Download or read book Bacteria as Sensitive Indicators of Coral Health written by Emily Jane Wisseman and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of Shipyard Pollutants in Structuring Coral Reef Microbial Communities Monitoring Environmental Change and the Potential Causes of Coral Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US Navy operates military bases in tropical and sub-tropical seas that are surrounded by coral reefs. Therefore, the goal of this work has been to develop methods for long-term monitoring of the effects of naval activity on the health of these reef ecosystems. Our research shows that microbes inhabiting the tissues of healthy and diseased coral are sensitive indicators of environmental change associated with harbor and near-shore naval activity. Our integrated analyses indicate that: (1) coral tissue d34N content is the most sensitive ecological indicator to quantify average sewage concentration with the human enteric bacteria found in the BBD microbial consortium; (2) quantitative correlation of seawater (depth, temperature, pollution, light intensity), coral health (physiology, mucus chemistry, symbiotic zooxanthellae diversity), and coral microbial communities indicate that environmental impact exerts the strongest influence on coral microbes. Results have permitted the development of microbial screening to permit identification of threatened reef ecosystems impacted by harbor and near-shore activity.
Download or read book The Prokaryotes written by Edward F. DeLong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Prokaryotes is a comprehensive, multi-authored, peer reviewed reference work on Bacteria and Achaea. This fourth edition of The Prokaryotes is organized to cover all taxonomic diversity, using the family level to delineate chapters. Different from other resources, this new Springer product includes not only taxonomy, but also prokaryotic biology and technology of taxa in a broad context. Technological aspects highlight the usefulness of prokaryotes in processes and products, including biocontrol agents and as genetics tools. The content of the expanded fourth edition is divided into two parts: Part 1 contains review chapters dealing with the most important general concepts in molecular, applied and general prokaryote biology; Part 2 describes the known properties of specific taxonomic groups. Two completely new sections have been added to Part 1: bacterial communities and human bacteriology. The bacterial communities section reflects the growing realization that studies on pure cultures of bacteria have led to an incomplete picture of the microbial world for two fundamental reasons: the vast majority of bacteria in soil, water and associated with biological tissues are currently not culturable, and that an understanding of microbial ecology requires knowledge on how different bacterial species interact with each other in their natural environment. The new section on human microbiology deals with bacteria associated with healthy humans and bacterial pathogenesis. Each of the major human diseases caused by bacteria is reviewed, from identifying the pathogens by classical clinical and non-culturing techniques to the biochemical mechanisms of the disease process. The 4th edition of The Prokaryotes is the most complete resource on the biology of prokaryotes. The following volumes are published consecutively within the 4th Edition: Prokaryotic Biology and Symbiotic Associations Prokaryotic Communities and Ecophysiology Prokaryotic Physiology and Biochemistry Applied Bacteriology and Biotechnology Human Microbiology Actinobacteria Firmicutes Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria Deltaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria Other Major Lineages of Bacteria and the Archaea
Download or read book The Good the Bad and the Ugly written by Collin Closek and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reefs are one of the most productive and biologically diverse ecosystems; however, over the last 50 years the health of these ecosystems has drastically declined. Corals have symbiotic algae and other associated microbial organisms, which collectively contribute to and comprise the coral holobiont. As an integral part of the coral holobiont, bacteria are used as indicators of coral health. Yet, little is known regarding the bacterial diversity associated with coral reef environments, and even less has been published about the bacteria that are associated with isolated marine protected areas, such as the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (French Frigate Shoals, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands). To obtain a baseline, both sediment and water-associated bacteria were examined from select locations in the French Frigate Shoals. Other reef locations have also received legal protection, however many corals within protected areas still exhibit strong signs of disease (e.g. such as Puerto Morelos National Marine Park and the Virgin Islands National Park). Minimal research has been published on the bacterial diversity associated with diseased corals. To that end, we examined the bacterial communities associated with Orbicella faveolata exhibiting signs of Yellow Band Disease (YBD) within the Puerto Morelos National Marine Park, Mexico. Additionally, while studies have examined how changes in sea surface temperatures affect the coral-host at the gene-level, gaps remain regarding how corals respond to disease. We explored these gaps by examining the host transcriptomic response to YBD in Mexico and subsequently sampled an additional disease affecting O. faveolata, White Plague, as well as two diseases affecting Acropora palmata in the US Virgin Islands, White Band and White Pox. Of the four diseases examined, core responses across as well as within both species were detected. Differences in host response were also noted between each disease. Profiling the bacterial associations and host response allows us to gain a better understanding of the bacterial diversity associated with different health states of coral reef environments and how the host transcriptome responds to changes in health. These findings may be useful as baselines to diagnose the health state of other declining reef environments.
Download or read book A Research Review of Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-05 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reef declines have been recorded for all major tropical ocean basins since the 1980s, averaging approximately 30-50% reductions in reef cover globally. These losses are a result of numerous problems, including habitat destruction, pollution, overfishing, disease, and climate change. Greenhouse gas emissions and the associated increases in ocean temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations have been implicated in increased reports of coral bleaching, disease outbreaks, and ocean acidification (OA). For the hundreds of millions of people who depend on reefs for food or livelihoods, the thousands of communities that depend on reefs for wave protection, the people whose cultural practices are tied to reef resources, and the many economies that depend on reefs for fisheries or tourism, the health and maintenance of this major global ecosystem is crucial. A growing body of research on coral physiology, ecology, molecular biology, and responses to stress has revealed potential tools to increase coral resilience. Some of this knowledge is poised to provide practical interventions in the short-term, whereas other discoveries are poised to facilitate research that may later open the doors to additional interventions. A Research Review of Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs reviews the state of science on genetic, ecological, and environmental interventions meant to enhance the persistence and resilience of coral reefs. The complex nature of corals and their associated microbiome lends itself to a wide range of possible approaches. This first report provides a summary of currently available information on the range of interventions present in the scientific literature and provides a basis for the forthcoming final report.
Download or read book The Great Barrier Reef written by Pat Hutchings and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2008-11-07 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is 344 400 square kilometres in size and is home to one of the most diverse ecosystems in the world. This comprehensive guide describes the organisms and ecosystems of the Great Barrier Reef, as well as the biological, chemical and physical processes that influence them. Contemporary pressing issues such as climate change, coral bleaching, coral disease and the challenges of coral reef fisheries are also discussed. In addition,the book includes a field guide that will help people to identify the common animals and plants on the reef, then to delve into the book to learn more about the roles the biota play. Beautifully illustrated and with contributions from 33 international experts, The Great Barrier Reef is a must-read for the interested reef tourist, student, researcher and environmental manager. While it has an Australian focus, it can equally be used as a baseline text for most Indo-Pacific coral reefs. Winner of a Whitley Certificate of Commendation for 2009.
Download or read book Coral Health and Disease written by Eugene Rosenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book opens with case studies of reefs in the Red Sea, Caribbean, Japan, Indian Ocean and the Great Barrier Reef. A section on microbial ecology and physiology describes the symbiotic relations of corals and microbes, and the microbial role in nutrition or bleaching resistance of corals. Coral diseases are covered in the third part. The volume includes 50 color photos of corals and their environments
Download or read book The Microbiome and Coral Health written by Sofia Roitman and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reefs are some of the oldest biological structures in the world and serve as the home and breeding grounds for a third of the ocean's marine life, sustaining key species and fisheries. While coral reefs are homes to a multitude of marine species, they contain multitudes as well; much like other animals corals are also holobionts that play host to a number of different microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, dinoflagellates, and archaea, forming a complex system of symbioses at the cellular level that allow corals to grow and survive. This consortium of microorganisms is collectively referred to as the microbiome. In recent years, the coral microbiome in particular has gained traction in the scientific community due to our ever-growing understanding of the key role microbiomes play across ecosystems and organismal health. Bacterial members of the microbiome can provide essential services to their coral host in the form of nutrient cycling, metabolic complementarity, and the production of antibiotic compounds. The coral microbiome's intrinsic tie to coral health is of growing importance today given the steady decline of coral reefs worldwide. However, studies show that coral microbiomes can vary widely based on species, region, temperature, depth, and season, as well as in their response to different stressors. Current microbiome studies are thus hindered by the lack of baselines (that is, a description of the microbiome of a healthy coral, including transient and stable microbial members) for healthy coral microbiomes, limiting our ability to study the relationship between environmental stressors and holobiont response. My dissertation aims to address both the need for microbial baselines as well as to aid in the understanding of the relationship between the coral microbiome and coral health in the face of abiotic and biotic stressors. To that end, my first data chapter aims to determine how the microbial communities of two Caribbean coral species vary when infected with disease, as well as identify microbial "footprints" pertaining to each disease and microbial community members that are significantly altered in the face of an infection, which could provide insight on changes to the structure and overall function of the corals' microbiome when infected. My second data chapter aims to determine the relationship between the coral microbiome and coral survivorship in poor water quality conditions through a reciprocal transplant between a clear-water reef and a surviving turbid-water reef, as well as to explore the effects of such an environment on the sediment microbiome using metagenomic sequencing. Finally, my third data chapter aims to establish correlations between anthropogenically-impacted reef sites and the reef environment microbiome, and to therefore propose the future use of environmental microbial metagenomes as sources of information on bioindicator taxa, as well as genes and metabolic pathways that could also be used for indicator purposes.
Download or read book The Future of Coral Reefs Subject to Rapid Climate Change Lessons from Natural Extreme Environments written by Emma F. Camp and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examination of corals and reef-associated organisms which endure in extreme coral reef environments is challenging our understanding of the conditions that organisms can survive under. By studying individuals naturally adapted to unfavorable conditions, we begin to better understand the important traits required to survive rapid environmental and climate change. This Research Topic, comprising reviews, and original research articles, demonstrates the current state of knowledge regarding the diversity of extreme coral habitats, the species that have been studied, and the knowledge to-date on the mechanisms, traits and trade-offs that have facilitated survival.
Download or read book Microbiomes written by Eugene Rosenberg and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-02 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines an important paradigm shift in biology: Plants and animals, traditionally viewed as individuals, are now considered to be complex systems and host to a plethora of microorganisms. After first presenting historical aspects of microbiota research, bacterial compositions of individual microbiomes and the critical analysis of current methods, the book discusses how microbial communities inside the human body are profoundly affected by numerous factors, such as macro- and micro-nutrients, physical exercise, antibiotics, gender and age. As described by current research, the author highlights how microbiomes contribute to the fitness of the host by providing nutrients, inhibiting pathogens, aiding in the storage of fat during pregnancy, and contributing to development and behavior. The author not only focusses on prokaryotic components in microbiomes, but also addresses single-cell eukaryotes and viruses. This follow-up to the successful book The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota, published in 2013, provides a contemporary overview of microbiomes. It appeals to anyone working in the life sciences and biomedicine.
Download or read book Practical Applications of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 17th International Conference PACBB 2023 written by Miguel Rocha and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-10 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to promote the interaction among the scientific community to discuss applications of CS/AI with an interdisciplinary character, exploring the interactions between sub-areas of CS/AI, bioinformatics, chemoinformatics, and systems biology. The success of bioinformatics in recent years has been prompted by research in molecular biology and molecular medicine in several initiatives. This year’s technical program presents both high quality and diversity, with contributions in well-established and evolving areas of research. The PACBB’23 technical program has selected 9 full papers in the main track and, as in past editions, it will be special issues in ranked journals. This symposium is organized by the LASI and Centro Algoritmi of the University of Minho (Portugal). The authors would like to thank all the contributing authors, the members of the program committee, national associations (AEPIA, APPIA), and the sponsors (AIR Institute).
