Download or read book Misbehaving The Making of Behavioral Economics written by Richard H. Thaler and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2015-05-11 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics Get ready to change the way you think about economics. Nobel laureate Richard H. Thaler has spent his career studying the radical notion that the central agents in the economy are humans—predictable, error-prone individuals. Misbehaving is his arresting, frequently hilarious account of the struggle to bring an academic discipline back down to earth—and change the way we think about economics, ourselves, and our world. Traditional economics assumes rational actors. Early in his research, Thaler realized these Spock-like automatons were nothing like real people. Whether buying a clock radio, selling basketball tickets, or applying for a mortgage, we all succumb to biases and make decisions that deviate from the standards of rationality assumed by economists. In other words, we misbehave. More importantly, our misbehavior has serious consequences. Dismissed at first by economists as an amusing sideshow, the study of human miscalculations and their effects on markets now drives efforts to make better decisions in our lives, our businesses, and our governments. Coupling recent discoveries in human psychology with a practical understanding of incentives and market behavior, Thaler enlightens readers about how to make smarter decisions in an increasingly mystifying world. He reveals how behavioral economic analysis opens up new ways to look at everything from household finance to assigning faculty offices in a new building, to TV game shows, the NFL draft, and businesses like Uber. Laced with antic stories of Thaler’s spirited battles with the bastions of traditional economic thinking, Misbehaving is a singular look into profound human foibles. When economics meets psychology, the implications for individuals, managers, and policy makers are both profound and entertaining. Shortlisted for the Financial Times & McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award

Download or read book Behavioral Economic Method Predicts How Employee Influences written by Johnny Ch LOK and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can apply behavioral economy method raises basic stable income consumer consumption desireEconomists aim to develop models of human behavior and interactions in consumption markets. But consumers behave in complex ways, such as how to predict consumers to make rational decisions in consumption processes. Moreover, self-consumption control and motivation can vary significantly across different individual consumer.In order to build useful consumption prediction models, economists make simplifying assumptions, aims to predict how to raise stable basic income consumer target group consumption more success. However, behavioral economy method is one kind of accurate consumption prediction method. It can be applied to predict economic decision-making to every consumer consumption choice more accurate raising whose consumption desire?I shall indicate how to apply different behavioral economy methods to raise stable basic stable income target consumer group consumption desire in these different consumption situation ( consumption environment) aspects as below:1.Stable basic stable income consumer group consumption great or small amount desireThe consumption of products and services is a fundamental part of consumer's welfare. Basically, every one who has stable basic stable income, who will like to consume any products and services. Even, consumption great or small amount desire won't be depended on whether the person whose income is more or less. It means low income level of people will still like to consume great amount to buy expensive products or consume expensive services, because consumption is human's part of life and basic needs. This stable basic income people will like to consume, because they have stable income source when they do not worry about unemployment occurrence to cause them have no enough money to support their life. Otherwise, non-stable basic stable income people won't like to consume because they feel they have no stable basic income source to support their life and they will worry about unemployment occurrence any time. Hence, stable basic income people will have more consumption desire to compare non-stable basic stable income people in any countries usually. Behavioral economic method indicates they feel their economic benefits will be loss if they planned to buy any products or consume any services easily. So, they prefer to save money in bank more than consumption.

Download or read book Behavioral Economic Raises Student Interest Learning written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter TwoSuccessful persuasive teaching method can raise student individuallearning behaviorCan teachers apply behavioral economic method to raise student individual learning behavior? Behavioral economic method is explained by psychology and other disciplines to create models of limits on rationality, willpower and self-interest. Although, economic professionals believe it can be applied to predict consumer behavior. But, how any why can it be applied to raise student personal interest to learn new knowledg in education industry aspect? This is one valuable research question. If it can be appled to eduational psychology aspect to raise student individual learning interesting influentially, educators ought need to learn to how to do in order to persuade student indivudal has more interest to learn in anywhere schools or homes or libraries in habitually persuasively. I shall explain some possible educational psychological methods as below: When one student discovered that learning will bring much tangible and intangible benefits to infulence his/her career development in the future. For example, he/she can find good jobs, earn more salaries, raise the high class social positon, build personal successgul image or raise satisfactory feeling, raise social competitive effort in job market etc. different economic related benefits or non economic related benefits both. Then, the teacher or the school will have possible to persuade whose students to raise learning interest when they choose to learn in the school.How to let the student to feel the school can give good economic related or non-economic related benefits to satisfy the student future career plan successful development need persuasively and attractively?

Download or read book Save More Tomorrow written by Shlomo Benartzi and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2012-04-12 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the world’s top experts in behavioral finance offers innovative strategies for improving 401(k) plans. Half of Americans do not have access to a retirement saving plan at their workplace. Of those who do about a third fail to join. And those who do join tend to save too little and often make unwise investment decisions. In short, the 401(k) world is in crisis, and workers need help. Save More Tomorrow provides that help by focusing on the behavioral challenges that led to this crisis inertia, limited self-control, loss aversion, and myopia—and transforms them into behavioral solutions. These solutions, or tools, are based on cutting edge behavioral finance research and they can dramatically improve outcomes by, for example, helping employees: -Save, even if they aren’t ready to do so now, by using future enrollment. -Save more by showing them images of their future selves. -Save smarter by reshuffling the order of funds on the investment menu. Save More Tomorrow is the first comprehensive application of behavioral finance to improve retirement outcomes. It also makes it easy for plan sponsors and their advisers to apply these behavioral tools using its innovative Behavioral Audit process.

Download or read book Behavioral Economic Method Predicts Consumer And written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-05 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can bonus method encourage service performance to be raised ?In service job nature of bonus method can also raise employees' overall productivities or service performance. For example, when employees got a provisional bonus before the start of the workweek, but were warned that they would lose it on payday, unless they achieve the productivities or excellent service performance norm, they worked more productivities or let many clients to satisfy their service performance. Hence, managers can achieve bonus plan to compensate any excellent productivity or excellent services to them. Then, they can let clients to feel their service performance more satisfactory than employees of a control group who were merely given the standard promise to receive a bonus upon achieving the norm.The effort was relatively small, however, productivity grew 1%. Interestingly, the effect of a loss was stronger when how teams were rewarded this way, social pressure came to bear on the less productivity team members. When the team members won't earn any bonus. So, long-term productivity gains were achieved through bonuses paid by excellent performance compensation method to compare to low service performance employees receiving no bonuses at all.Economic views of human motivation natureThere are only two main types of economic actors and by making simplifying assumptions about how these types of actors behave and interact. The two basic sets of actors in this model are firms, which are assumed in this model are firms, which are assumed to maximize their profits from producing and selling products and services, households, which are assumed to maximize their utility ( or satisfaction) from consuming products and services.It seems any employees will choose to do behaviors to achieve to earn much benefits from their organizations. The models of economic behaviors that consider considerate employees' choice of goals, the actions they take to achieve these goals and the limitations and influences that affect their choices and actions.For university students choose which universities to study case, suppose that any college enrollment students are deciding which courses to study. Thus, it implies that if the university can provide many different kinds of suitable or right courses to any college enrollment students to choose to study. It means that if the university can provide many different kinds of courses to enrollment students to choose to study. Then, it will have much chance to attract enrollment students to choose this university to study. It's competition can be raised by many courses choice factor. but, in fact, it is not absolute right, although the university can provide many courses to provide to enrollment students to choose to study. But, it is not guarantee to represent it must attract many students to enroll this university to study. For example, suppose that college enrollment students are deciding which courses to choose to study. Although, it has right course to prepare to these enrollment students to choose to study. But, they see a summary of evaluations from hundreds of other students indicating that a certain course is very good in this university. Then, suppose that they match a video interview of just one student to give a negative review of this university of the course. Even when students were told in advance that such a negative review was worse to this university of the course. They tended to be more influenced by the negative review than the summary of hundreds of evaluations, even although such behavior seems irrational. Hence, although many right courses choice has much chance to attract students to enroll this university to study. But, if its bad educational quality from this course from negative review factor, which will influence the enrollment students number to be reduced.

