Download or read book Background Processes in the Electrostatic Spectrometers of the KATRIN Experiment written by Susanne Mertens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrinos continue to be the most mysterious and, arguably, the most fascinating particles of the Standard Model as their intrinsic properties such as absolute mass scale and CP properties are unknown. The open question of the absolute neutrino mass scale will be addressed with unprecedented accuracy by the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment, currently under construction. This thesis focusses on the spectrometer part of KATRIN and background processes therein. Various background sources such as small Penning traps, as well as nuclear decays from single radon atoms are fully characterized here for the first time. Most importantly, however, it was possible to reduce the background in the spectrometer by more than five orders of magnitude by eliminating Penning traps and by developing a completely new background reduction method by stochastically heating trapped electrons using electron cyclotron resonance (ECR). The work beautifully demonstrates that the obstacles and challenges in measuring the absolute mass scale of neutrinos can be met successfully if novel experimental tools (ECR) and novel computing methods (KASSIOPEIA) are combined to allow almost background-free tritium ß-spectroscopy.
Download or read book Accurate Calibration of Raman Systems written by Magnus Schlösser and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-05 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrinos can arguably be labeled as the most fascinating elementary particles known as their small but non-zero rest mass points to new mass generating mechanisms beyond the Standard Model, and also assigns primordial neutrinos from the Big Bang a distinct role in shaping the evolution of large-scale structures in the universe. The open question of the absolute neutrino mass scale will be addressed by the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment, currently under construction. This thesis reports major contributions to developing and implementing new laser-spectroscopic precision tools to continuously monitor the isotope content of the windowless gaseous tritium source of KATRIN. The method of choice, Raman spectroscopy, is ideally suited for in-situ monitoring of all six hydrogen isotopologues. In a series of beautiful experiments the author obtained two independent novel calibration methods, first based on a comparison of experimental Raman depolarization ratios with corresponding quantum-chemical calculations, and second on a gas sampling technique. Both methods yield consistent cross-calibration results and, as well as yielding improvements in precision, will be of major importance in reducing systematic effects in long-term neutrino mass measurements. The methods developed in this thesis also have great potential to further broaden the applications of Raman spectroscopy to study extended sources such as in atmospheric physics.
Download or read book Particle Physics At The Year Of Light Proceedings Of The Seventeenth Lomonosov Conference On Elementary Particle Physics written by Alexander I Studenikin and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume of these proceedings is devoted to a wide variety of items, both in theory and experiment, of particle physics such as electroweak theory, fundamental symmetries, tests of the standard model and beyond, neutrino and astroparticle physics, hadron physics, gravitation and cosmology, physics at the present and future accelerator.
Download or read book Dark Matter in Astro and Particle Physics written by Hans Volker Klapdor-Kleingrothaus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The search for Dark Matter in the Universe has established itself as one of the most exciting and central fields of astrophysics, particle physics, and cosmology.
Download or read book Renewable Materials and Green Technology Products written by Shrikaant Kulkarni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable Materials and Green Technology Products: Environmental and Safety Aspects looks at the design, manufacture, and use of efficient, effective, safe, and more environmentally benign chemical products and processes. It includes a broad range of application-based solutions to the development of renewable materials and green technology. The latest trends in the green synthesis and properties of CNs are presented in the first chapter of this book for generating social awareness about sustainable developments. The book goes on to highlight the naissance and progressive trail of microwave-assisted synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles, for a clean and green technology tool. Chapters discuss green technological alternatives for the global abatement of air pollution, effective use and treatment of water and wastewater, renewable power generation from solar PV cells, carbon-based nanomaterials synthesized using green protocol for sustainable development, green technologies that help to achieve economic development without harming the environment, technical solutions to cut down the quantum of N losses, conventional processing techniques in developing the bionanocomposites as the biocatalyst, and more.
Download or read book Neutrino written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neutrino Mass written by Guido Altarelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-02-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the current state of knowledge of neutrino masses and the related question of neutrino oscillations. After an overview of the theory of neutrino masses and mixings, detailed accounts are given of the laboratory limits on neutrino masses, astrophysical and cosmological constraints on those masses, experimental results on neutrino oscillations, the theoretical interpretation of those results, and theoretical models of neutrino masses and mixings. The book concludes with an examination of the potential of long-baseline experiments. This is an essential reference text for workers in elementary-particle physics, nuclear physics, and astrophysics.
Download or read book Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on the Identification of Dark Matter written by Neil John Curwen Spooner and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this workshop series is to assess the status of work attempting to identify what constitutes dark matter - in particular, to consider the techniques being used, how successful they are, and what new techniques are likely to improve prospects for identifying likely dark matter candidates in the future.
Download or read book Measurements of Neutrino Mass written by Fernando Ferroni and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume offers a valuable insight into various aspects of the ongoing work directed at measuring neutrino mass. It took twenty years to refute the assertions of Bethe and Peierls that neutrinos were not observable, but it has since been realised that much can be learnt from these particles. The moral is, as Fiorini argues here, that the study of neutrinos was and remains demanding but rewarding. Subjects addressed in this volume include: clarifying the meaning of the Klapdor-Kleingrothaus results, probing the Majorana nature of neutrinos, observing lepton number violating effects for the first time, studying the end point of the spectrum in the search for neutrino masses and speculating whether it is possible to measure neutrino masses in cosmology. Lectures are enriched with rich historical overviews and valuable introductory material. Attention is also given to theoretical topics such as the evolution of the concept of mass in particle physics, a status report on neutrino oscillations and current discussion on neutrino masses. The reader is further reminded that neutrino masses may also have some bearing on the very origin of the matter among us, and have many deep links with other important lines of current physics research." --Book Jacket.
Download or read book XXV Physics in Collision written by Vladislav Simák and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2006-02-16 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prague, Czech Republic, 6-9 July 2005
Download or read book Astroparticle Particle And Space Physics Detectors And Medical Physics Applications Proceedings Of The 8th Conference written by Emilio Borchi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004-07-05 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exploration of the subnuclear world is carried out through increasingly complex experiments covering a wide range of energies and in a large variety of environments — from particle accelerators and underground detectors to satellites and space laboratories. For these research programs to succeed, novel techniques, new materials and new instrumentation need to be used in detectors, often on a large scale. This book reviews the advances made in all technological aspects of the experiments at various stages.The proceedings have been selected for coverage in:• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings® (ISTP® / ISI Proceedings)• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings)• CC Proceedings — Engineering & Physical Sciences
Download or read book High Energy Physics written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1981 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neutrino Physics written by Lars Bergstrm and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nobel Symposium 129 on Neutrino Physics was held at Haga Slott in Enkping, Sweden during August 19-24, 2004. Invited to the symposium were around 40 globally leading researchers in the field of neutrino physics, both experimental and theoretical.The dominant theme of the lectures was neutrino oscillations, which after several years were recently verified by results from the Super-Kamiokande detector in Kamioka, Japan and the SNO detector in Sudbury, Canada. Discussion focused especially on effects of neutrino oscillations derived from the presence of matter and the fact that three different neutrinos exist. Since neutrino oscillations imply that neutrinos have mass, this is the first experimental observation that fundamentally deviates from the standard model of particle physics. This is a challenge to both theoretical and experimental physics. The various oscillation parameters will be determined with increased precision in new, specially designed experiments. Theoretical physics is working intensively to insert the knowledge that neutrinos have mass into the theoretical models that describe particle physics. The lectures provided a very good description of the intensive situation in the field right now. The topics discussed also included mass models for neutrinos, neutrinos in extra dimensions as well as the ?seesaw mechanism,? which provides a good description of why neutrino masses are so small.This book is A4 size and in full color.
Download or read book Annual Report Nuclear Science Division written by Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. Nuclear Science and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Workshop on Calculation of Double Beta Decay Matrix Elements MEDEX 07 written by Osvaldo Civitarese and published by AIP Conference Proceedings / H. This book was released on 2007-10-29 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The determination of the properties of the neutrino is one of the most pursued goals of physics. The series of MEDEX Conferences, which started ten years ago, is devoted to the update of the experimental and theoretical information related to the nuclear double beta decay, which is the process that may, if observed, be the tool to answer the fundamental questions related to the neutrino mass scale. MEDEX is a unique forum for theoreticians and experimentalists active in the field.
Download or read book Rarefied Gas Dynamics written by Felix Sharipov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-23 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at both researchers and professionals who deal with this topic in their routine work, this introduction provides a coherent and rigorous access to the field including relevant methods for practical applications. No preceding knowledge of gas dynamics is assumed.
Download or read book Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some vols. consist of proceedings of the International School of Nuclear Physics, 1976-
