Download or read book Azolla Utilization written by and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1987 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Azolla As A Green Manure written by Thomas A Lumpkin and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 1982-10-17 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History. Botany and ecology. Physiology. Nursery culture and multiplication. Field Cultivation. Pests and pest control. Use in labor-intensive farming systems. Potential mechanization of azzola cultivation in rice fields. Other uses. Potential for the future.
Download or read book Practical Application of Azolla for Rice Production written by W. S. Silver and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Nitrogen Fixation Associated with Rice Production written by Mustafizur Rahman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-09 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) has become important in rice farming systems because this process diminishes the need for expensive chemical fertilizers which have been associated with numerous health and environmental problems. The extensive exploitation of BNF would provide economic benefits to small farmers, avoiding all malign influences of chemical fertilizers. Meanwhile, advances in biotechnology have brought rice genetics to the threshold of new opportunities for increasing rice production. This volume focuses, in six different sessions, on the role of BNF in the improvement of rice production in the light of the current state of the art of BNF technology transfer and diffusion. New ideas on BNF technology in research, extension information and inoculant technology are also included, together with the socio-economic impacts of using BNF in rice farm systems.
Download or read book Microbiology of Tropical Soils and Plant Productivity written by Y.R. Dommergues and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is an established fact that we must continually increase and improve agricultural production if we are to meet even the minimum requirements of a growing popu lation for food, shelter, and fuel. In recent years, the introduction of new plant varieties and the extensive use of fertilizers have effectively increased crop yields, but intensifying agricultural methods has often led to depleting soil fertility. Two examples of the harmful consequences of intensive farming practices are the loss of up to 2.5 cm of topsoil every 15 years in the United States through erosion and the alarming rise in environmental pollution through widespread use of pesticides. Countless other processes affecting the activity of soil micro flora and the inter actions between microorganisms and plants may pose an equal danger to soil equilibrium, but their potential hazards are often overlooked because of an insufficient understanding of soil microbiology on the part of scientists. In the first published study of its kind, the authors of this book have attempted to address major aspects of the microbial activity of soil in the tropics. Tropical conditions serve as an ideal context for a discussion of soil microbiology, since biological processes in the soil are particularly active in tropical environments in comparison to other settings and in relation to physical and chemical processes.
Download or read book Genetic Engineering for Nitrogen Fixation written by Alexander Hollaender and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a time in scientific research when a number of developments coincide making it possible to progress with a tough and complicated problem. It is believed that such a time has come in the area of biological nitrogen fixation. A better understanding of photosynthesis, cell hybridization, plasmid, and gene transfer between cells not necessarily genetically related, have opened new avenues of research. New developments in traditional genetics, cell biology, biochemistry, including enzyme chemistry, and plant physi ology have brought about the feeling this is a most appro priate time to pull together the different approaches in a conference where the lines of research could be discussed and thus help to speed up developments in this area. What makes biological nitrogen fixation especially im portant is the promise that a good understanding of the basic problem would help us to make organisms more amenable to fix nitrogen, not only in symbiosis with legumes, but also with other plant species and develop a wider variety of organisms with the ability to fix N • It will also 2 encourage a search for naturally occurring N2 fixing organ isms other than the traditional N2 fixers. Some success has already been encountered in this area. Success in broadening the field of nitrogen fixing would help to increase food supply, especially in de veloping countries which cannot afford to purchase synthetic nitrogen sources.
