Download or read book Behaviour of Composite Floor Systems in Fire written by Anthony Kwabena Abu and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Behaviour and Design of Composite Floor Systems in Fire written by Neil John Kirkwood Cameron and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern composite steel frame structures possess a high degree of redundancy. This allows them to survive extreme fires without collapse as there are many alternative loadpaths which can be used to transfer load away from the fire affected part of the structure as demonstrated in the Broadgate fire. Subsequent tests carried out on the Cardington frame showed that it was not necessary to apply fire protection to all steel beams. It was possible to leave selected secondary beams without fire protection. In the event of a fire this results in large deflections due to thermal expansion and material degradation, however, in a fire where servicability requirements do not need to be met this is acceptable so long as life safety is ensured. The weakening beams and large deflections result in a change in the load transfer mechanism with load being carried through tensile membrane action in the slab. This thesis presents a method for calculating the membrane load capacity of composite floor slabs in fire. Extensive numerical modelling at the University of Edinburgh has shown that the temperature distribution through a structural member greatly effects the deflection and pattern of internal stresses and strains. Theoretical solutions were produced to calculate the structural response of laterally restrained beams and plates subject to thermal loads. The theoretical deflections and internal forces were shown to compare well with those from numerical models. To determine the membrane load capacity of concrete floor slabs in fire a three-stage design method was developed. Initially the temperature distribution through the slab was calculated for the design fire. From this the deflection of the slab and resulting stress and strain distributions in the steel reinforcement due to the thermal loads were calculated for the design fire. From this the deflection of the slab and resulting stress and strain distributions in the steel reinforcement due to thermal loads were calculated using equations from the theory developed previously. Failure of the slab was defined based on a limiting value of mechanical strain in the reinforcement, this strain corresponded to a limiting deflection. The load capacity of the slab at the limiting deflection was calculated using an energy method. When compared against results from numerical models the ultimate load capacity was shown to be accurately predicted. None of the fire test carried out on the Cardington structure reached failure. Although demonstrating the inherent strength of such buildings this was also a major short coming as it was not possible to define the point of failure. the design method developed was used to calculate the membrane laod capacity of four of the six Cardington tests. All four tests were shown to have had a significant reserve capacity with none being close to failure.

Download or read book Connections of Steel and Composite Structures Under Natural Fire Conditions COSSFIRE written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Study of Thermal Behavior of a Composite Floor System in Standard Fire Resistance Tests written by Dilip Banerjee and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fire Resilience of a Steel concrete Composite Floor System written by Lisa Choe and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Institute of Standards and Technology is currently conducting a series of large compartment fire tests to investigate the behavior and fire-induced failure mechanisms of the full-scale composite floor systems situated in the two-story and two-bays by three-bays structural steel frame. This report presents the research background, details of experimental design involved with the two-story test building, and the results from the first fire experiment (Test #1) conducted at the National Fire Research Laboratory. The Test #1 was aimed to quantify the fire resistance and behavior of a steel composite floor system commonly built in the United States, incorporating prescriptive approaches for a 2-hour fire resistance rating. The 9.1 m 6.1 m test floor assembly built in the middle edge bay in the floor plan of the test building was tested to failure under a natural gas fueled compartment fire simulating the standard furnace temperature-time relationship while sustaining hydraulically applied mechanical loads. This study showed that the protected floor beams and girders of the test floor assembly achieved matching or superior fire resistance based on the acceptance criteria of standard furnace testing. However, the test floor slab exhibited a potential fire hazard prior to reaching a specified fire rating period because of the use of a minimum code-compliant shrinkage reinforcement (59 mm2/m). The heated slab cracked around the interior edges of the test bay less than 30 min into heating, followed by slab breach in the middle of the test bay at 70 min. This center breach, accompanied by ruptures of embedded wire reinforcement, was caused by catenary action developed along the shorter span of the test floor assembly. This result suggests that the minimum slab reinforcement prescribed for normal conditions may not be sufficient to activate tensile membrane action of a composite floor system under the 2-hour standard fire exposure.