Download or read book Oceans and Health written by Shimshon Belkin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-12 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is surprising how little is actually known about the fate of wastewater bacteria once they enter the sea. This wide-ranging work is one of the first to unravel the mechanisms determining bacterial sensitivity or survival under these conditions.
Download or read book Methods for the Study of Deep Sea Sediments Their Functioning and Biodiversity written by Roberto Danovaro and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-12-21 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For years scientists viewed the deep sea as calm, quiet, and undisturbed, with marine species existing in an ecologically stable and uniform environment. Recent discoveries have completely transformed that understanding and the deep sea is recognized as a complicated and dynamic environment with a rich diversity of marine species. Carefully designe
Download or read book Advancements in the Understanding of Anthropogenic Impacts on the Microbial Ecology and Function of Aquatic Environments written by Rodrigo Gouvea Taketani and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Biology of Coral Reefs written by Charles R. C. Sheppard and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reefs represent the most spectacular and diverse marine ecosystem on the planet as well as a critical source of income for millions of people. However, the combined effects of human activity have led to a rapid decline in the health of reefs worldwide, with many now facing complete destruction. Their world-wide deterioration and over-exploitation has continued and even accelerated in many areas since the publication of the first edition in 2009. At the same time, there has been a near doubling in the number of scientific papers that have been written in this short time about coral reef biology and the ability to acclimate to ocean warming and acidification. This new edition has been thoroughly revised and updated, incorporating the significant increase in knowledge gained over the last decade whilst retaining the book's focus as a concise and affordable overview of the field. The Biology of Coral Reefs provides an integrated overview of the function, physiology, ecology, and behaviour of coral reef organisms. Each chapter is enriched with a selection of 'boxes' on specific aspects written by internationally recognised experts. As with other books in the Biology of Habitats Series, the emphasis in this book is on the organisms that dominate this marine environment although pollution, conservation, climate change, and experimental aspects are also included. Indeed, particular emphasis is placed on conservation and management due to the habitat's critically endangered status. A global range of examples is employed which gives the book international relevance.
Download or read book Diseases of Coral written by Cheryl M. Woodley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral disease is quickly becoming a crisis to the health and management of the world’s coral reefs. There is a great interest from many in preserving coral reefs. Unfortunately, the field of epizootiology is disorganized and lacks a standard vocabulary, methods, and diagnostic techniques, and tropical marine scientists are poorly trained in wildlife pathology, veterinary medicine, and epidemiology. Diseases of Coral will help to rectify this situation.
Download or read book Oceanography and Marine Biology written by S. J. Hawkins and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-15 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review remains one of the most cited sources in marine science and oceanography. The ever-increasing interest in work in oceanography and marine biology and its relevance to global environmental issues, especially global climate change and its impacts, creates a demand for authoritative refereed reviews summarizing and synthesizing the results of recent research. For more than 50 years, OMBAR has been an essential reference for research workers and students in all fields of marine science. If you are interested in submitting a review for consideration for publication in OMBAR, please email the Editor in Chief, Stephen Hawkins, at [email protected]. This volume considers such diverse topics as optimal design for ecosystem-level ocean observatories, the oceanography and ecology of Ningaloo, human pressures and the emergence of novel marine ecosystems and priority species to support the functional integrity of coral reefs. Six of the nine peer-reviewed contributions in Volume 58 are available to read Open Access via the links on the Routledge.com webpage. An international Editorial Board ensures global relevance and expert peer review, with editors from Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, Singapore, South Africa and the United Kingdom. The series volumes find a place in the libraries of not only marine laboratories and oceanographic institutes, but also universities worldwide. Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8 of this book are freely available as downloadable Open Access PDFs at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