Download or read book A Primer on Azolla Production Utilization in Agriculture written by M. Manzoor Khan and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Practical Application of Azolla for Rice Production written by W.S. Silver and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of rice has increased considerably in recent years due to the release of improved varieties and the adoption of better fertilization practices. Nevertheless, the production and use of inorganic N fertilizer involves costly investments in terms of energy and transport, the need for complex manufacturing plants, as well as the potential for environmental pollution. The use of agricultural systems that include dinitrogen fixing organisms appears to be an economically sound cultural practice. In the particular case of rice, biological nitrogen fixation by Azolla, blue-green algae (BGA), and heterotrophic microorganisms has long been recognized, in southeast Asia, as a fertilizer for rice culture. The Azolla-Anabaena association has the unique property of being able to retain a significant amount of nitrogenase activity in the presence of combined nitrogen, making the system compatible with inorganic nitrogen fertilization. Researchers working with Azolla (N fixation) are dispersed in 2 countries of southeast Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America, making it difficult to share ideas, concepts and research results on a more personal basis. Considering the potential positive impact of growing rice in association with Azolla, and the lack, to date, of an international gathering of scientists dedicated to Azolla research, the First International Workshop on "Practical Applications of Azolla for Rice Production" was organized by the University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez Campus.
Download or read book Isotopic Studies of Azolla and Nitrogen Fertilization of Rice written by K.S. Kumarasinghe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen is the most limiting element for crop production. Traditionally, expensive commercial fertilizers are used to correct soil nitrogen deficiencies. Indeed, 50% of the increase in rice yields after World War II can be attributed to increased fertilizer nitrogen use. Although an increased rate of fertilizer nitrogen application has been advocated to meet the growing demand for food, it is unrealistic to advise the farmers to apply fertilizers they could hardly afford, and whose prices are likely to escalate in the years ahead. In addition, when they are not applied judiciously there are problems of environmental pollution as plants are capable of taking up only a relatively small portion of the applied nitrogen, a substantial amount being lost through various chemical and biological processes. The exploitation of cheaper alternatives or supplements to fertilizers have therefore gained much interest in recent years. Our increased interest in biological nitrogen fixation as a supplement or alternative to nitrogen fertilizers led to the convening of a consultants' meeting on `The Role of Isotopes in Studies on Nitrogen Fixation and Nitrogen Cycling by Blue-Green Algae and the Azolla-Anabaena azollae Association', in Vienna from 11--15 October 1982. The consultants' group recommended that the Joint FAI/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture embark on a coordinated research programme in this field and that initial emphasis should be placed on Azolla-Anabaena symbiosis. As a result, such a programme was initiated in 1984, which was concluded in 1989. The results and conclusions reported here are those that were generated during the five years of its operation.
Download or read book First International Meeting on Microbial Phosphate Solubilization written by E. Velazquez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-27 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2002, sixty international specialists met to discuss problems of high P-unavailability as a soil nutrient for crops, and the hazards of increased phosphate input to aquatic habitats from industrial and mining activities, sewage disposal, detergents, and other sources. Among the presentations were updated solutions to enhance P-uptake by plants, bioremediation potential in the rehabilitation of ecosystems, taxonomic characterization interactions with mycorrizae, the physiological and molecular basis of PSM, and more.
Download or read book The Effect of Azolla on Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice wheat Rotations of Nepal written by Junoo Kamal Tuladhar and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2004 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The low productivity of the rice-wheat cropping system in Nepal is associated with a low efficiency of applied mineral N in rice. The aquatic fern Azolla was used to reduce N losses via ammonia volatilization from the flooded lowland rice in farmers' field conditions in Nepal. The Azolla cover changed the floodwater chemistry, thus reducing ammonia volatilization losses. The use of Azolla in combination with Urea increased rice yields by 15% and reduced urea-N losses from 17-38% to 2-8%. A combined use of Azolla and urea is a viable option to enhance the productivity of rice-wheat systems in Nepal.
Download or read book The Azolla Cooking and Cultivation Project written by and published by Erik Sjödin. This book was released on 2012 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Om ett konstprojekt med mossbräknar.