Download or read book Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas written by Federico Mazzolani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-12-03 with total page 1667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas comprises the latest progress in both theoretical and experimental research on the behaviour of steel structures in seismic areas. The book presents the most recent trends in the field of steel structures in seismic areas, with particular reference to the utilisation of multi-level performance bas

Download or read book Structures in Fire written by Venkatesh Kodur and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2010 with total page 1047 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Behavious of Composite Floor Systems in Fire written by Anthony Kwabena Abu and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Structural Design for Fire Safety written by Andrew H. Buchanan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-30 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural Design for Fire Safety, 2nd edition Andrew H. Buchanan, University of Canterbury, New Zealand Anthony K. Abu, University of Canterbury, New Zealand A practical and informative guide to structural fire engineering This book presents a comprehensive overview of structural fire engineering. An update on the first edition, the book describes new developments in the past ten years, including advanced calculation methods and computer programs. Further additions include: calculation methods for membrane action in floor slabs exposed to fires; a chapter on composite steel-concrete construction; and case studies of structural collapses. The book begins with an introduction to fire safety in buildings, from fire growth and development to the devastating effects of severe fires on large building structures. Methods of calculating fire severity and fire resistance are then described in detail, together with both simple and advanced methods for assessing and designing for structural fire safety in buildings constructed from structural steel, reinforced concrete, or structural timber. Structural Design for Fire Safety, 2nd edition bridges the information gap between fire safety engineers, structural engineers and building officials, and it will be useful for many others including architects, code writers, building designers, and firefighters. Key features: • Updated references to current research, as well as new end-of-chapter questions and worked examples. •Authors experienced in teaching, researching, and applying structural fire engineering in real buildings. • A focus on basic principles rather than specific building code requirements, for an international audience. An essential guide for structural engineers who wish to improve their understanding of buildings exposed to severe fires and an ideal textbook for introductory or advanced courses in structural fire engineering.

Download or read book Fire Resilience of a Steel concrete Composite Floor System written by Lisa Choe and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Institute of Standards and Technology is currently conducting a series of large compartment fire tests to investigate the behavior and fire-induced failure mechanisms of the full-scale composite floor assemblies with the two-story steel gravity frame, two bays by three bays in plan. This report presents the experimental design and results from the second fire experiment (Test #2) conducted at the National Fire Research Laboratory. The Test #2 was aimed to investigate the influence of the slab reinforcement on the structural integrity of the 9.1 m 6.1 m steel-concrete composite floor subjected to combined mechanical loads and compartment fire exposure. The fire test bay was situated on the ground floor in the middle edge bay of the two-story test building. The floor slab in the test bay was reinforced with the No.3 deformed bars placed 30 cm on center (230 mm2/m). The test floor was hydraulically loaded to 2.7 kPa to mimic the code-prescribed gravity loads for fire conditions. The natural gas burners created a peak gas temperature exceeding 1100 C below the test floor. The test fire lasted about 131 min, but the hydraulic loading was not removed until the test floor cooled down over 2 hours. This experimental study confirmed that the steel reinforcement played a vital role in maintaining the integrity of the composite floor under prolonged compartment fire exposure. The mid-panel vertical displacement increased at a rate less than 1 mm/ C as the protected steel beams were heated to 850 C on average. The peak vertical displacement of the test slab was recorded 475 mm surpassing the displacement limit prescribed in the standard fire test. Although the test slab developed extensive surface cracks, it successfully contained the test fire underneath while sustaining the imposed loads simultaneously. The test floor retained the post-fire flexural strength exceeding 90 % of the ambient design strength of the composite secondary beam prior to fire exposure. The experimental results presented in this report can be used for validation of predictive models to perform parametric studies incorporating the variability in the steel reinforcement scheme (area, spacing, and material) for safer and cost-effective composite floor construction for fire safety.

Download or read book Cyclic Behavior of Composite Floor Systems in Eccentrically Braced Frames written by James M. Ricles and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Composites for Construction written by Lawrence C. Bank and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-07-21 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first textbook on the design of FRP for structural engineering applications Composites for Construction is a one-of-a-kind guide to understanding fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) and designing and retrofitting structures with FRP. Written and organized like traditional textbooks on steel, concrete, and wood design, it demystifies FRP composites and demonstrates how both new and retrofit construction projects can especially benefit from these materials, such as offshore and waterfront structures, bridges, parking garages, cooling towers, and industrial buildings. The code-based design guidelines featured in this book allow for demonstrated applications to immediately be implemented in the real world. Covered codes and design guidelines include ACI 440, ASCE Structural Plastics Design Manual, EUROCOMP Design Code, AASHTO Specifications, and manufacturer-published design guides. Procedures are provided to the structural designer on how to use this combination of code-like documents to design with FRP profiles. In four convenient sections, Composites for Construction covers: * An introduction to FRP applications, products and properties, and to the methods of obtaining the characteristic properties of FRP materials for use in structural design * The design of concrete structural members reinforced with FRP reinforcing bars * Design of FRP strengthening systems such as strips, sheets, and fabrics for upgrading the strength and ductility of reinforced concrete structural members * The design of trusses and frames made entirely of FRP structural profiles produced by the pultrusion process