Download or read book Behavioral Economic Method Raises Student Interest Learning written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-03-08 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The school teachers can allocate time periods they intend for their students to be engaged in learning activities as well as they can arrange transition time allocated for learning activities. For example, getting students assembled and attentive, assigning reading and directing to begin, getting students' attention away from reading and preparing for class discussion in their schools.The transition is allocated time to teacher individual behavioral goal is to increase the variety of learning activities, but to decrease transition time, student engagement and non-task behaviors are dependent on how smoothly and efficiently to teachers more from one learning activity to another.Therefore, teacher has withitness if when classroom discipline problems occue, the teache consistently takes action to solve the misbehavior of exactly those students who do in classrooms, when two discipline problems arise as the same time, the teacher can deal with the more serious first. The teacher can decisively handle instances of off- task behavior before the behaviors either set out of hand or are modeled by others. When handling misbehavior makes sure all students learn what is unacceptable about that behavior, deal with misbehavior without disrupting the learning activity.2.Classroom rules for student individual behavioral conduct. Formalized statements that provide students with general guidelines for the types of behaviors that are require and the types that are prohibited a few rules are easier to remember than many rules, each rule in a small set of rules is more important than each rule in a large set of rules.Why do need necessary classroom rules of conduct? It aims to maximize on -task behaviors and minimize off-task ( esp, discuptive) behaviors, secures the safety and comfort of the learning environment, prevents the activities of the class from disturbing other classes, establish an learning environment in which achieving specified learning goals takes priority over other concerns in classrooms, be particularly prepared and organized to minimize transition time and utilizes a communication style that establishing non-threatening, comfortable environment to let students to learn in classrooms. Other components of disclosure statement include: basis course outline, grading procedures, include procedures for making up missed work, extra credit homework expected etc., attendance policies should be consistent with school policy, other class rules, policies procedures, safety considerations as necessary, accommodation for disabilities statement, signature of student and parent / guardian. Therefore, classroom rules can influence how student individual chooses to do whose learning conduct or behavior, even improving their learning attidude in classrooms. Classroom rules are the best method fo influence every student how to choose to do whose learning behaviors in classroom in order to earn the most effective learning benefits for themselves.Finally, I shall discuss how to apply behavioral economic mehod to raise student learning interest at classrooms?

Download or read book Advances in Behavioral Economics written by Colin F. Camerer and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-12 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty years ago, behavioral economics did not exist as a field. Most economists were deeply skeptical--even antagonistic--toward the idea of importing insights from psychology into their field. Today, behavioral economics has become virtually mainstream. It is well represented in prominent journals and top economics departments, and behavioral economists, including several contributors to this volume, have garnered some of the most prestigious awards in the profession. This book assembles the most important papers on behavioral economics published since around 1990. Among the 25 articles are many that update and extend earlier foundational contributions, as well as cutting-edge papers that break new theoretical and empirical ground. Advances in Behavioral Economics will serve as the definitive one-volume resource for those who want to familiarize themselves with the new field or keep up-to-date with the latest developments. It will not only be a core text for students, but will be consulted widely by professional economists, as well as psychologists and social scientists with an interest in how behavioral insights are being applied in economics. The articles, which follow Colin Camerer and George Loewenstein's introduction, are by the editors, George A. Akerlof, Linda Babcock, Shlomo Benartzi, Vincent P. Crawford, Peter Diamond, Ernst Fehr, Robert H. Frank, Shane Frederick, Simon Gächter, David Genesove, Itzhak Gilboa, Uri Gneezy, Robert M. Hutchens, Daniel Kahneman, Jack L. Knetsch, David Laibson, Christopher Mayer, Terrance Odean, Ted O'Donoghue, Aldo Rustichini, David Schmeidler, Klaus M. Schmidt, Eldar Shafir, Hersh M. Shefrin, Chris Starmer, Richard H. Thaler, Amos Tversky, and Janet L. Yellen.

Download or read book An Introduction to Behavioral Economics written by Nick Wilkinson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-12-16 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of this successful textbook is a comprehensive, rigorous survey of the major topics in the field of behavioral economics. Building on the strengths of the second edition, it offers an up-to-date and critical examination of the latest literature, research, developments and debates in the field. Offering an inter-disciplinary approach, the authors incorporate psychology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience into the discussions. And, ultimately, they consider what it means to be 'rational', why we so often indulge in 'irrational' and self-harming behavior, and also why 'irrational' behavior can sometimes serve us well. A perfect book for economics students studying behavioural economics at higher undergraduate level or Master's level. This new edition features: - Extended material on heuristics and biases, and new material on neuroeconomics and its applications - A wealth of new topical case studies, such as voting behavior in Brexit and the Trump election and the current obesity epidemic - More examples and review questions to help cement understanding

Download or read book Behavioral Economic Method Solves Organizational Consumption and Productivity Challenges written by Johnny Ch LOK and published by . This book was released on 2018-05-17 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book divides two sections. First section, I shall concentrate on explaining how to apply behavioral economic method. Such as, whether can apply behavioral economic method to raise productivity, service performance in organizations and predict consumer individual emotion in consumption market. I write this book aims to explain whether behavioral economy methods can be attempted to solve how to raise productivities challenge in organizational sitations as well as how to predict consumption behaviors challenges. In chapter one, I shall explain how to apply behavioral economic method to preidct normal basic income consumption client group's habitual spending behavior as well as how to apply behavioral economic method to predict how labor market changing behavior and predict when labor market changes will occur in order to solve shortage of labor or job supply shortage challeges. I shall explain how can apply behavioral economy method raises basic stable income consumer consumption desire. I shall explain behavioral economy method to explain what is the mean of basic stable income consumption great of small amount desire, how to apply life-cycle advertisement method to predict of consumer behavior, and explain how to apply behavioral economy method to raise electricity consumption from electricity user individual habit I shall explain how to apply behavioral economic method to build consumer confidence is as a predictor of consumption spending. I shall also explain what confidence in consumption survey means and I shall apply behavioral economy method to explain how and why to apply survey to gather data in consumption market. It can measure how much degree of confidence of overall clients to the brand of product or service as well as how to build consumer confidence to buy the brand of product or consume the brand of service as well as I shall also explain what a confidence indicator means and how to apply confidence indicator to predict how many potential consumers will choose to buy the brand of product or consume the brand of service. I shall explain how to apply behavioral economy methods to influence employee individual psychology to achieve to raise productivity of long term incentive invention. I shall apply behavioral economy method to explain why increasing salary is short term incentive productivity method,how to improve the design of incentive structures to encourage productivities organizations, how to build employees and managers kindly co-operational relationship method, explain whether bonus method can encourage service performance to be raised as well as how to apply behavioral economy method to explain how to predict human motivation natural behaviors. In the final, I shall apply behavioral economic method to explain that why under-level productive efficiency is not represent low production number to the manufacturer as well as low-consumption desire is not represent less consumer demands or customers lose confidence to the product. This book secion two provides good marketing strategies for first year science business administration students to study. I write this book which concerns sample of large companies case studies. I shall apply marketing theoretical bases which are often borrowed from the disciplines of economics and psychology to give opinions to solve these large companies' problems. Practical application of theory is provided through case studies. This book tries not to present prescriptive solutions to marketing problems, but encourages discussion about causes and effects.

Download or read book Choice Behavioral Economics and Addiction written by Rudolph Eugene Vuchinich and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-11-13 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Choice, Behavioural Economics and Addiction is about the theory, data, and applied implications of choice-based models of substance use and addiction. The distinction between substance use and addiction is important, because many individuals use substances but are not also addicted to them. The behavioural economic perspective has made contributions to the analysis of both of these phenomena and, while the major focus of the book is on theories of addiction, it is necessary also to consider the behavioural economic account of substance use in order to place the theories in their proper context and provide full coverage of the contribution of behavioural economics to this field of study. The book discusses the four major theories of addiction that have been developed in the area of economic science/behavioural economics. They are: . hyperbolic discounting . melioration . relative addiction . rational addiction The main objective of the book is to popularise these ideas among addiction researchers, academics and practitioners. The specific aims are to articulate the shared and distinctive elements of these four theories, to present and discuss the latest empirical work on substance abuse and addiction that is being conducted in this area, and to articulate a range of applied implications of this body of work for clinical, public health and public policy initiatives. The book is based on an invitation-only conference entitled, Choice, Behavioural Economics and Addiction: Theory, Evidence and Applications held at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, March 30 - April 1, 2001. The conference was attended by prominent scientists and scholars, representing a range of disciplines concerned with theories of addiction and their consequences for policy and practice. The papers in the book are based on the papers given at the above conference, together with commentaries by distinguished experts and, in many cases, replies to these comments by the presenters.

Download or read book Behavioral Economics written by Masao Ogaki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended as a textbook for a course in behavioral economics for advanced undergraduate and graduate students who have already learned basic economics. The book will also be useful for introducing behavioral economics to researchers. Unlike some general audience books that discuss behavioral economics, this book does not take a position of completely negating traditional economics. Its position is that both behavioral and traditional economics are tools that have their own uses and limitations. Moreover, this work makes clear that knowledge of traditional economics is a necessary basis to fully understand behavioral economics. Some of the special features compared with other textbooks on behavioral economics are that this volume has full chapters on neuroeconomics, cultural and identity economics, and economics of happiness. These are distinctive subfields of economics that are different from, but closely related to, behavioral economics with many important overlaps with behavioral economics. Neuroeconomics, which is developing fast partly because of technological progress, seeks to understand how the workings of our minds affect our economic decision making. In addition to a full chapter on neuroeconomics, the book provides explanations of findings in neuroeconomics in chapters on prospect theory (a major decision theory of behavioral economics under uncertainty), intertemporal economic behavior, and social preferences (preferences that exhibit concerns for others). Cultural and identity economics seek to explain how cultures and people’s identities affect economic behaviors, and economics of happiness utilizes measures of subjective well-being. There is also a full chapter on behavioral normative economics, which evaluates economic policies based on findings and theories of behavioral economics.

Download or read book The Foundations of Behavioral Economic Analysis written by Sanjit Dhami and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taken from the first definitive introduction to behavioral economics, The Foundations of Behavioral Economic Analysis: Other-Regarding Preferences is an authoritative and cutting edge guide to this essential topic for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students. It considers the evidence from experimental games on human sociality, and gives models and applications of inequity aversion, intention based reciprocity, conditional cooperation, human virtues, and social identity. This updated extract from Dhami's leading textbook allows the reader to pursue subsections of this vast and rapidly growing field and to tailor their reading to their specific interests in behavioural economics.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Work Engagement Motivation and Self Determination Theory written by Marylene Gagne PhD and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-09 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-determination theory is a theory of human motivation that is being increasingly used by organizations to make strategic HR decisions and train managers. It argues for a focus on the quality of workers' motivation over quantity. Motivation that is based on meaning and interest is showed to be superior to motivation that is based on pressure and rewards. Work environments that make workers feel competent, autonomous, and related to others foster the right type of motivation, goals, and work values. The Oxford Handbook of Work Motivation, Engagement, and Self-Determination Theory aims to give current and future organizational researchers ideas for future research using self-determination theory as a framework, and to give practitioners ideas on how to adjust their programs and practices using self-determination theory principles. The book brings together self-determination theory experts and organizational psychology experts to talk about past and future applications of the theory to the field of organizational psychology. The book covers a wide range of topics, including: how to bring about commitment, engagement, and passion in the workplace; how to manage stress, health, emotions and violence at work; how to encourage safe and sustainable behavior in organizations; how factors like attachment styles, self-esteem, person-environment fit, job design, leadership, compensation, and training affect work motivation; and how work-related values and goals are forged by the work environment and affect work outcomes.

Download or read book How Behavioral Economic Method Explains And Predicts written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to improve the design of incentive structures to encourage productivities in any organizations?Any monetary incentive can only encourage productivities in short term. It can not only encourage productivities in long term in any organizations. It is similar to cheap or discount product price can only attractive consumers to buy the product in short term, it can not attract consumers to choose to buy the product in long term, it prefers to have more options to encourage labors to incentive productivities, e.g. investing good beneficial retirement plans. Suggesting that employees do not have free disposal of their investment options. These standard incentives seem irrelevant raising salary monetary factor, they can be quite effective in inducing labors to take particular actions to incentive productivities in long term. Due to when they can hard work, then they have more beneficial retirement plans or investing plans for their retirement. It means when they can achieve the most effective or efficient productivities to the employer for long term. It will give better retirement benefits and investment benefits to the better or even the best performance of employees. Otherwise, the worst performance employees won't earn good retirement benefits and investment benefits, when their employers feel their perform very poor in the organizations in long term.Hence, increasing salary level method is not one successful long term incentive method to persuade every employee to raise productivities or encourage excellent performance optional method. Increasing salary level is only similar to reduce product price and it is only short term encouragement to consumption or productivities method.In conclusion, extrinsic monetary factor can not incentive labor's raising productivities more than every employee themselves intrinsic motivation to raise productivities as excellent performance in any organizations. Thus, organizations need to let employees to feel that they can give long term economic benefits to encourage their intrinsic motivation effort to be raised their productivities or performance more effective or efficient in order to achieve long term both win-win economic benefits to employees and employers both.

Download or read book Behavioral Economic Method Explains And Predicts written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I shall indicate how to apply different behavioral economy methods to raise stable basic stable income target consumer group consumption desire in these different consumption situation ( consumption environment) aspects as below:1.Stable basic stable income consumer group consumption great or small amount desireThe consumption of products and services is a fundamental part of consumer's welfare. Basically, every one who has stable basic stable income, who will like to consume any products and services. Even, consumption great or small amount desire won't be depended on whether the person whose income is more or less. It means low income level of people will still like to consume great amount to buy expensive products or consume expensive services, because consumption is human's part of life and basic needs. This stable basic income people will like to consume, because they have stable income source when they do not worry about unemployment occurrence to cause them have no enough money to support their life. Otherwise, non-stable basic stable income people won't like to consume because they feel they have no stable basic income source to support their life and they will worry about unemployment occurrence any time. Hence, stable basic income people will have more consumption desire to compare non-stable basic stable income people in any countries usually. Behavioral economic method indicates they feel their economic benefits will be loss if they planned to buy any products or consume any services easily. So, they prefer to save money in bank more than consumption.1.Demand systems and micro-economic factor influence basic income people consumption attitudeWhy stable basic income people will like to consume?

Download or read book Behavioral Economic Method Solves Consumption and Productivity written by Johnny Ch LOK and published by . This book was released on 2018-12-29 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to apply behavioral economy methods to influence employee individual psychology to achieve raise productivity of long term incentive intention?Increasing salary is short term incentive productivity method. Behavioral economy assumes labors will choose to do beneficial behaviors to themselves when they feel their work behaviors can earn more benefits to themselves more than their employers in the organizations. Otherwise, if they feel their work behaviors can earn more benefits to their employers more than themselves. Then, they won't choose to do their work behaviors, e.g. raising productivities or work hard. Due to they feel work hard or raise productivities behaviors that only give more benefits to their employers more themselves. Whether does cheap product price incentive consumption desire to influence effective consumption behavior? Whether is monetary increasing salary payment incentive labors might be willing to work on task? I feel raising labors productivities is similar to raise incentive consumption, which both have similar point, such as increasing salary payment or cheap product price is the main factor to influence incentive consumption or raising productivities. Hence, it seems monetary factor is not the main effort to encourage labors to work hard.In labor's behavioral economic view point, for example, if an employer pays an employee more doing a task, who might be less willing to work on it, who might be less productive given whose efforts and who may enjoy the task less. If you want your employees to save more for retirement. You may want to give them fewer investment options. If you want them to engage more in a task, you might want offer them an additional alternative, instead of increasing salary to that task. Thus, increasing salary is not only method to encourage productivities of incentives.How to improve the design of incentive structures to encourage productivities in any organizations?Any monetary incentive can only encourage productivities in short term. It can not only encourage productivities in long term in any organizations. It is similar to cheap or discount product price can only attractive consumers to buy the product in short term, it can not attract consumers to choose to buy the product in long term, it prefers to have more options to encourage labors to incentive productivities, e.g. investing good beneficial retirement plans. Suggesting that employees do not have free disposal of their investment options. These standard incentives seem irrelevant raising salary monetary factor, they can be quite effective in inducing labors to take particular actions to incentive productivities in long term. Due to when they can hard work, then they have more beneficial retirement plans or investing plans for their retirement. It means when they can achieve the most effective or efficient productivities to the employer for long term. It will give better retirement benefits and investment benefits to the better or even the best performance of employees. Otherwise, the worst performance employees won't earn good retirement benefits and investment benefits, when their employers feel their perform very poor in the organizations in long term.Hence, increasing salary level method is not one successful long term incentive method to persuade every employee to raise productivities or encourage excellent performance optional method. Increasing salary level is only similar to reduce product price and it is only short term encouragement to consumption or productivities method.

Download or read book Behavioral Economics and Public Health written by Christina A. Roberto and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2016 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavioral economics has potential to offer novel solutions to some of today's most pressing public health problems: How do we persuade people to eat healthy and lose weight? How can health professionals communicate health risks in a way that is heeded? How can food labeling be modified to inform healthy food choices? Behavioral Economics and Public Health is the first book to apply the groundbreaking insights of behavioral economics to the persisting problems of health behaviors and behavior change. In addition to providing a primer on the behavioral economics principles that are most relevant to public health, this book offers details on how these principles can be employed to mitigating the world's greatest health threats, including obesity, smoking, risky sexual behavior, and excessive drinking. With contributions from an international team of scholars from psychology, economics, marketing, public health, and medicine, this book is a trailblazing new approach to the most difficult and important problems of our time.