Download or read book Behdini Grammar Reference Cards 5th Edition written by Şirîn and published by . This book was released on 2011-12-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a part of the "N Roj" Language Learning Series by The Washington, D.C. Kurdish Language & Culture Institute
Download or read book Sorani Grammar Reference Cards 3rd Edition Latin Script written by Şirîn and published by . This book was released on 2006-12-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Cognitive Linguistics View of Terminology and Specialized Language written by Pamela Faber and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-07-04 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the importance of Cognitive Linguistics for specialized language within the context of Frame-based Terminology (FBT). FBT uses aspects of Frame Semantics, coupled with premises from Cognitive Linguistics to structure specialized domains and create non-language-specific knowledge representations. Corpus analysis provides information regarding the syntax, semantics, and pragmatics of specialized knowledge units. Also studied is the role of metaphor and metonymy in specialized texts. The first section explains the purpose and structure of the book. The second section gives an overview of basic concepts, theories, and applications in Terminology and Cognitive Linguistics. The third section explains the Frame-based Terminology approach. The fourth section explores the role of contextual information in specialized knowledge representation as reflected in linguistic contexts and graphical information. The final section highlights the conclusions that can be derived from this study.
Download or read book An Introductory English Grammar written by Norman C. Stageberg and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pragmatic Competence written by Naoko Taguchi and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009-09-04 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the disciplines of applied linguistics and second language acquisition (SLA), the study of pragmatic competence has been driven by several fundamental questions: What does it mean to become pragmatically competent in a second language (L2)? How can we examine pragmatic competence to make inference of its development among L2 learners? In what ways do research findings inform teaching and assessment of pragmatic competence? This book explores these key issues in Japanese as a second/foreign language. The book has three sections. The first section offers a general overview and historical sketch of the study of Japanese pragmatics and its influence on Japanese pedagogy and curriculum. The overview chapter is followed by eight empirical findings, each dealing with phenomena that are significant in Japanese pragmatics. They target selected features of Japanese pragmatics and investigate the learners' use of them as an indicator of their pragmatic competence. The target pragmatic features are wide-ranging, among them honorifics, speech style, sentence final particles, speech acts of various types, and indirect expressions. Each study explicitly prompts the connection between pragmalinguistics (linguistic forms available to perform language functions) and sociopragmatics (norms that determine appropriate use of the forms) in Japanese. By documenting the understanding and use of them among learners of Japanese spanning multiple levels and time durations, this book offers insight about the nature and development of pragmatic competence, as well as implications for the learning and teaching of Japanese pragmatics. The last section presents a critical reflection on the eight empirical papers and prompts a discussion of the practice of Japanese pragmatics research.
Download or read book FERHENGA BIR SK Kurmanji English Dictionary Volume One A L written by Michael L. Chyet and published by Transnational Press London. This book was released on 2020-01-07 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ferhenga Biruski is the go-to dictionary for Kurmanji a dialect of Kurdish spoken originally in parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey while also being common among a large diaspora of Kurds in Europe, North America and elsewhere. This comprehensive Kurmanji-English dictionary is prepared in two volumes by Michael L. Chyet, a renowned linguist with extensive knowledge of the major dialects of Kurdish. This dictionary is an essential reference source for linguists and others interested in Kurdish language and people. "The second edition of my Kurmanji-English dictionary, which I would like to call “Ferhenga Birûskî” to honor the memory of my beloved friend and colleague Birûsk Tugan, contains considerably more entries, and in many cases offers fuller information on earlier entries. In addition, I have found and corrected several typographical errors. Moreover, it is to be accompanied by a companion English to Kurdish volume. [...] It is my goal to accurately reflect the language as it exists today, providing variant spellings, synonyms, and regional usage, as well as etymologies. The late Iranist D.N. MacKenzie advised me early on to avoid filling my dictionary with “ghost words”. He suggested that I base all the entries in my dictionary on texts (both written and orally generated), to ensure that I am reflecting the language as it is used by its speakers. The earlier dictionaries include words of unknown provenance, which may have no existence outside those pages." - Excerpt from the Introduction by Michael L. Chyet Preface by Deniz Ekici Introduction to Ferhenga Birûskî Review of Kurdish Dictionaries How to use the dictionary Abbreviations Abbreviations of Sources Used in Compiling this Dictionary Sources for Linguistic Comparison Place of Origin of Informants Calendar Systems Dictionary A to L