Download or read book Development and Behaviour of a New Long span Composite Floor System written by Florian Bodensiek and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the concept behind a new long-span composite floor system and the experimental and numerical verification of that concept. Externally, the floor looks like a nine-metre-long double-Tee floor with hanger systems at its supports, but with unusually thin ribs. Internally, a new load-carrying system has been developed, using a centrally placed perforated light-gauge steel sheet. By providing a continuous medium for internal force transfer, the steel sheet offers some significant advantages over conventional shear reinforcement. It is envisaged that the floor unit would be produced as a precast, top-hung element that can be installed with top of concrete level on deforming supports and with no requirement for a topping slab. Experimental testing has verified the constructability and behaviour of three 4.5-metrelong floor specimens, built in accordance with the proposed concept. Causes of premature failure in the first test were reviewed and the floor concept improved for the following tests, although it is envisaged that further improvements could be made before the concept was commercialised. The tests showed that the steel sheet, which was perforated with holes to improve the connection to the concrete, was able to replace common stirrups and generate full composite action with the surrounding concrete. A first-principles theoretical model has been developed and implemented in the form of Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, using the "solver" add-in for optimisation purposes. Different stress-strain curves for the concrete's behaviour under tension have been modelled and investigated, based on the results of small-scale material tests. Incorporating the concrete material model to theoretical models of the experimental floor test specimens have been developed which showed good agreement with the load-deflection curves observed in the large-scale experimental testing, especially in the test in which the failure mode matched that on which the theoretical model was based. To model the floor behaviour more accurately than the theoretical model could achieve, including more precise modelling of the actual experimental support condition, a numerical model was constructed using Abaqus finite-element software. The results closely supported the outcome of experimental testing and theoretical modelling. The research demonstrated that the proposed floor type is viable and suggests further topics of research and testing that would be required prior to commercial implementation.

Download or read book Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete IV written by Jerome F. Hajjar and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection contains 85 papers presented at the Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete IV Conference, held in Banff, Alberta, Canada, May 28-June 2, 2000.

Download or read book Fire Properties of Polymer Composite Materials written by A. P. Mouritz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-30 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first to deal with the important topic of the fire behaviour of fibre reinforced polymer composite materials. The book covers all of the key issues on the behaviour of composites in a fire. Also covered are fire protection materials for composites, fire properties of nanocomposites, fire safety regulations and standards, fire test methods, and health hazards from burning composites.

Download or read book Design and Analysis of Tall and Complex Structures written by Feng Fu and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2018-02-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design of tall buildings and complex structures involves challenging activities, including: scheme design, modelling, structural analysis and detailed design. This book provides structural designers with a systematic approach to anticipate and solve issues for tall buildings and complex structures. This book begins with a clear and rigorous exposition of theories behind designing tall buildings. After this is an explanation of basic issues encountered in the design process. This is followed by chapters concerning the design and analysis of tall building with different lateral stability systems, such as MRF, shear wall, core, outrigger, bracing, tube system, diagrid system and mega frame. The final three chapters explain the design principles and analysis methods for complex and special structures. With this book, researchers and designers will find a valuable reference on topics such as tall building systems, structure with complex geometry, Tensegrity structures, membrane structures and offshore structures. Numerous worked-through examples of existing prestigious projects around the world (such as Jeddah Tower, Shanghai Tower, and Petronas Tower etc.) are provided to assist the reader’s understanding of the topic Provides the latest modelling methods in design such as BIM and Parametric Modelling technique Detailed explanations of widely used programs in current design practice, such as SAP2000, ETABS, ANSYS, and Rhino Modelling case studies for all types of tall buildings and complex structures, such as: Buttressed Core system, diagrid system, Tube system, Tensile structures and offshore structures etc.

Download or read book The Plastic Behaviour of Composite Floor Systems in Relation to Multi storey Structures written by R. J. Majed and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: