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Book Improving the Physics Impact of Next generation 76Ge Neutrinoless Double beta Decay Experiments

Download or read book Improving the Physics Impact of Next generation 76Ge Neutrinoless Double beta Decay Experiments written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It was shown that segmentation and pulse-shape discrimination can improve the discovery sensitivity of a next-gen 0vBB-decay experiment by 90%. - However, when practical aspects are considered (such as instrumenting each segment with front-end electronics), the discovery sensitivity is decreased by 19%. - This has extremely important consequences to proposed next-gen experiments since the two active collaborations have strongly advocated the use of segmented detectors for all or part of the experiment. - New germanium detector technology, currently under development, has demonstrated excellent multi-site background rejection capabilities without the complexity of segmentation or complicated PSD algorithms. - The physically-segmented p-type germanium detector technology has proven to be a useful and practical tool in modern nuclear physics. The PSEG technology deserves further development as it has the potential for use in a variety of applications.

Book Sixty Years Of Double Beta Decay From Nuclear Physics To Beyond Standard Model

Download or read book Sixty Years Of Double Beta Decay From Nuclear Physics To Beyond Standard Model written by Hans Volker Klapdor-kleingrothaus and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001-04-30 with total page 1313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear double beta decay is one of the most promising tools for probing beyond-the-standard-model physics on beyond-accelerator energy scales. It is already now probing the TeV scale, on which new physics should manifest itself according to theoretical expectations. Only in the early 1980s was it known that double beta decay yields information on the Majorana mass of the exchanged neutrino. At present, the sharpest bound for the electron neutrino mass arises from this process. It is only in the last 10 years that the much more far-reaching potential of double beta decay has been discovered. Today, the potential of double beta decay includes a broad range of topics that are equally relevant to particle physics and astrophysics, such as masses of heavy neutrinos, of sneutrinos, as SUSY models, compositeness, leptoquarks, left-right symmetric models, and tests of Lorentz symmetry and equivalence principle in the neutrino sector. Double beta decay has become indispensable nowadays for solving the problem of the neutrino mass spectrum and the structure of the neutrino mass matrix — together with present and future solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillation experiments. Some future double beta experiments (like GENIUS) will be capable to be simultaneously neutrino observatories for double beta decay and low-energy solar neutrinos, and observatories for cold dark matter of ultimate sensitivity.This invaluable book outlines the development of double beta research from its beginnings until its most recent achievements, and also presents the outlook for its highly exciting future.

Book Event Classification in Liquid Scintillator Using PMT Hit Patterns

Download or read book Event Classification in Liquid Scintillator Using PMT Hit Patterns written by Jack Dunger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-13 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The search for neutrinoless double beta decay is one of the highest priority areas in particle physics today; it could provide insights to the nature of neutrino masses (currently not explained by the Standard Model) as well as how the universe survived its early stages. One promising experimental approach involves the use of large volumes of isotope-loaded liquid scintillator, but new techniques for background identification and suppression must be developed in order to reach the required sensitivity levels and clearly distinguish the signal. The results from this thesis constitute a significant advance in this area, laying the groundwork for several highly effective and novel approaches based on a detailed evaluation of state-of-the-art detector characteristics. This well written thesis includes a particularly clear and comprehensive description of the theoretical motivations as well as impressively demonstrating the effective use of diverse statistical techniques. The professionally constructed signal extraction framework contains clever algorithmic solutions to efficient error propagation in multi-dimensional space. In general, the techniques developed in this work will have a notable impact on the field.

Book Searching for Neutrinoless Double beta Decay of Germanium 76 in the Presence of Backgrounds

Download or read book Searching for Neutrinoless Double beta Decay of Germanium 76 in the Presence of Backgrounds written by Alexis G. Schubert and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The neutrino, an elementary particle, has been the subject of experimental investigation for over 50 years. Recent experiments have shown that neutrinos have mass and oscillate, but questions about fundamental properties of the neutrino remain. The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay could determine whether lepton number is violated, discover whether the neutrino is its own antiparticle, and provide information about the absolute scale of neutrino mass. The MAJORANA Collaboration will search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of germanium-76 in an array of germanium detectors. Previous experiments indicate that the half life of this decay mode is greater than 1025 years. To be sensitive to this rate, MAJORANA must construct an ultra-low-background detector. MAJORANA is building the DEMONSTRATOR, a 40-kg detector array, at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The neutrinoless double-beta decay of 76-Ge would produce 76-Se and two electrons with 2039 keV of energy. The physics reach of the DEMONSTRATOR will be determined by the background count rate in a 4-keV energy region surrounding the 2039-keV Q-value. MAJORANA has a background goal of less than three counts in the energy region of interest per tonne-year of DEMONSTRATOR exposure. Projections of the DEMONSTRATOR's sensitivity are determined from a background energy-spectrum model based on material assay data and Monte Carlo simulation results. Understanding and minimization of backgrounds is critical to the success of the DEMONSTRATOR. MAJORANA Collaborators operate a low-background detector in a shielded environment at the Kimballton Underground Research Facility near Ripplemeade, Virginia. The contents of the detector cryostat are well known, making it a good candidate for testing the MAJORANA background model. This dissertation describes the creation of a background energy- spectrum model for the Kimballton detector. Energy spectra measured with the detector at Kimballton are compared to results of the background model, and implications for the DEMONSTRATOR are explored.

Book Exploring the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in the Inverted Neutrino Hierarchy with Bolometric Detectors

Download or read book Exploring the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in the Inverted Neutrino Hierarchy with Bolometric Detectors written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrinoless double beta decay (0nubb) is one of the most sensitive probes for physics beyond the Standard Model, providing unique information on the nature of neutrinos. In this paper we review the status and outlook for bolometric 0[nu][beta][beta] decay searches. We summarize recent advances in background suppression demonstrated using bolometers with simultaneous readout of heat and light signals. We simulate several configurations of a future CUORE-like bolometer array which would utilize these improvements and present the sensitivity reach of a hypothetical next-generation bolometric 0[nu][beta][beta] experiment. We demonstrate that a bolometric experiment with the isotope mass of about 1 ton is capable of reaching the sensitivity to the effective Majorana neutrino mass (

Book Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of Cd 116 with the NEMO 3 Experiment

Download or read book Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of Cd 116 with the NEMO 3 Experiment written by Raymond Benton Pahlka and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes the approach taken in measuring two neutrino double beta decay of Cd-116 to the ground state of Sn-116 and in searching for the effective Majorana neutrino mass by placing a lower limit on the half-life for neutrinoless double beta decay of Cd-116 using the powerful technique of a combined tracking chamber and calorimeter with the NEMO-3 detector. The description of the detector, its natural background contamination, and the tools used to perform the analysis are discussed. The single electron channel was used to identify source foil contamination from [beta]-emitters and the electron-gamma channel was used to confirm the previous measurements of Tl-208 and Bi-214 contaminations in the source foil. Using these backgrounds, the two neutrino double beta decay half-life of Cd-116 was measured for the single states dominance hypothesis and the higher states dominance hypothesis. The final data set was defined to be data from Phrase One and Phase Two for the medium and low activity regions. Using 1471 days of data, the values of the half-life for the single data dominance hypothesis and the higher states dominance hypothesis were found.

Book A New Limit on the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of 100mo

Download or read book A New Limit on the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of 100mo written by Joseph Mario Krivicich and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in Te With CUORE 0

Download or read book The Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in Te With CUORE 0 written by Jonathan Loren Ouellet and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the design, operation and results of an experimental search for neutrinoless double beta decay (0$\nu\beta\beta$) of $^$Te using the CUORE-0 detector. The discovery of 0$\nu\beta\beta$ would have profound implications for particle physics and our understanding of the Universe. Its discovery would demonstrate the violation of lepton number and imply that neutrinos are Majorana fermions and therefore their own anti-particles. Combined with other experimental results, the discovery of 0$\nu\beta\beta$ could also have implications for understanding the absolute neutrino mass scale as well as the presently unknown neutrino mass hierarchy. The CUORE experiment is a ton-scale search for 0$\nu\beta\beta$ in $^$Te expected to begin operation in late 2015. The first stage of this experiment is a smaller 39-kg active-mass detector called CUORE-0. This detector contains 11~kg of $^$Te and operates in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso lab in Italy from 2013 -- 2015. The results presented here are based on a $^\text{nat}$TeO$_2$ exposure of 35.2~kg$\cdot$yr, or 9.8~kg$\cdot$yr exposure of $^$Te collected between 2013 -- 2015. We see no evidence of 0$\nu\beta\beta$ and place an upper limit on the 0$\nu\beta\beta$ decay rate of $\Gamma_{0\nu\beta\beta}0.25\times10^{-24}$~yr$^{-1}$ (90\% C.L.), corresponding to a lower limit on the half-life of $T^{0\nu}_{1/2}2.8\times10^{24}$~yr (90\% C.L.). We combine the present result with the results of previous searches in $^$Te. Combining it with the 1.2~kg$\cdot$yr $^$Te exposure from the Three Towers Test run we place a half-life limit of $T_{1/2}^{0\nu}>3.3\times10^{24}$~yr (90\% C.L.). And combining these results with the 19.75~kg$\cdot$yr $^$Te exposure from CUORE-0ino, we place the strongest limit on the 0$\nu\beta\beta$ half-life of $^$Te to date, at $T^{0\nu}_{1/2}>4.5\times10^{24}$~yr (90\% C.L.). Using the present nuclear matrix element calculations for $^$Te, this result corresponds to a 90\% upper limit range on the effective Majorana mass of $m_{\beta\beta}

Book The Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with 130Te with CUORE 0

Download or read book The Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with 130Te with CUORE 0 written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the design, operation and results of an experimental search for neutrinoless double beta decay (0$\nu\beta\beta$) of $^$Te using the CUORE-0 detector. The discovery of 0$\nu\beta\beta$ would have profound implications for particle physics and our understanding of the Universe. Its discovery would demonstrate the violation of lepton number and imply that neutrinos are Majorana fermions and therefore their own anti-particles. Combined with other experimental results, the discovery of 0$\nu\beta\beta$ could also have implications for understanding the absolute neutrino mass scale as well as the presently unknown neutrino mass hierarchy. The CUORE experiment is a ton-scale search for 0$\nu\beta\beta$ in $^$Te expected to begin operation in late 2015. The first stage of this experiment is a smaller 39-kg active-mass detector called CUORE-0. This detector contains 11~kg of $^$Te and operates in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso lab in Italy from 2013 -- 2015. The results presented here are based on a $^\text{nat}$TeO$_2$ exposure of 35.2~kg$\cdot$yr, or 9.8~kg$\cdot$yr exposure of $^$Te collected between 2013 -- 2015. We see no evidence of 0$\nu\beta\beta$ and place an upper limit on the 0$\nu\beta\beta$ decay rate of $\Gamma_\text{0$\nu\beta\beta$}0.25\times10^{-24}$~yr$^{-1}$ (90\% C.L.), corresponding to a lower limit on the half-life of $T^{0\nu}_1/22.8\times10^{24}$~yr (90\% C.L.). We combine the present result with the results of previous searches in $^$Te. Combining it with the 1.2~kg$\cdot$yr $^$Te exposure from the Three Towers Test run we place a half-life limit of $T_1/2^{0\nu}>3.3\times10^{24}$~yr (90\% C.L.). And combining these results with the 19.75~kg$\cdot$yr $^$Te exposure from CUORE-0ino, we place the strongest limit on the 0$\nu\beta\beta$ half-life of $^$Te to date, at $T^{0\nu}_1/2>4.5\times10^{24}$~yr (90\% C.L.). Using the present nuclear matrix element calculations for $^$Te, this result corresponds to a 90\% upper limit range on the effective Majorana mass of $m_{\beta\beta}

Book Optimization of Selection Cuts to Discriminate Between Signal and Background for a Simulated Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Process as Indicator of Majorana Mass Mechanism for Neutrinos

Download or read book Optimization of Selection Cuts to Discriminate Between Signal and Background for a Simulated Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Process as Indicator of Majorana Mass Mechanism for Neutrinos written by Danielle Annette Wilkerson and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through neutrino oscillation experiments, it is now believed that neutrinos do indeed carry mass. However, with a broken helicity state, they cannot interact with the Higgs field as other fermions to gain mass. What mechanism gives neutrinos mass?This thesis contributes to a broader experiment at the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN to determine the mass generation mechanism for neutrinos. It is postulated that instead of a Dirac particle with a broken helicity state, neutrinos may be better described as a Majorana particle. In a Majorana configuration, the neutrino would be its own antiparticle with a complete helicity state. An observable signature that may indicate the neutrino as a Majorana particle is the neutrinoless double beta decay interaction. The observation of a neutrinoless double beta decay-like interaction in a collider would be strong evidence of a Majorana mass term in the Standard Model Lagrangian. This research aims to define discrimination between the neutrinoless double beta decay signal and interactions with similar signatures in simulated collider event data. These cuts would then be applied to actual collider run time data to allow for higher discernability of the potential neutrinoless double beta decay interaction.Multiple kinematic variables were investigated for discrimination between a potential neutrinoless double beta decay interaction and background processes that have similar signatures. Pre-selection cuts were determined by visual inspection of the variable histograms. Final selection cuts were made based upon selection efficiency calculations.

Book Frontiers in Physics 2017 2018 Editor s Choice

Download or read book Frontiers in Physics 2017 2018 Editor s Choice written by Thomas Beyer and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-02-22 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Launched in 2013, Frontiers in Physics consists of 18 specialties covering all areas of research in physics. With over 500 published manuscripts, the journal is now indexed in SCIE with the first impact factor coming in 2019. Frontiers in Physics aims to become the largest and most cited open access multidisciplinary physics journal. This eBook collects what the Specialty Chief Editors of the journal believed were the most interesting manuscripts published over the past two years. It is a nice collection, which will offer the reader the chance to have a quick overview of the specialties of the journal and offer a glimpse into the state of the art of physics. We must confess that it has been quite challenging to select only one article per specialty section given the many important manuscripts published by the journal in 2017 and 2018. We invite our reader to have a look at the journal homepage and browse what we have published so far. It includes articles on topics very different from each other, written by both early career scientists and well-known researchers, ranging from the indisputable advance of the field to the more bold. We hope you enjoy reading our first edition of the Frontiers in Physics Editor's Choice eBook! Professor Alex Hansen (Field Chief Editor) and Dr Claudio Bogazzi (Journal Manager)

Book Signal and Background Studies for the Search of Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in GERDA

Download or read book Signal and Background Studies for the Search of Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in GERDA written by Matteo Agostini and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: