeria culminated in the brutal massacre of thousands of easterners by their northern Nigerian counterparts. Sensing that their safety could no longer be guaranteed, the easterners fled to the eastern region and established an independent nation called Biafra. Refusing to accept her sovereignty, Nigeria waged a thirty-month war against Biafra, targeting air assaults at civilian locations, which resulted in the deaths of thousands of children, women, and the elderly. Nigeria used land and sea blockade to prevent relief food from reaching hungry masses in Biafra and thousands of children died from a form of malnutrition called kwashiorkor. At the end of it all in 1970, two million people had perished.
Download or read book Postcolonial Conflict and the Question of Genocide written by A. Dirk Moses and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first, comprehensive and balanced historical account of the momentous Nigeria-Biafra war. It offers a multi-perspectival treatment of the conflict that explores issues such as local experiences of victims, the massive relief campaigns by humanitarian NGOs and international organizations like the Red Cross, the actions of foreign powers with interests in the conflict, and the significance of the international public sphere, in which the propaganda and public relations war about the question of genocide was waged.
Download or read book Reclaiming Traditions of Igbo Education and the Legacy of the Holy Ghost Missionaries written by Okonkwo Remigius Nwabichie and published by Dorrance Publishing. This book was released on 2024-05-01 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WHAT IMPACT HAS CHURCH MISSIONARY EDUCATION (CME) HAD IN AFRICA, ESPECIALLY SINCE THE NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURIES? Reclaiming Traditions of Igbo Education and the Legacy of the Holy Ghost Missionaries finds answers to that question. This book critically assesses the benefits and burdens of the Church Missionary Education (CME) of the Holy Ghost Missionaries among nd’Igbo in southeastern Nigeria. It interrogates the propriety of its philosophy and reviews the adequacy of the methods used to promote it. While critics lament the damage done by European explorers, merchants, colonialists, and missionaries to the educational traditions of Africa, apologists who defend them suggest that they did their best under prevailing circumstances. They ask, “Instead of revisit the past, why not get on with the business of modern times?” But the impact of the European presence in Africa is not a thing of the past. It is part of “Africa’s current and existential socioeconomic, political, religious, and educational struggles today. 1 This book describes the limitations of the neo-colonizing educational philosophy of the missionaries and calls for an alternative. A philosophy of wholeness is proposed as an alternative that would transition Africans to a liberating and liberatory Christian Religious Education (CRE) of the gospels. Such, it is argued, would better serve their needs and aspirations, and better heal the wounds of their colonial past. About the Author OKONKWO REMIGIUS NWABICHIE is a priest of Orlu diocese. He holds degrees in Philosophy, Theology, Administration, and Religious Education. He is the author of Religion for Morality in Education, Self-Reliant African Churches, and a forthcoming volume, Methods for Promoting Christian Religious Education in Africa. A lively discussant in Igbo/African affairs, and curriculum development, he can be reached at: [email protected] or [email protected].
Download or read book A History of the Republic of Biafra written by Samuel Fury Childs Daly and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Republic of Biafra lasted for less than three years, but the war over its secession would contort Nigeria for decades to come. Samuel Fury Childs Daly examines the history of the Nigerian Civil War and its aftermath from an uncommon vantage point – the courtroom. Wartime Biafra was glutted with firearms, wracked by famine, and administered by a government that buckled under the weight of the conflict. In these dangerous conditions, many people survived by engaging in fraud, extortion, and armed violence. When the fighting ended in 1970, these survival tactics endured, even though Biafra itself disappeared from the map. Based on research using an original archive of legal records and oral histories, Daly catalogues how people navigated conditions of extreme hardship on the war front, and shows how the conditions of the Nigerian Civil War paved the way for the country's long experience of crime that was to follow.
