Download or read book Bearings only Tracking Automation for a Single Unmanned Underwater Vehicle written by Danica Lee Middlebrook and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unmanned underwater vehicles have various missions within civilian, military and academic sectors. They have the ability to explore areas unavailable to manned assets and to perform duties that are risky to humans. In particular, UUVs have the ability to perform bearings-only tracking in shallow areas near shorelines. This thesis presents a guidance algorithm for this particular mission. This thesis first presents a Modified Polar Extended Kalman Filter for the estimation problem. Bearings-only tracking is a nonlinear problem that requires some sort of estimator to determine the target state. The guidance algorithm is developed based on the relative positions of the observer and the target. In order to develop the guidance algorithm, the effectiveness of a variety of course maneuvers are presented. The effectiveness of these maneuvers are analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The results from this analysis is incorporated into the final guidance algorithm. This thesis also evaluates the developed guidance algorithm through a series of simulation experiments. The experiments explore a variety of scenarios by varying speed, geometry and acoustic environment. The results of the experiments are analyzed based on estimation errors and detection time. The final conclusions indicate that some of the geometries are more favorable than others. In addition, the degree of noise in the acoustic environment affects the range of the UUV's sensors and the UUV's ability to perform bearings-only tracking for an extended period of time. In addition, the desired speed ratio is one in which the observer is either the same speed as or slower than the target.

Download or read book Autonomous Underwater Vehicles written by Jing Yan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-01 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are emerging as a promising solution to help us explore and understand the ocean. The global market for AUVs is predicted to grow from 638 million dollars in 2020 to 1,638 million dollars by 2025 – a compound annual growth rate of 20.8 percent. To make AUVs suitable for a wider range of application-specific missions, it is necessary to deploy multiple AUVs to cooperatively perform the localization, tracking and formation tasks. However, weak underwater acoustic communication and the model uncertainty of AUVs make achieving this challenging. This book presents cutting-edge results regarding localization, tracking and formation for AUVs, highlighting the latest research on commonly encountered AUV systems. It also showcases several joint localization and tracking solutions for AUVs. Lastly, it discusses future research directions and provides guidance on the design of future localization, tracking and formation schemes for AUVs. Representing a substantial contribution to nonlinear system theory, robotic control theory, and underwater acoustic communication system, this book will appeal to university researchers, scientists, engineers, and graduate students in control theory and control engineering who wish to learn about the core principles, methods, algorithms, and applications of AUVs. Moreover, the practical localization, tracking and formation schemes presented provide guidance on exploring the ocean. The book is intended for those with an understanding of nonlinear system theory, robotic control theory, and underwater acoustic communication systems.

Download or read book Demonstration of Passive Acoustic Detection and Tracking of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles written by Kristen Elizabeth Railey and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In terms of national security, the advancement of unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) technology has transformed UUVs from tools for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance and mine countermeasures to autonomous platforms that can perform complex tasks like tracking submarines, jamming, and smart mining. Today, they play a major role in asymmetric warfare, as UUVs have attributes that are desirable for less-established navies. They are covert, easy to deploy, low-cost, and low-risk to personnel. The concern of protecting against UUVs of malicious intent is that existing defense systems fall short in detecting, tracking, and preventing the vehicles from causing harm. Addressing this gap in technology, this thesis is the first to demonstrate passively detecting and tracking UUVs in realistic environments strictly from the vehicle’s self-generated noise. This work contributes the first power spectral density estimate of an underway micro-UUV, field experiments in a pond and river detecting a UUV with energy thresholding and spectral filters, and field experiments in a pond and river tracking a UUV using conventional and adaptive beamforming. The spectral filters resulted in a probability of detection of 96% and false alarms of 18% at a distance of 100 m, with boat traffic in a river environment. Tracking the vehicle with adaptive beamforming resulted in a 6.2±5.7 ∘ absolute difference in bearing. The principal achievement of this work is to quantify how well a UUV can be covertly tracked with knowledge of its spectral features. This work can be implemented into existing passive acoustic surveillance systems and be applied to larger classes of UUVs, which potentially have louder identifying acoustic signatures.

Download or read book Algorithmic Foundation of Robotics VII written by Srinivas Akella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-10 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algorithms are a fundamental component of robotic systems: they control or reason about motion and perception in the physical world. They receive input from noisy sensors, consider geometric and physical constraints, and operate on the world through imprecise actuators. The design and analysis of robot algorithms therefore raises a unique combination of questions in control theory, computational and differential geometry, and computer science. This book contains the proceedings from the 2006 Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics. This biannual workshop is a highly selective meeting of leading researchers in the field of algorithmic issues related to robotics. The 32 papers in this book span a wide variety of topics: from fundamental motion planning algorithms to applications in medicine and biology, but they have in common a foundation in the algorithmic problems of robotic systems.

