Download or read book Bench scale Investigation of Composting for Remediation of Explosives contaminated Soils from Iowa Army Ammunition Plant Middletown Iowa written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bench Scale Investigation of Composting for Remediation of Explosives Contaminated Soils from Iowa Army Ammunition Plant Middletown Iowa written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bench-scale compost and radiolabeled studies were conducted at the U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (WES) and at the University of Minnesota to evaluate the reduction of explosives contaminated soil at Iowa Army Ammunition Plant. The goal of the study was to evaluate and to select the best combination of amendments, contaminated soils, and bulking agents to be utilized in the compost technology for remediation of explosives contaminated soils. The respirometric test was utilized as a screening tool to provide a general indication of biological activity within eight compost mixtures. The bench-scale compost reactor test was to extend the respirometric study by evaluating the applicability of the screened compost mixtures. The radiolabeled study was to provide insight into the apparent degradation of the explosive contaminant during the composting process. The respirometer results showed that cow manure and corn stalk (Mixture 3) and swine manure and corn stalk (Mixture 4) mixtures outperformed the other mixtures. Mixture 3 showed the best biodegradation rate; Mixture 4 showed the best respiration rate, while its biodegradation rate falls approximately within the middle of the eight treatments. Therefore, Mixtures 3 and 4 were advanced to the bench-scale composting test. The bench-scale composting study validated the explosive removal capacity of Mixtures 3 and 4. Mixture 3 temperature reached the mesophilic range (40 0C), while Mixture 4 temperature reached the thermophilic range (50 0C). The compost mixtures returned to ambient temperature after 10 days of composting.
Download or read book Bench scale Investigation of Composting for Remediation of Explosives contaminated Soils from Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Indiana written by Kurt T. Preston and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production and handling of conventional munitions have resulted in the generation of explosives-contaminated soils at various military installations. The principal explosive contaminants are 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro- 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7- tetrazocine (HMX). The Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC), Crane, Indiana, provides material and logistic support to the Navy's weapon systems, including expendable and nonexpendable ordnance items. As the complexity of weapons increased, the facility became more involved in the technical aspects of weaponry through the development of test methods, procedures, and equipment, while the facility's basic mission remained the same. Because of the potential for groundwater contamination, and the subsequent migration of explosives, treatment of the explosive-contaminated soils at several sites at the NSWC is necessary to protect the environment and avoid costly actions in the future. Incineration and composting are demonstrated technologies for the remediation of explosives-contaminated soils. However, incineration is publicly undesirable and economically infeasible for remediation of small sites. Composting was the selected technology to be evaluated for the remediation of the explosives-contaminated soils at NSWC.
Download or read book Characterization of Explosives Processing Waste Decomposition Due to Composting U written by W. H. Griest and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Approaches for the Remediation of Federal Facility Sites Contaminated with Explosive Or Radioactive Wastes written by Edwin Barth and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994-12 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview of technical issues related to remediating soil & ground water contaminated with explosive & radioactive wastes at federal facility sites. Covers a range of sampling approaches & treatment technologies, both those that have been successfully demonstrated & applied & those that have not yet been successfully implemented. Includes operation of the technology; applications at the laboratory, bench, pilot, or field scale; & advantages & limitations of the technology. Over 100 charts, tables & drawings.
Download or read book Results of a Microbial Weathering Study of Composted Explosives Contaminated Soil Obtained from the Umatilla Army Depot Activity Umatilla Oregon written by M. Broder and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the interim results (September 1996 through September 1998) of a Microbial Weathering Study conducted to determine if composted explosives-contaminated soil would leach explosives or explosive by-products. The three-year study was conducted using compost produced during the remediation of an explosives-contaminated site at the U.S. Army's Umatilla Army Depot Activity at Umatilla, Oregon. This compost was shipped to the Tennessee Valley Authority's Environmental Research Facility in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, where the study was conducted. At this juncture, two years' worth of data have been collected. The report concludes that the compost had not leached TNT, but had leached as much as 31.5 and 26.4 ppb of HMX and RDX, respectively. These results suggest that these explosives were not fully mineralized. However, the concentrations leached were well below the state of Oregon's action limit of 30 ppm.
Download or read book Field Demonstration of a Surfactant Enhanced Soil Slurry Bioreactor Technology for the Remediation of Explosives Contaminated Soil written by Mark L. Hampton and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological treatment of explosives- contaminated soil is currently of interest to the U.S. Department of Defense. Composting is a fully implemented technology capable of removing explosives from soil cost-effectively. The biological and chemical reactions occurring during composting remove 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), octahydro- 1,3,5,7-tetranitro- 1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), and hexahydro- l,3,5-trinitro-l,3,5-triazine (RDX), leaving no intermediates. Over the past several years, various groups have examined the use of soil slurry reactors to degrade explosives in soil. Several years of laboratory study have culminated in a pilot demonstration at the Joliet Army Ammunition Plant (JAAP), Joliet, Illinois. Laboratory and field studies (Manning et al., 1995) have demonstrated that TNT, HMX, and RDX can be biologically degraded with molasses as a cosubstrate. Waterways Experiment Station has conducted experiments examining the impact of surfactants on enhancing the degradation of explosives in a slurry reactor. These studies have been encouraging in batch reactor situations. The laboratory studies examined many different surfactants and determined that polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) is the most cost-effective. In addition, Tween 80 can be purchased commercially as a food-grade compound, eliminating regulatory concerns. The laboratory studies also investigated the different concentrations of surfactant in the reactor. The operating conditions were periods of aerobic conditions (with measurable dissolved oxygen), followed by periods of anoxic conditions (with no measurable dissolved oxygen but significant concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, and sulfate). The laboratory studies led to the development of a pilot-scale system to investigate the performance of soil slurry reactors with surfactant enhancement under field conditions. The pilot study at JAAP ran for almost six months. (This was an extension of a previous pilot study conducted at JAAP.) For this work.