Download or read book The Handbook of Global Energy Policy written by Andreas Goldthau and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-11-14 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first handbook to provide a global policy perspective on energy, bringing together a diverse range of international energy issues in one volume. Maps the emerging field of global energy policy both for scholars and practitioners; the focus is on global issues, but it also explores the regional impact of international energy policies Accounts for the multi-faceted nature of global energy policy challenges and broadens discussions of these beyond the prevalent debates about oil supply Analyzes global energy policy challenges across the dimensions of markets, development, sustainability, and security, and identifies key global policy challenges for the future Comprises newly-commissioned research by an international team of scholars and energy policy practitioners
Download or read book Biafra s War 1967 1970 written by Al J. Venter and published by Helion and Company. This book was released on 2016-02-19 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost half a century has passed since the Nigerian Civil War ended. But memories die hard, because a million or more people perished in that internecine struggle, the majority women and children, who were starved to death. Biafras war was modern Africas first extended conflict. It lasted almost three years and was based largely on ethnic, by inference, tribal grounds. It involved, on the one side, a largely Christian or animist southeastern quadrant of Nigeria which called itself Biafra, pitted militarily against the countrys more populous and preponderant Islamic north. These divisions almost always brutal persist. Not a week goes by without reports coming in of Christian communities or individuals persecuted by Islamic zealots. It was also a conflict that saw significant Cold War involvement: the Soviets (and Britain) siding and supplying Federal Nigeria with weapons, aircraft and expertise and several Western states Portugal, South Africa and France especially providing clandestine help to the rebel state. For that reason alone, this book is an important contribution towards understanding Nigerias ethnic divisions, which are no better today than they were then. Biafra was the first of a series of religious wars that threaten to engulf much of Africa. Similar conflicts have recently taken place in the Ivory Coast, Kenya, Southern Sudan, the Central African Republic, Senegal (Cassamance), both Congo Republics and elsewhere. As the war progressed, Biafra also attracted mercenary involvement, many of whom arriving from the Congo which had already seen much turmoil. Western pilots were hired by Lagos and they flew the first Soviet MiG-17 jet fighters to have played an active role in a Western war. Al Venter spent time covering this struggle. He left the rebel enclave in December 1969, only weeks before it ended and claims the distinction of being the only foreign correspondent to have been rocketed by both sides: first by Biafras tiny Swedish-built Minicon fighter planes while he was on a ship lying at anchor in Warri harbour and thereafter, by MiG jets flown by mercenaries. Among his colleagues inside the beleaguered territory were the celebrated Italian photographer Romano Cagnoni as well as Frederick Forsyth who originally reported for the BBC and then resigned because of the partisan, pro-Nigerian stance taken by Whitehall. He briefly shared quarters with French photographer Giles Caron who was later killed in Cambodia. Prior to that Venter had been working for John Holt in Lagos. It is interesting that his office at the time was at Ikeja International Airport (Murtala Muhammed today) where the second Nigerian army mutiny was plotted and from where it was launched. From this perspective he had a proverbial ringside seat of the tribal divisions that followed as hostilities escalated. Venter took numerous photos while on this West African assignment, both in Nigeria while he was based there and later in Biafra itself. Others come from various sources, including some from the same mercenary pilots who originally targeted him from the air.
Download or read book AF Press Clips written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Case For Biafra Restoration written by Obi Ukwuoma and published by Christian Faith Publishing, Inc.. This book was released on 2018-08-02 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The massacre of Igbos/Biafrans across the Northern Nigeria started way back in 1945 in Jos, where more than 150 Igbos/Biafrans were brutally slaughtered for no reason. That is about thirty-one years after the fraudulent amalgamation of Islamic north and Christian south by the British. Prior to the Civil War in 1966 pogrom, over sixty thousand civilians were brutally murdered because they were Igbos/Biafrans and Christians living in the north. "One by one, the Igbo people who were sheltered in the Emir's Palace were dragged out with hands and feet tied. An unsharpened knife was used on purpose in cutting the neck to ensure a slow and painful death. Goats do not receive such wicked treatment during slaughter; neither does a chicken. Tired and in pain, the victim gave up the ghost while asking for water in Igbo language: 'Nye m Mmiri,' literally expressing 'Give me water.' Families watched as they each gave up the ghost. Since then, the Hausa-Fulani people have adulterated the expression into 'nyamiri' as a form of mockery to the Igbos." The Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) are the remnants of people that survived the genocide of 1967""70, where more than 3.5 million Biafrans were brutally slaughtered by the Nigerian State. These remnants of Biafran people have not only resided in every nook and corner of the said Nigeria but also have scattered all over the planet earth in quest for green pasture. Those who understand the true meaning of freedom fighting know that IPOB is here to get Biafra and nothing more. Those who read history know that every successful freedom fighting have always started from outside. The method, strategy, and mode of its execution have never been seen anywhere on this planet earth, and that is why Biafra is going to be restored. Buhari remains the last standing samurai/pharaoh of the uneducated northern oligarchy with the boldness to attempt to implement the Hausa-Fulani Islamic agenda to the shores of Atlantic Ocean, but he must fail. The leader of Indigenous People of Biafra, Nnamdi Kanu, has always said, "They would kill us, we will kill them, and then Biafra will come."