Download or read book Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in Passive Acoustic Detection Localization and Tracking Applied to Unmanned Underwater Vehicles written by Kristen Railey Kita and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detection, classification, localization, and tracking (DCLT) of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) in the presence of shipping traffic is a critical task for passive acoustic harbor security systems. In general, vessels can be tracked by their unique acoustic signature due to machinery vibration and cavitation noise. However, cavitation noise of UUVs is considerably quieter than ships and boats, making detection significantly more challenging. In this thesis, I demonstrated that it is possible to passively track a UUV from its highfrequency motor noise using a stationary array in shallow-water experiments with passing boats. First, causes of high frequency tones were determined through direct measurements of two UUVs at a range of speeds. From this analysis, common and dominant features of noise were established: strong tones at the motor’s pulse-width modulated frequency and its harmonics. From the unique acoustic signature of the motor, I derived a high-precision, remote sensing method for estimating propeller rotation rate. In shallow-water UUV field experiments, I demonstrated that detecting a UUV from motor noise, in comparison to broadband noise from the vehicle, reduces false alarms from 45% to 8.4% for 90% true detections. Beamforming on the motor noise, in comparison to broadband noise, improved the bearing accuracy by a factor of 3.2×. Because the signal is also high-frequency, the Doppler effect on motor noise is observable and I demonstrate that range rate can be measured. Furthermore, measuring motor noise was a superior method to the “detection of envelope modulation on noise” algorithm for estimating the propeller rotation rate. Extrapolating multiple measurements from the motor signature is significant because Bearing-Doppler-RPM measurements outperform traditional bearing-Doppler target motion analysis. In the unscented Kalman filter implementation, the tracking solution accuracy for bearing, bearing rate, range, and range rate improved by a factor 2.2×, 15.8×, 3.1×, and 6.2× respectively. These findings are significant for improving UUV localization and tracking, and for informing the next-generation of quiet UUV propulsion systems.

Download or read book Index to IEEE Publications written by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advancing Autonomous Systems written by Bradley Martin and published by . This book was released on 2018-12 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Safe Robot Navigation Among Moving and Steady Obstacles written by Andrey V. Savkin and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2015-09-25 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safe Robot Navigation Among Moving and Steady Obstacles is the first book to focus on reactive navigation algorithms in unknown dynamic environments with moving and steady obstacles. The first three chapters provide introduction and background on sliding mode control theory, sensor models, and vehicle kinematics. Chapter 4 deals with the problem of optimal navigation in the presence of obstacles. Chapter 5 discusses the problem of reactively navigating. In Chapter 6, border patrolling algorithms are applied to a more general problem of reactively navigating. A method for guidance of a Dubins-like mobile robot is presented in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 introduces and studies a simple biologically-inspired strategy for navigation a Dubins-car. Chapter 9 deals with a hard scenario where the environment of operation is cluttered with obstacles that may undergo arbitrary motions, including rotations and deformations. Chapter 10 presents a novel reactive algorithm for collision free navigation of a nonholonomic robot in unknown complex dynamic environments with moving obstacles. Chapter 11 introduces and examines a novel purely reactive algorithm to navigate a planar mobile robot in densely cluttered environments with unpredictably moving and deforming obstacles. Chapter 12 considers a multiple robot scenario. For the Control and Automation Engineer, this book offers accessible and precise development of important mathematical models and results. All the presented results have mathematically rigorous proofs. On the other hand, the Engineer in Industry can benefit by the experiments with real robots such as Pioneer robots, autonomous wheelchairs and autonomous mobile hospital. - First book on collision free reactive robot navigation in unknown dynamic environments - Bridges the gap between mathematical model and practical algorithms - Presents implementable and computationally efficient algorithms of robot navigation - Includes mathematically rigorous proofs of their convergence - A detailed review of existing reactive navigation algorithm for obstacle avoidance - Describes fundamentals of sliding mode control

Download or read book Autonomous Vehicles in Support of Naval Operations written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-08-05 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have been used in military operations for more than 60 years, with torpedoes, cruise missiles, satellites, and target drones being early examples.1 They have also been widely used in the civilian sector-for example, in the disposal of explosives, for work and measurement in radioactive environments, by various offshore industries for both creating and maintaining undersea facilities, for atmospheric and undersea research, and by industry in automated and robotic manufacturing. Recent military experiences with AVs have consistently demonstrated their value in a wide range of missions, and anticipated developments of AVs hold promise for increasingly significant roles in future naval operations. Advances in AV capabilities are enabled (and limited) by progress in the technologies of computing and robotics, navigation, communications and networking, power sources and propulsion, and materials. Autonomous Vehicles in Support of Naval Operations is a forward-looking discussion of the naval operational environment and vision for the Navy and Marine Corps and of naval mission needs and potential applications and limitations of AVs. This report considers the potential of AVs for naval operations, operational needs and technology issues, and opportunities for improved operations.

Download or read book Estimation with Applications to Tracking and Navigation written by Yaakov Bar-Shalom and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-04-05 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expert coverage of the design and implementation of state estimation algorithms for tracking and navigation Estimation with Applications to Tracking and Navigation treats the estimation of various quantities from inherently inaccurate remote observations. It explains state estimator design using a balanced combination of linear systems, probability, and statistics. The authors provide a review of the necessary background mathematical techniques and offer an overview of the basic concepts in estimation. They then provide detailed treatments of all the major issues in estimation with a focus on applying these techniques to real systems. Other features include: * Problems that apply theoretical material to real-world applications * In-depth coverage of the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) estimator * Companion DynaEst(TM) software for MATLAB(TM) implementation of Kalman filters and IMM estimators * Design guidelines for tracking filters Suitable for graduate engineering students and engineers working in remote sensors and tracking, Estimation with Applications to Tracking and Navigation provides expert coverage of this important area.

