Download or read book BARIATRIC SURGERY THE ROLE OF INTESTINAL VERSUS GASTRIC MECHANISMS IN THE REGULATION OF DIETARY INTAKE BODY WEIGHT AND METABOLISM written by Majella O'Keeffe and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physiological changes underlying the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery are unclear, particularly whether patientsu2019 improved dietary intake after surgery is an effect of weight loss or of the surgery itself. Few studies looked at dietary and metabolic changes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Additionally, the differential impact of each type of bariatric surgery on improving eating behaviors and quality of life has received comparatively little attention.This study aims to investigate the impact of RYGB and SG on dietary intake, quality of life, appetite/satiety, perception of meal size energy homeostasis and body composition. These types of surgeries were chosen because of their district involvement in parts of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (gastric vs intestinal). Thus, understanding the physiologic mechanism of different parts of the GI tract in humans.The study will consist of three different groups, including prospective group (pre-surgery to 12 months post-surgery), cross-sectional long-term group (3-5 years post-surgery), and a normal-weight control group. Patients will be asked to write a 3-day food diary, complete Eating-Disorder-Examination-Questionnaire, 36-Item-Short-Form-Health-Survey, and Impact-of-Weight-on-Quality-of-Life-Questionnaire and have their body measures. Blood samples will be collected to measure Ghrelin, PYY3-36, and GLP-1. Resting energy expenditure will be estimated by indirect calorimetry. Appetite/satiety will be measured by visual analogue scales and perception of meal size will be assessed by an invitation to an open buffet.Knowledge gained from this study will offer further understanding of the mechanisms that lead to post-surgical long-term weight maintenance. This could have impacts on the improvement of nutritional health in the clinical management of surgical patients. Studies on the impact of bariatric surgeries on dietary intake and metabolism are important in improving the understanding of the GI mechanism.
Download or read book Gut Hormones written by Stephen Robert Bloom and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Endocrinology of the Gut written by Frank P. Brooks and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects and Mechanisms of Bariatric Surgery written by Hilary Wilson-Pérez and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With obesity now reaching epidemic proportions, and the associated health risks and economic burden, effective weight loss strategies are critical. Currently, the only highly-effective, long-term treatment for obesity is weight-reduction bariatric surgery. Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), the most commonly-performed bariatric surgery, decreases stomach capacity and bypasses part of the small intestine, re-routing the flow of nutrients. Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG), a newer and lesser-known procedure, involves removal of approximately 80 percent of the stomach, and does not manipulate the intestine. VSG is rapidly gaining in popularity due to its safety and positive outcomes regarding weight loss, glycemic control, and other metabolic endpoints. Despite the broad success of bariatric surgery, we understand remarkably little about how these procedures actually produce their potent effects. One thing we know is that patients who undergo bariatric surgery frequently change their eating behavior after surgery. In particular, after RYGB, humans and rodents select or prefer foods which are lower in fat content. We investigated whether a bariatric surgical procedure limited to the stomach, VSG, causes a similar reduction of fat intake/preference. We found that VSG-operated rats decreased their intake of fat in several diet choice paradigms, and that this change in food choice is comparable to the changes induced by RYGB. One candidate to mediate the effects of VSG on food choice and other metabolic outcomes is the peptide hormone Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 is secreted from the intestine in response to nutrient ingestion, and has potent effects to improve glycemic control and reduce food intake. Furthermore, GLP-1 secretion is greatly enhanced following VSG and RYGB, and has been widely hypothesized to be at least partially responsible for the metabolic benefits of those surgeries. To test this hypothesis, we performed VSG in mice with genetic deficiency for the GLP-1 receptor. Contrary to our hypothesis, GLP-1 receptor-deficient mice responded normally to VSG in all examined aspects, including weight loss, glycemic control, and altered food choice. These studies demonstrate for the first time the potent effect of VSG surgery to alter food choice, particularly by decreasing fat intake. These data provide another parallel between the effects of VSG and RYGB, suggesting that these two anatomically-distinct surgeries may share a common mechanism to induce their powerful effects. Regarding the nature of that mechanism, we demonstrated that GLP-1 receptor activity is not necessary for those effects to manifest in VSG-operated mice. Instead, enhanced GLP-1 secretion and changes in food choice may be downstream of more global adaptations of the digestive system in response to the surgical manipulations.
Download or read book Gastric Bypass written by João Ettinger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents and describes the various uses of gastric bypass in bariatric and metabolic surgery and outlines the different techniques currently available. Furthermore, the possible complications with the procedure and ways to avoid them are also discussed. The use of the gastric bypass for the treatment of diabetes is emphasized and the new indications for the operative treatment of diabetes are featured in detail. Endoscopic uses concerning the gastric bypass are also addressed, covering preoperative evaluation, complications treatment, weight regain treatment and endoscopic treatment of obesity. The most advanced techniques and new technologies available for performing gastric bypass surgeries are presented in the most didactic possible way, making use of value-added learning features throughout the text.Gastric Bypass - Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Perspectives is intended as a practical guide for all those interested and involved with bariatric surgery, including general surgeons, bariatric surgeons, GI surgeons and surgery residents.