Download or read book The International Politics of the Nigerian Civil War 1967 1970 written by John J. Stremlau and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-08 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biafra's declaration of independence on May 30, 1967, precipitated a civil war with important implications for the territorial integrity of all newly independent African states. Allegations of genocide commanded the world's attention and brought forth unprecedented humanitarian intervention. This full account of the internationalization of that conflict draws on hitherto confidential records and more than two hundred interviews with foreign policymakers, including Yakubu Gowon and C. Odumegwu Ojukwu. Originally published in 1977. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Never Look an American in the Eye written by Okey Ndibe and published by Soho Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author of Foreign Gods, Inc. and Arrows of Rain tells his own immigrant's tale, where what is lost in translation is often as hilarious as it is harrowing. Okey Ndibe's funny, charming, and penetrating memoir tells of his move from Nigeria to America, where he came to edit the influential--but forever teetering on the verge of insolvency--African Commentary magazine. It recounts stories of Ndibe's relationships with Chinua Achebe, Wole Soyinka, and other literary figures; examines the differences between Nigerian and American etiquette and politics; recalls an incident of racial profiling just thirteen days after he arrived in the US, in which he was mistaken for a bank robber; considers American stereotypes about Africa (and vice-versa); and juxtaposes African folk tales with Wall Street trickery. All these stories and more come together in a generous, encompassing book about the making of a writer and a new American.
Download or read book The Biafra Story written by Frederick Forsyth and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2015-03-21 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fearless act of journalism in 1960s Nigeria and the true story behind the international bestselling novel The Dogs of War. The Nigerian civil war of the late 1960s was one of the first occasions when Western consciences were awakened and deeply affronted by the level of suffering and the scale of atrocity being played out in the African continent. This was thanks not just to advances in communication technology but to the courage and journalistic skills of foreign correspondents like Frederick Forsyth, who had already earned an enviable reputation for tenacity and accuracy working for Reuters and the BBC. In The Biafra Story, Forsyth reveals the depth of the British Government’s active involvement in the conflict—information which many in power would have preferred to remain secret. General Gowon’s genocide of the Biafran people was facilitated by a ready supply of British arms and advice. Still tragically relevant in its depiction of global affairs, this powerful book also launched Frederick Forsyth to literary stardom by providing him with the background material for The Dogs of War. The dramatic events and shocking political exposures, all delivered with Forsyth’s bold and perceptive style, makes The Biafra Story a compelling lesson in courage.
Download or read book A History of the Church in Africa written by Bengt Sundkler and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-05-04 with total page 1268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bengt Sundkler's long-awaited book on African Christian churches will become the standard reference for the subject.
Download or read book Daily Report Foreign Radio Broadcasts written by United States. Central Intelligence Agency and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Architecture of the Bight of Biafra written by Joseph Godlewski and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-03-06 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Architecture of the Bight of Biafra challenges linear assumptions about agency, progress, and domination in colonial and postcolonial cities, adding an important sub‐Saharan case study to existing scholarship on globalization and modernity. Intersected by small creeks, rivulets, and dotted with mangrove swamps, the Bight of Biafra has a long history of decentralized political arrangements and intricate trading networks predating the emergence of the Atlantic world. While indigenous merchants in the region were active participants in the transatlantic slave trading system, they creatively resisted European settlement and maintained indigenous sovereignty until the middle of the nineteenth century. Since few built artifacts still exist, this study draws from a close reading of written sources—travelers’ accounts, slave traders’ diaries, missionary memoirs, colonial records, and oral histories—as well as contemporary fieldwork to trace transformations in the region’s built environment from the sixteenth century to today. With each chapter focusing on a particular spatial paradigm in this dynamic process, this book uncovers the manifold and inventive ways in which actors strategically adapted the built environment to adjust to changing cultural and economic circumstances. In parallel, it highlights the ways that these spaces were rhetorically constructed and exploited by foreign observers and local agents. Enmeshed in the history of slavery, colonialism, and the modern construction of race, the spatial dynamics of the Biafran region have not been geographically delimited. The central thesis of this volume is that these spaces of entanglement have been productive sites of Black identity formation involving competing and overlapping interests, occupying multiple positions and temporalities, and ensnaring real, imagined, and sometimes contradictory aims. This book will be of interest to researchers and students of architecture, architectural history, urban geography, African studies, and Atlantic studies.