Download or read book Results of a Microbial Weathering Study of Composted Explosives Contaminated Soil Obtained from the Umatilla Army Depot Actvity Hermiston Oregon Second Phase Testing September 1998 September 1999 written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the results of the third and final year (September 1998 through September 1999) of a Microbial Weathering Study conducted to determine if composted explosives-contaminated soil would leach explosives or explosive by-products. The study was conducted using compost produced during the remediation of an explosives-contaminated site at the U.S. Army's Umatilla Army Depot Activity at Hermiston, Oregon. This compost was shipped to the Tennessee Valley Authority's Environmental Research Facility in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, where the study was conducted. The results of the third year of the study confirmed the results of the first two years of the study and these were that no TNT or TNT breakdown products were leached from the compost but as much as 31.5 and 26.4 ppb of HMX and RDX, respectively, were leached. These results suggest that HMX and RDX were not fully mineralized in the composting process. However, the concentrations leached were well below the state of Oregon's action limit of 30 ppm. Analysis of compost revealed that TNB was the only explosive breakdown product remaining in the compost after being weathered three years. Concentrations of TNB in the compost were less than 0.5 ppm. The results of the first two years (September1996 - September1998) of the Microbial Weathering Study are provided in USAEC Report No. SFlM-AEC-ET-CR-98042.
Download or read book Bioremediation of Explosives contaminated Soil by Bacteria Isolated from the Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant in Minden Louisiana written by Brandon Michael Clark and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Low temperature Effects on Systems for Composting of Explosives contaminated Soils written by Olufemi A. Ayorinde and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Windrow Composting of Explosives Contaminated Soil at Umatilla Army Depot Activity Technology Application Analysis written by Weston (roy f) inc west chester pa and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This analysis covers a field demonstration of windrow composting to biodegrade explosives-contaminated soils. The demonstration was conducted from January 1992 to January 1993 to provide information for a full-scale remedial design.
Download or read book Composting Explosives Organics Contaminated Soils written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objectives of this study were to determine if sediment contaminated with TNT, RDX, HMX, and tetryl from Louisiana AAP, soil contaminated with nitrocellulose from Badger AAP, and soil contaminated with TCE from Letterkenny AD can be decontaminated using composting. Laboratory studies were conducted using 14 C-tracers to evaluate contaminated breakdown in two types of compost (hay-horse feed and sewage sludge-wood chips) with contaminated sediment from these Army installations added as 10, 18, and 25% of the compost dry mass. Results indicated that the Louisiana AAP sediment at high rates of addition had a detrimental effect on the breakdown of explosives. Tetryl breakdown was not strongly affected by sediment loading; greater than 90% loss of tetryl occurred in all treatment after 44 days of composting. HMX breakdown was relatively slow. Nitrocellulose degradation was unaffected by sediment loading rates and decontamination of the Badger AAP soil appeared to be complete within 4 weeks. Pilot-scale composting tests were conducted using 500 gallon self-sustaining composts. Breakdown of explosives in sewage sludge composts amended with 16% Louisiana AAP sediment was insignificant. A third mixture of compost materials (manure-hay-saw dust) amended with 12% Louisiana AAP sediment was tested.
Download or read book Characterization of Explosives Processing Waste Decomposition Due to Composting Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this work was to provide data and methodology assisting the transfer and acceptance of composting technology for the remediation of explosives-contaminated soils and sediments. Issues and activities addressed included: (a) chemical and toxicological characterization of compost samples from new field composting experiments, and the environmental availability of composting efficiency by isolation of bacterial consortia and natural surfactants from highly efficient composts, and (c) improved assessment of compost product suitability for land application.
Download or read book Incineration of explosive contaminated soil as a means of site remediation Technical rept Army Biomedical Research and Development Lab Fort Detrick MD written by M. A. Major and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Explosives written by Catherine A. Axtell and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Screening of Alternative Technologies to Incineration for Treatment of Chemical agent contaminated Soil written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal (RMA) Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study, RMA has contracted Argonne National Laboratory to investigate potential remedial alternatives for the cleanup of agent-contaminated soils. The chemical agents of concern include levinstein mustard, lewisite, sarin, and VX. This investigation has been initially divided into three phases: (1) a literature search to determine what, if any, previous studies have been conducted; (2) a technologies-screening critique of remedial technologies as alternatives to incineration; and (3) an investigation of promising alternatives on RMA soil at the laboratory and bench-scale levels. This paper summarizes the document produced as a result of the technologies screening. The purpose of the document was to determine the applicability of 25 technologies to remediation of agent-contaminated soil for a general site. Technologies were critiqued on the basis of applicability to soil type, applicability to the agents of concern at RMA, applicability to other types of contaminants, cost of the treatment, current status of the technology, and residuals produced.