Download or read book Bariatric and metabolic surgery for obesity and related diseases Effects and mechanisms written by Shaozhuang Liu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-22 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Management of Nutritional and Metabolic Complications of Bariatric Surgery written by Aparna Govil Bhasker and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-21 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the management of various metabolic, nutritional and hormonal complications that arise after bariatric surgery. Until now bariatric surgeons have focused on mastering the surgical technique and reducing surgical complications. A number of metabolic and nutritional complications in the post-surgical phase can remain undiagnosed or unreported with a potential for irreversible morbidity. The book is edited by a team of experienced surgeons and bariatric nutritionists to provide a balanced perspective on the subject. It includes chapters on the prevention and subsequent diagnosis and management of these complications early in the course and explaining each complication with one or more suitable case reports. This book is relevant for practicing as well as aspiring bariatric surgeons, nutritionists/dieticians and bariatric physicians.
Download or read book The SAGES Manual of Bariatric Surgery written by Kevin M. Reavis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-04 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Morbid obesity is an epidemic as more than 2/3 of the United States population is obese and as such, has a high burden of weight-related co-morbid diseases. Bariatric surgery has proven to be effective and durable for treatment of severe obesity. Technological advances including applications of laparoscopy and endolumenal techniques have rapidly advanced this field. Data and outcomes examining treatments have also improved and as providers, we have a wide spectrum of therapeutic options to treat patients. As techniques and outcomes have evolved, access to a comprehensive yet focused resource regarding bariatric surgery is currently limited. The proposed textbook is designed to present a comprehensive and state-of the-art approach to the current and future status of Bariatric interventions, which has changed significantly since the first edition of the Manual. Updates in this version will include the rapidly expanding field of endoluminal bariatric procedures, with a focus on new devices and theories of mechanisms. New data regarding laparoscopic approaches to treat obesity, as well as improved longer-term data outcomes will be reviewed. Newer surgical approaches to treat metabolic disease and obesity are included, as well as proposed mechanisms of action and efficacy. Additional new sections include sections on the application of robotic technologies, special circumstances including transplantation and pregnancy, and telemedicine and social media in bariatric surgery. Sections will address the evolution in specific treatments available to patients, initial evaluation and selection of procedures for individual patients, the latest surgical and endoscopic techniques being employed to treat patients including data on outcomes, and future directions for therapy. In particular and unique amongst references, a major focus of this text will be on both the bariatric and metabolic bases of therapies and outcomes. The SAGES Manual A Practical Guide to Bariatric Surgery, Second Edition aligns with the new SAGES UNIVERSITY MASTERS Program. The Manual supplements the Bariatric Surgery Pathway from Competency to Proficiency to Mastery. Whether it’s for Biliary, Hernia, Colon, Foregut or Bariatric, the key technical steps for the anchoring bariatric procedures are highlighted in detail as well as what the reader needs to know to successfully submit a video clip to the SAGES Facebook Channels for technical feedback. Readers will also learn about how to count credits for Bariatric from the other Master Program Series, Guidelines, Top 21 Videos, Pearls, FLS, FES, FUSE, SMART and Annual SAGES Meeting. The Masters Program promotes lifelong deliberate learning.
Download or read book Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy written by Margaret A. Stefater and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bariatric surgery has emerged as a superior treatment for obesity because of its ability to produce potent, durable weight loss. Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is one bariatric procedure that is gaining popularity as an obesity therapy. It is less invasive and as effective as other bariatric procedures including the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Here, we perform VSG in rats and demonstrate dramatic, long-term weight loss in rats following surgery. This weight loss was a specific loss of fat mass. Initial weight loss was due to early postsurgical reductions in food intake and was maintained a lack of compensatory hyperphagia in response to the postoperative weight loss. Ingestive behavior after the surgery was characterized by smaller, more frequent meals than in sham-operated controls. Importantly, we demonstrated that VSG does not impair ability to overeat in response to additional weight loss but instead appears to reduce motivation to overeat. Energy expenditure was unaffected by VSG, substantiating the idea that changes to food intake are primary determinants of a newly defended, postsurgical body fat level. Because leptin resistance is a feature of obesity that often precludes the maintenance of diet-induced weight loss, we initially hypothesized that enhanced leptin sensitivity contributes to defended body weight after VSG. Food intake reduction following an exogenous dose of leptin was greater in VSG- than sham-operated rats. However, because the response after VSG was comparable to the anorexia elicited in pair-fed rats, we concluded that behavioral sensitization to leptin after surgery is secondary to weight loss and is unlikely to drive reduced motivation of VSG-operated rats to overeat. This conclusion is supported by the absence of changes in the expression of genes in the mediobasal hypothalamus that regulate activity of the melanocortin axis. Highlighting the power of VSG as a treatment not only for obesity but also for obesity-related comorbidities, we show that the procedure produces significant, weight-independent improvements to lipid homeostasis. This benefit is primarily a postprandial phenomenon. Our data indicate that lower postprandial plasma lipid levels are due to reduced intestinal triglyceride secretion in the absence of any changes to hepatic triglyceride production. We did not detect any changes to the expression of genes regulating lipid transport and/or triglyceride production in either the proximal intestine or the liver. We hypothesize that changes to intestinal biology following VSG are not due to permanent, transcriptional changes but, rather, to altered patterns of intestinal nutrient delivery after surgery. Meal patterns and/or gastric emptying might elicit these changes. We also report weight-related enhancement of plasma bile acid levels, leading us to propose that bile acids may mediate some weight-dependent metabolic benefits to weight loss following VSG and potentially other bariatric procedures. Together, these data provide exciting promise for the use of VSG as a metabolic surgery for obese populations. Although it is unclear what mechanism(s) may suppress hyperphagic behavior and thus lower defended body fat level after VSG, our data contribute significantly to the understanding of the cascade of metabolic changes elicited by VSG. Additionally, we provide the first evidence that VSG induces weight-independent changes to lipid homeostasis. Therefore, VSG is a procedure that holds the potential to treat not only obesity, but obesity-related comobidities which may include atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia. Further understanding the mechanisms for these improvements, including the role of intestinal nutrient sensing, is an important area for future research.
Download or read book Regulation of Body Weight written by Claude Bouchard and published by . This book was released on 1996-06-19 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fact that about 30-40% of the adults in the Western world are overweight or obese testifies to the frequency of the disturbances in body weight regulation. Scientists have established that caloric intake, macronutrient composition of the diet, basal and resting metabolic rate, thermic response to food, energy expenditure associated with movement and physical activity, and preferential storage of the surplus of calories as fat or lean tissues are critical determinants of energy balance and body weight. While much has been learned, the field is poised for major advances with the advent of a variety of imaging techniques, progress in quantitative and molecular genetics, use of transgenic rodent models and of breeding experiments with informative inbred strains, availability of stable isotopes for metabolic and behavioral studies, and a growing number of useful experimental animal and human models. This volume takes an integrative approach to obesity. It is structured around four major topics: (1) the animal and human models currently available for the study of body weight regulation with their strengths and limitations, (2) the molecular and genetic basis of the regulation of body weight, (3) the metabolic and physiological mechanisms involved, and (4) the behavioral and social determinants. The 13 background papers provide a critical overview of the present knowledge base while the group reports summarize the extensive deliberations of 38 international experts. Particular emphasis has been given to promising research areas and on the advances needed to ensure a better understanding of the biological and behavioral mechanisms of the regulation of body weight, with a particular emphasis on overweight and obesity.
Download or read book Handbook of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery written by Iskandar Idris and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-11-21 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HANDBOOK OF METABOLIC AND BARIATRIC SURGERY Discover the essentials involved in the management of metabolic and bariatric surgery in this easy-to-read and well-illustrated guide The management of severe obesity and its related co-morbidities, including diabetes, has become one of the most important aspects of modern medicine. The most effective and lasting treatment for these conditions is bariatric and metabolic surgery, which has become more in demand from patients and doctors. Since many non-surgical specialists contribute to treating these patients, there is an increasing need for medical professionals to develop a working knowledge of patient requirements surrounding these operations. Handbook of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery provides a concise, accessible guide to the management of bariatric and metabolic surgery patients. It approaches its subject from both endocrine and surgical perspectives, covering pre-, peri- and post-operative requirements for commonly undertaken surgical procedures, as well as guidance for managing metabolic, psychological, and surgical aspects. It promises to become a valuable guide to this increasingly important field. Handbook of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery readers will also find: Over 150 full-color images and illustrations; A thorough introduction to the subject of obesity medicine and the history of bariatric and metabolic surgery; An editorial team with both research and practical clinical experience. Handbook of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery is a useful reference for any non-surgical medical professional or researcher working within the field of obesity medicine and surgery.
Download or read book ADA Pocket Guide to Bariatric Surgery written by Christina Biesemeier and published by American Dietetic Associati. This book was released on 2009 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This user-friendly pocket guide provides evidence-based data on the pre and post-operative nutrition care issues surrounding this increasingly popular weight management tool. Topics include: * Weight loss surgery overview. * The Nutrition Care Process. * Co-morbidity issues. * Long-term care post surgery. * Sample PES statements throughout.
Download or read book Management of Obesity Part 2 Treatment Strategies An Issue of Gastroenterology Clinics of North America E Book written by Lee M. Kaplan and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2023-11-04 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this issue of Gastroenterology Clinics, guest editor Dr. Lee M. Kaplan brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Management of Obesity, Part 2: Treatment Strategies. Thirteen percent of the world's population are obese, and most of the world's population live in countries where being overweight and obese kills more people than being underweight. In this second issue (of two), key experts address treatment and prevention strategies for obesity, including bariatric surgery, medical management, and lifestyle modifications. - Contains 16 practice-oriented topics including bariatric and metabolic surgery; mechanisms of weight loss and metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery; endoscopic therapies for obesity and its complications; obesity and viral infections including SARS-Cov-2; the future of obesity care; and more. - Provides in-depth clinical reviews on management of obesity, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. - Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.
Download or read book Obesity and Metabolic Surgery written by Jürgen Ordemann and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the surgical therapy of obesity and metabolic diseases in a practice-oriented and detailed way. The specific surgical procedures with their indications, performance and risks are described precisely in words and pictures. Special emphasis is placed on the choice of the appropriate surgical procedure for the individual patient. In addition to the mechanisms of action, interdisciplinary preoperative evaluation of the patient and postoperative aftercare are explained. Furthermore, surgical, internal and psychosomatic complications and complication management are described. Information on obesity center organization and alternative bariatric therapies complete the volume. This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Adipositas- und metabolische Chirurgie by Jürgen Ordemann & Ulf Elbelt, published by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2017. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.
Download or read book Surgical Management of Obesity written by Henry Buchwald and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaders in the field present today's most comprehensive coverage of bariatric surgery, one of the most promising current treatments for the growing global epidemic of overweight and obesity. This brand new resource begins with a through examination of the history, incidence, demography, etiology, biology, comorbidities, longevity, and social and economic implications of obesity. It then discusses pre-, peri-, and postoperative issues of importance before examining the evolution of bariatric procedures. Individual chapters present the best surgical approaches, their outcomes, and other considerations involved in this surgical approach. Presents a comprehensive overview of the entire field of bariatric surgery, as well as a broad discussion of critical non-operative topics. Discusses the evolution of bariatric procedures, followed by individual chapters that examine laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, vertical banded gastroplasty, the banded gastric bypass, and other surgical approaches. Reviews the outcomes of bariatric surgery with respect to nutrition, diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea, orthopedic conditions, and metabolism. Offers guidance on practical and academic training of the bariatric surgeon, patient support groups, the importance of the multidisciplinary team, managed care, allied health, laparoscopic suites and robotics, liability issues, and more. Includes dietary, drug management, and other alternative non-operative approaches. Addresses the growing incidence of childhood obesity with a chapter focusing on adolescent bariatric surgery patients. With 91 additional contributing experts.
Download or read book Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery written by Luigi Angrisani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-01 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the surgical bariatric procedures most frequently performed worldwide and examines their evolution in recent years both within Italy and internationally. For each operation, indications, the surgical technique, potential complications, and the outcomes with respect to weight and obesity-associated comorbidities are presented. In view of the significant failure rate revealed by studies on the long-term results of bariatric surgery, the problem of weight regain and revision surgery are also discussed in detail, covering the different types of revision, conversion to other procedures, and the main outcomes. In addition, individual chapters focus on selected topics of importance. The role of bariatric surgery in the cure of type 2 diabetes (“diabetes surgery”) is discussed and the debate over the significance of gastroesophageal reflux disease and hiatal hernia for choice of procedure is summarized. Finally, the most common endoluminal procedures, which have been gaining in importance, are described and other bariatric operations, outlined.
Download or read book Nutrition and Bariatric Surgery written by Robert F. Kushner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-08-21 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bariatric surgery has led to improved health outcomes including significant weight loss and reduction in co-morbidities among patients with obesity. Clinical practice guidelines recommend that patients considering bariatric surgery undergo a comprehensive nutritional assessment. Nutrition and Bariatric Surgery is the first comprehensive book that uniquely addresses the dietary and nutritional care of the bariatric surgery patient. This book reviews the nutritional and physiological changes imposed by surgical revision of the gastrointestinal tract. Also discussed are nutritional assessment of the bariatric surgical patient as well as pre- and postoperative dietary management recommendations. Other clinical topics covered include nutritional anemia, metabolic bone disease, neurological disorders, and protein–calorie malnutrition. Nutrition and Bariatric Surgery examines eating behaviors before and after bariatric surgery as well as psychological issues, mood disorders, and nutritional concerns associated with weight regain. The book also addresses nutritional needs of special populations undergoing bariatric surgery including adolescents, pregnant or lactating women, and severely obese ICU patients. The book is an authoritative guide for health care professionals caring for the bariatric patient including physicians, dietitians, physician assistants, nurses, and nurse practitioners.