Download or read book Factors in a Theory of Poetic Translating written by Robert de Beaugrande and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1978-01-01 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Arapaho Language written by Andrew Cowell and published by University Press of Colorado. This book was released on 2011-05-18 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arapaho Language is the definitive reference grammar of an endangered Algonquian language. Arapaho differs strikingly from other Algonquian languages, making it particularly relevant to the study of historical linguistics and the evolution of grammar. Andrew Cowell and Alonzo Moss Sr. document Arapaho's interesting features, including a pitch-based accent system with no exact Algonquian parallels, radical innovations in the verb system, and complex contrasts between affirmative and non-affirmative statements. Cowell and Moss detail strategies used by speakers of this highly polysynthetic language to form complex words and illustrate how word formation interacts with information structure. They discuss word order and discourse-level features, treat the special features of formal discourse style and traditional narratives, and list gender-specific particles, which are widely used in conversation. Appendices include full sets of inflections for a variety of verbs. Arapaho is spoken primarily in Wyoming, with a few speakers in Oklahoma. The corpus used in The Arapaho Language spans more than a century of documentation, including multiple speakers from Wyoming and Oklahoma, with emphasis on recent recordings from Wyoming. The book cites approximately 2,000 language examples drawn largely from natural discourse - either recorded spoken language or texts written by native speakers. With The Arapaho Language, Cowell and Moss have produced a comprehensive document of a language that, in its departures from its nearest linguistic neighbors, sheds light on the evolution of grammar.
Download or read book Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb written by Johnny Cheung and published by Leiden Indo-European Etymologi. This book was released on 2007 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work gives a critical survey of all verbs attested in Proto-Iranian based on its descendants. It is accompanied by a critical analysis of the morphology and provenance
Download or read book The Last Speakers written by K. David Harrison and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2010-09-21 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part travelogue and part scientist's notebook, The Last Speakers is the poignant chronicle of author K. David Harrison's expeditions around the world to meet with last speakers of vanishing languages. The speakers' eloquent reflections and candid photographs reveal little-known lifeways as well as revitalization efforts to teach disappearing languages to younger generations. Thought-provoking and engaging, this unique book illuminates the global language-extinction crisis through photos, graphics, interviews, traditional wisdom never before translated into English, and first-person essays that thrillingly convey the adventure of science and exploration.
Download or read book The Transmission of the Avesta written by Alberto Cantera and published by Harrassowitz. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Avesta is a collection of liturgical texts considered as their sacred book by the Zoroastrian community. It contains the recitatives of the Zoroastrian liturgies still celebrated in the 17th century, some of them even celebrated until today. The texts integrated in these ceremonies were composed in different places and at different times, and transmitted orally for centuries. The exact date of the fixation of the ceremonies in the shape in which they are presented in the manuscripts and the creation of the different manuscripts is unknown. But today it is proven that even after the creation of the first manuscripts, the transmission of these liturgical texts was the result of a complicated process in which not only the process of copying manuscripts but also the ritual practice and the ritual teaching were involved. The only deep analysis of the written transmission of the Avesta was made by K. F. Geldner as Prolegomena to his edition of the Avesta. Since then, many new manuscripts have appeared. In Poets, Priests, Scribes and Librarians contributions by the main experts in the transmission of the Avesta are gathered: the oral transmission, the fixation of the different collections, the first writing down, and the manuscripts. Special interest is devoted to the manuscripts. Some contributions of the volume were presented at the correspondent colloquium held in Salamanca, September 2009; others were added in order to make of the volume a comprehensive work on the different aspects of the Avestan transmission.
Download or read book Digging for the Treasure written by Ronnie Apter and published by Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers. This book was released on 1984 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reveals just how greatly Ezra Pound has influenced the translation of poetry in the twentieth century. Illustrating with translations from Latin, Old and Middle English, Old Provençal, and Medieval French, Ms. Apter surveys what is new in the work of contemporary translators. She also gathers the scholarship on Pound's challenges to Victorian translation into a single study. «The translator, » Pound said, «can show where the treasure lies.» Ms. Apter demonstrates that contemporary poet-translators are busy excavating.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Court Interpretation written by Roseann Dueñas Gonzalez and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores court interpreting from legal, linguistic, and pragmatic vantages. Because of the growing use of interpreters, there is an increasing demand for guidelines on how to utilize them appropriately in court proceedings, and this book provides guidance for the judiciary, attorneys, and other court personnel while standardizing practice among court interpreters themselves. The new edition of the book, which has become the standard reference book worldwide, features separate guidance chapters for judges and lawyers, detailed information on title VI regulations and standards for courts and prosecutorial agencies, a comprehensive review of U.S. language policy, and the latest findings of research on interpreting.
Download or read book Iranica Diversa written by D. N. MacKenzie and published by ISIAO. This book was released on 1999 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perspectives on Variation written by Nicole Delbecque and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The significant advances witnessed over the last years in the broad field of linguistic variation testify to a growing convergence between sociolinguistic approaches and the somewhat older historical and comparative research traditions. Particularly within cognitive and functional linguistics, the evolution towards a maximally dynamic approach to language goes hand in hand with a renewed interest in corpus research and quantitative methods of analysis. Many researchers feel that only in this way one can do justice to the complex interaction of forces and factors involved in linguistic variability, both synchronically and diachronically. The contributions to the present volume illustrate the ongoing evolution of the field. By bringing together a series of analyses that rely on extensive corpuses to shed light on sociolinguistic, historical, and comparative forms of variation, the volume highlights the interaction between these subfields. Most of the contributions go back to talks presented at the meeting of the Societas Linguistica Europaea held in Leuven in 2001. The volume starts with a global typological view on the sociolinguistic landscape of Europe offered by Peter Auer. It is followed by a methodological proposal for measuring phonetic similarity between dialects designed by Paul Heggarty, April McMahon, and Robert McMahon. Various papers deal with specific phenomena of socially and conceptually driven variation within a single language. For Dutch, José Tummers, Dirk Speelman, and Dirk Geeraerts analyze inflectional variation in Belgian and Netherlandic Dutch, Reinhild Vandekerckhove focuses on interdialectal convergence between West-Flemish urban dialects, and Arjan van Leuvensteijn studies competing forms of address in the 17th century Dutch standard variety. The cultural and conceptual dimension is also present in the diachronic lexicosemantic explorations presented by Heli Tissari, Clara Molina, and Caroline Gevaert for English expressions referring to the experiential domains of love, sorrow and anger, respectively: the history of words is systematically linked up with the images they convey and the evolving conceptualizations they reveal. The papers by Heide Wegener and by Marcin Kilarski and Grzegorz Krynicki constitute a plea against arbitrariness of alternations at the level of nominal morphology: dealing with marked plural forms in German, and with gender assignment to English loanwords in the Scandinavian languages, respectively, their distributional accounts bring into the picture a variety of motivating factors. The four cross-linguistic studies that close the volume focus on the differing ways in which even closely related languages exploit parallel morphosyntactic patterns. They share the same methodological concern for combining rigorous parametrization and quantification with conceptual and discourse-functional explanations. While Griet Beheydt and Katleen Van den Steen confront the use of formally defined competing constructions in two Germanic and two Romance languages, respectively, Torsten Leuschner as well as Gisela Harras and Kirsten Proost analyze how a particular speaker's attitude is expressed differently in various Germanic languages.
Download or read book Endangered Iranian Languages written by Saloumeh Gholami and published by Dr Ludwig Reichert. This book was released on 2018-07-11 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many languages that are spoken today in Iran will fall silent in the near future. A large number of these languages and dialects have never been recorded or described. Many are at risk of falling out of use as their speakers die or members of younger generations shift to speaking different languages. The speed of these developments has increased dramatically over the past century. Furthermore, since language is closely linked to culture, when a community loses its language, it also loses a great deal of its cultural heritage and early history, including traditions of ceremonies, rituals, myths, poetry, songs, humor, habits, and oratory. These traditions and cultural habits are frequently replaced by the habits of the dominant community. This edited volume brings together work by theoretical linguists and field linguists who share a strong commitment to the scientific documentation and investigation of endangered Iranian languages. Five chapters of this volume represent the contributors' findings on endangered Iranian languages and dialects found both inside Iran as well as in other countries. Their work deals with a variety of topics, ranging from documentation methods to aspects of philology, morphology, phonology, syntax, and dialectology.
Download or read book Military Occupational Classification and Structure written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
