Download or read book Bare Passives and relative Clauses in Be passive Form as Modifiers written by Annika Onken and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, University of Münster, 9 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: 1Introduction In order to learn more about the English language and how it is actually used by the native speaker community I am going to investigate the occurrence of bare passives as modifiers and of relative clauses in be-passive form which can be compared to the former in its function as modifier. With help of the queries I will find out how many of these constructions exist in The Penn Treebank and then take a closer look at the beginning of sentences. Which of these two grammatical phenomenon is more frequent at the beginnings of sentences and why? Firstly in this term paper, I will introduce the grammatical phenomenon of the passive voice with its variants 'be-passive', 'get-passive' and 'bare passive' by contrasting it to the active voice. Furthermore I will explain the development of the different queries needed for the research whose findings will be discussed subsequent to that.
Download or read book A Student s Introduction to English Grammar written by Rodney Huddleston and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-02-17 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking undergraduate textbook on modern Standard English grammar is the first to be based on the revolutionary advances of the authors' previous work, The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language (2002). The analyses defended there are outlined here more briefly, in an engagingly accessible and informal style. Errors of the older tradition of English grammar are noted and corrected, and the excesses of prescriptive usage manuals are firmly rebutted in specially highlighted notes that explain what older authorities have called 'incorrect' and show why those authorities are mistaken. This book is intended for students in colleges or universities who have little or no previous background in grammar, and presupposes no linguistics. It contains exercises, and will provide a basis for introductions to grammar and courses on the structure of English not only in linguistics departments but also in English language and literature departments and schools of education.
Download or read book Guidebook to Academic Writing written by Cornelia C. Paraskevas and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-07-01 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative guidebook is an accessible and concise introduction to discipline-specific academic language. Using authentic texts written by both novice and expert writers and ‘translating’ current, corpus-based research of academic language into a practical guide, the book gives students the tools to navigate the linguistic features of various disciplines, emphasizing the humanities and sciences, but also discussing example texts from the social sciences. Organised as 11 self-contained questions that are critical to any discussion of academic language, this guide: provides specific information and detail regarding the language ‘demands’ of each discipline explains the principles underlying punctuation, the range of choices writers have and the effects of these choices on readers includes detailed linguistic guidance on how to construct effective paragraphs discusses the multiple ways attitude is expressed in academic texts includes information on citation practices With exercises and additional online resources, this guidebook provides students with a range of tools they can choose from in order to create effective texts that meet discipline and reader expectations. Accessibly written, it is an essential guide for all students in humanities and sciences writing academic texts in English.
Download or read book Patterns written by Jan Čermák and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Introduction to English Grammar written by Gerald Nelson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-04 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to English grammar provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of English grammar, and can be used in the classroom, for self-study, or as a reference book. The book is organised in two parts – on grammar and its applications – and provides everything a beginning student needs to get to grips with the theory and practice of English usage, including sections on style, punctuation and spelling. This third edition has been fully revised and updated to include an expanded section on English in Use, usage notes highlighting common errors, updated exercises, a glossary and a companion website with further graded exercises.
Download or read book Brehe s Grammar Anatomy written by Steven Brehe and published by . This book was released on 2018-12-31 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brehe's Grammar Anatomy makes grammar accessible to general and specialist readers alike. This book provides an in-depth look at beginner grammar terms and concepts, providing clear examples with limited technical jargon. Whether for academic or personal use, Brehe's Grammar Anatomy is the perfect addition to any resource library.Features:Practice exercises at the end of each chapter, with answers in the back of the book, to help students test and correct their comprehensionFull glossary and index with cross-referencesEasy-to-read language supports readers at every learning stage
Download or read book The Passive written by Anna Siewierska and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1984 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Relative Clauses with Relative Pronouns written by Heidrun Dietrich and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-10 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 1994 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, course: Englische Grammatik, 10 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: A complex sentence consists of a main clause and a subordinate clause which functions as subject, object, adverbial or complement. "When you mention something or someone in a sentence, you often want to give further information about them. One way to do this is to use a relative clause." My explanations are based on several literatures. I used the Grammar books by Sinclair, Quirk and Swan. The examples I used I also took from school grammar books and textbooks. We distinguish three types of relative clauses: - (adnominal) relative clauses - nominal relative clauses and - sentential relative clauses You get further information especially on adnominal relative clauses and some additional points on nominal relative clauses. But adnominal relative clauses are the central type of relative clauses. Moreover we distinguish two kinds of adnominal relative clauses: - defining relative clauses - non-defining relative clauses. Relative clauses are introduced mostly by relative pronouns. They can function as subjects or objects of verbs in the relative clause and they join sentences together.