Download or read book Bayesian Multiple Target Tracking Second Edition written by Lawrence D. Stone and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition has undergone substantial revision from the 1999 first edition, recognizing that a lot has changed in the multiple target tracking field. One of the most dramatic changes is in the widespread use of particle filters to implement nonlinear, non-Gaussian Bayesian trackers. This book views multiple target tracking as a Bayesian inference problem. Within this framework it develops the theory of single target tracking, multiple target tracking, and likelihood ratio detection and tracking. In addition to providing a detailed description of a basic particle filter that implements the Bayesian single target recursion, this resource provides numerous examples that involve the use of particle filters. With these examples illustrating the developed concepts, algorithms, and approaches -- the book helps radar engineers develop tracking solutions when observations are non-linear functions of target state, when the target state distributions or measurement error distributions are not Gaussian, in low data rate and low signal to noise ratio situations, and when notions of contact and association are merged or unresolved among more than one target.

Download or read book Household Service Robotics written by Yangsheng Xu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-12-05 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Copyright ©2015 Zhejiang University Press, Published by Elsevier Inc. Household Service Robotics is a collection of the latest technological advances in household service robotics in five main areas: robot systems, manipulation, navigation, object recognition, and human-robot interaction. The book enables readers to understand development s and apply them to their own working areas, including: - Robotic technologies for assisted living and elderly care - Domestic cleaning automation - Household surveillance - Guiding systems for public spaces Service robotics is a highly multidisciplinary field, requiring a holistic approach. This handbook provides insights to the disciplines involved in the field as well as advanced methods and techniques that enable the scale-up of theory to actual systems. It includes coverage of functionalities such as vision systems, location control, and HCI, which are important in domestic settings. - Provides a single source collection of the latest development in domestic robotic systems and control - Covers vision systems, location control, and HCI, important in domestic settings - Focuses on algorithms for object recognition, manipulation, human-robot interaction, and navigation for household robotics

Download or read book Bayesian Estimation and Tracking written by Anton J. Haug and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-29 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical approach to estimating and tracking dynamic systems in real-worl applications Much of the literature on performing estimation for non-Gaussian systems is short on practical methodology, while Gaussian methods often lack a cohesive derivation. Bayesian Estimation and Tracking addresses the gap in the field on both accounts, providing readers with a comprehensive overview of methods for estimating both linear and nonlinear dynamic systems driven by Gaussian and non-Gaussian noices. Featuring a unified approach to Bayesian estimation and tracking, the book emphasizes the derivation of all tracking algorithms within a Bayesian framework and describes effective numerical methods for evaluating density-weighted integrals, including linear and nonlinear Kalman filters for Gaussian-weighted integrals and particle filters for non-Gaussian cases. The author first emphasizes detailed derivations from first principles of eeach estimation method and goes on to use illustrative and detailed step-by-step instructions for each method that makes coding of the tracking filter simple and easy to understand. Case studies are employed to showcase applications of the discussed topics. In addition, the book supplies block diagrams for each algorithm, allowing readers to develop their own MATLAB® toolbox of estimation methods. Bayesian Estimation and Tracking is an excellent book for courses on estimation and tracking methods at the graduate level. The book also serves as a valuable reference for research scientists, mathematicians, and engineers seeking a deeper understanding of the topics.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Robotics written by Marcelo H. Ang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-13 with total page 4000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Robotics addresses the existing need for an easily accessible yet authoritative and granular knowledge resource in robotic science and engineering. The encyclopedia is a work that comprehensively explains the scientific, application-based, interactive and socio-ethical parameters of robotics. It is the first work that explains at the concept and fact level the state of the field of robotics and its future directions. The encyclopedia is a complement to Springer’s highly successful Handbook of Robotics that has analyzed the state of robotics through the medium of descriptive essays. Organized in an A-Z format for quick and easy understanding of both the basic and advanced topics across a broad spectrum of areas in a self-contained form. The entries in this Encyclopedia will be a comprehensive description of terms used in robotics science and technology. Each term, when useful, is described concisely with online illustrations and enhanced user interactivity (on SpringerReference.com).

Download or read book Sonar and Underwater Acoustics written by Jean-Paul Marage and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-07 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sonar and Underwater Acoustics brings together all the concepts necessary for designers and users of sonar systems. Unlike other books on this subject, which are often too specialized, this book is accessible to a wider audience. The first part focuses on the acoustic environment, antenna structures, and electric acoustic interface. The latter provides knowledge required to design, as well as the development and implementation of chain processes for an active sonar from the conditioning input to output processing. The reader will find a comprehensive range of all problems encountered in underwater acoustics for a sonar application, from physical phenomena governing the environment and the corresponding constraints, through to the technical definition of transducers and antennas, and the types of signal processing involved. In one section, measures in underwater acoustics are also proposed.