Download or read book On Adjectival Passives in English written by Vincey Vattachirayil John and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-02-18 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 3,0, University of Wuppertal, language: English, abstract: There have been various discussions on verbal passives and adjectival passive constructions. Adjectival passives always have stative interpretations, whereas verbal passives can either have a dynamic or a stative interpretation. The question is whether adjectival passive constructions are supposed to be a type of passive constructions, or merely passives in a derivative sense (cf. Huddleston and Pullum, 2002: 1436f). Before researching the differences between the both passive constructions, the main characterization of passive, in general, should be made clear. Åfarli (1992: 8) provides a brief summary of it: [...] every sentence one might reasonably want to call a passive may be minimally characterized as follows: (22) a. Relative to its active counterpart, the passive sentence is marked with special verb morphology. b. The subject of the active sentence never remains subject in the passive counterpart. This statement is also supported by Emonds (2006: 17) who comments that the stress is laid on the role of the subject phrase and its relation to passive morphology. According to this characterization of passives, it could be asserted that adjectival passives are only a part of a verbal passive construction. Except, it can be proven that adjectives and verbal participles can be distinguished. Emonds (2006: 20) suggests a formula to distinguish between verbal and adjectival passives: a. In adjectival passives, the head [A-en] is present in both LF and PF. b. In verbal passives, [A-en] is absent in LF and present only in PF. The suffix –en refers to the simple past in English but it is also the given form for adjectives, which leads to the ambiguity between verbal passives and adjectival passives. The LF, however, helps us to understand whether a passive has an ongoing (dynamic) or a completed (stative) interpretation. In this paper the main focus is on the differences between verbal and adjectival passives. The following study will show how far adjectival predicatives in a passive construction can be considered as passives. Another aim of this paper is to find out whether adjectives are a derivation from verbs, and whether the derivation is the reason that it is impossible to distinguish them.
Download or read book A Brief History of English Syntax written by Olga Fischer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-08 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible, up-to-date account of the major changes in English syntax since its beginnings up to the present day.
Download or read book The Syntax of Some English Relative Clauses written by D. Kathryn Weintraub and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Re labeling written by Carlo Cecchetto and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2015-01-30 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new theory of labeling that sheds light on such syntactic phenomena as relativization, successive cyclicity, island phenomena, and Minimality effects. When two categories merge and a new syntactic object is formed, what determines which of the two merged categories transmits its properties one level up—or, in current terminology, which of the two initial categories labels the new object? In (Re)labeling, Carlo Cecchetto and Caterina Donati take this question as the starting point of an investigation that sheds light on longstanding puzzles in the theory of syntax in the generative tradition. They put forward a simple idea: that words are special because they can provide a label for free when they merge with some other category. Crucially, this happens even when a word merges with another category as a result of syntactic movement. This means that a word has a “relabeling” power in that the structure resulting from its movement can have a different label from the one that the structure previously had. Cecchetto and Donati argue that relabeling cases triggered by the movement of a word are pervasive in the syntax of natural languages and that their identification sheds light on such phenomena as relativization, explaining for free why relatives clauses have a nominal distribution, successive cyclicity, island effects, root phenomena, and Minimality effects.
Download or read book Studies of Passive Clauses written by Paul M. Postal and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1985-11-01 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, Paul M. Postal supports the universalist theory of language by examining passive clauses. Contrary to a skeptical tradition, Postal argues that passive clauses are cross-linguistically identifiable and characterizable. This study proposes refinements of the analysis of the natural language grammatical category Passive Clause. These refinements include an account of the notion ‘dummy nominal,’ central to the analysis of impersonal passive clauses; additions permitting a proper typology of the major known subtypes of Passive Clause; a generalization permitting application to clauses whose subjects are not earlier level direct objects; and, construction of precise rule concepts to represent restrictions on passive clauses. The passive domain supports the universalist approach in three distinguishable ways: (1) by permitting formulation of otherwise apparently unstatable lawful characteristics of all passive structures; (2) by facilitating statement of language-specific passive constraints holding in diverse languages; and, (3) by allowing uniform statement in grammars of recurrent constraints on passives. Each mode of support is applied to actual cases based on material from more than a dozen languages from English and French to Quiche (Mayan) and Chi-Mwi:ni (Bantu).
Download or read book Phrase Structure and Grammatical Relations in Tagalog written by Paul Kroeger and published by Center for the Study of Language (CSLI). This book was released on 1993-07-30 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last twenty years or so, most of the work on the syntax of Philippine languages has been focused on the question of whether or not these languages can be said to have grammatical subjects, and if so which argument of a basic transitive clause should be analysed as being the subject. Paul Kroeger's contribution to this debate asserts that grammatical relations such as subject and object are syntactic notions, and must be identified on the basis of syntactic properties, rather than by semantic roles or discourse functions. A large number of syntactic processes in Tagalog uniquely select the argument which bears the nominative case. On the other hand, the data which have been used in the debate to assert the ambiguity of subjecthood are best analysed in terms of semantic rather than syntactic constraints. Together these facts support an analysis that takes the nominative argument as the subject. Kroeger examines the history of the subjecthood debate and uses data from Tagalog to test the theories that have been put forth. His conclusions entail consequences for certain linguistic concepts and theories, and lead Kroeger to assert that grammatical relations are not defined in terms of surface phrase structure configurations, contrary to the assumptions of many approaches to syntax including the Government-Binding theory. Paul Kroeger is presently doing fieldwork in Austronesian languages and teaching linguistics to fieldworkers from around the world.
Download or read book English Syntax written by Jong-Bok Kim and published by Center for the Study of Language and Information Publica Tion. This book was released on 2008 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Focusing on the descriptive facts of English, this volume provides a systematic introduction to English syntax for students with no prior knowledge of English grammar or syntactic analysis. English Syntax aims to help students appreciate the various sentence patterns available in the language, understand insights into core data of its syntax, develop analytic abilities to further explore the patterns of English, and learn precise ways of formalizing syntactic analysis for a variety of English data and major constructions such as agreement, raising and control, the auxiliary system, passive, wh- questions, relative clauses, extrapolation, and clefts"--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Theoretical Syntax 1980 1990 written by Rosemarie Ostler and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1992 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is intended to be used by practicing scholars as well as students. It represents all major and some of the minor trends that have evolved during the past decade. Book titles from all available sources have been included, as well as periodical articles from the major journals, whenever there was evidence of a theoretical approach. To ensure maximum accessibility of the entries listed, books and articles in language other than English and unpublished dissertations and working papers have been excluded. All entries are fully annotated and the volume is completed by indices of authors and subjects.
Download or read book Advanced English Grammar written by Ilse Depraetere and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With more than 50 years of teaching experience between them, Ilse Depraetere and Chad Langford present a grammar pitched precisely at advanced learners of English who need to understand how the English language really works without getting lost in the complex specifics. Now fully updated and revised throughout, the second edition of this book pulls from linguistic theory all the relevant notions that will enable the language student to fully grasp English grammar. After introducing form and function, the authors cover verbs, nouns, aspect and tense, modality and discourse. Readers are led through the underlying principles of language use, with the book presupposing only a basic grasp of linguistic terminology and focusing on the critical issues. Full of challenging exercises and supported by a companion website featuring an extensive answer key, a glossary and further exercises for study, this is the reference grammar of choice for both native and non-native English speakers.