Download or read book Azolla written by Pedro D. Sangatanan and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Azolla Biofertilizer for Sustainable Rice Production written by Sadasivam Kannaiyan and published by Daya Books. This book was released on 2005 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book entitled Azolla Biofertilizer for Sustainable Rice Production contains the valuable informations from the vast experiences of the authors Professor Dr S Kannaiyan and Dr K Kumar in the field of Azolla-Anabaena symbiosis for the past 25 years. It is written with the objective of providing basic knowledge and practical technologies on the effective utilization of Azolla as an ecofriendly and economically viable biofertilizer for sustainable rice production. It gives an access to the latest informations on the biology of Azolla, growth, sporulation, N2 fixation, ammonia assimilation and mineralization process in rice ecosystem. It offers a good deal of practical technologies for maximum exploitation of the potential status of Azolla biofertilizer viz., mass production techniques of fresh biomass, sporocarp inoculum, carrier based immobilized cyanobacterial inoculant, field application and methods for enhancing N use efficiency of this technology. It also covers the utilty of Azolla as supplemental animal feed and the economics of usage of Azolla as biofertilizer for rice. Illustrative colour photographs have been included in various chapters for easy understanding of the subject by readers. This book will be very useful for the scientists, researchers, postgraduate students, extension workers and voluntary organizations involved in the crop management technology for sustainable rice production. Contents Chapter 1: Azolla Biofertilizer: Potentials and Prospects; Chapter 2: Biological Fertilizers for Sustainable Crop Production in Rice Based System; Chapter 3: Origin of Azolla Cultivation; Chapter 4: Taxonomy and Morphological Characters of Azolla; Chapter 5: Biodiversity of Azolla and its Algal Symbiont Anabaena azollae as Revealed by Molecular and Immunological Studies; Chapter 6: Growth Rate and Doubling Time of Azolla; Chapter 7: Molecular Biology and Ultrastructures of Azolla Anabaena Symbiosis; Chapter 8: Algal Symbionts of Azolla; Chapter 9: Nutrition of Azolla; Chapter 10: Factors Influencing the Growth of Azolla; Chapter 11: Nitrogen Fixation by Azolla; Chapter 12: Assimilation of Carbon and Nitrogen in the Symbiotic Association of Azolla Anabaena System; Chapter 13: Sporulation Process in Azolla and Sporocarp Technology for Rice; Chapter 14: Azolla as Biofertilizer for Rice; Chapter 15: Immobilization of Cyanobacteria in Solid Matrix; Chapter 16: Ammonia Production by the Immobilized Cyanobacteria for Rice Crop; Chapter 17: Production and Application of Azolla Fresh Biomass and Sporocarp Inoculum for Rice; Chapter 18: Nitrification Inhibitors with Azolla on Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice Crop; Chapter 19: Pests of Azolla; Chapter 20: Black Rot Disease Interactions and Nitrogen Fixation in Azolla; Chapter 21: Azolla as Animal Feed; Chapter 22: Economic Analysis of Azolla Use.
Download or read book Biofertilizers written by Inamuddin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-03 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Great attention has been paid to reduce the use of conventional chemical fertilizers harming living beings through food chain supplements from the soil environment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative sustainable fertilizers to enhance soil sustainability and agriculture productivity. Biofertilizers are the substance that contains microorganisms (bacteria, algae, and fungi) living or latent cells that can enrich the soil quality with nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, organic matter, etc. They are a cost-effective, biodegradable, and renewable source of plant nutrients/supplements to improve the soil-health properties. Biofertilizers emerge as an attractive alternative to chemical fertilizers, and as a promising cost-effective technology for eco-friendly agriculture and a sustainable environment that holds microorganisms which enhance the soil nutrients' solubility leading a raise in its fertility, stimulates crop growth and healthy food safety. This book provides in-depth knowledge about history and fundamentals to advances biofertilizers, including latest reviews, challenges, and future perspectives. It covers fabrication approaches, and various types of biofertilizers and their applications in agriculture, environment, forestry and industrial sectors. Also, organic farming, quality control, quality assurance, food safety and case-studies of biofertilizers are briefly discussed. Biofertilizers' physical properties, affecting factors, impact, and industry profiles in the market are well addressed. This book is an essential guide for farmers, agrochemists, environmental engineers, scientists, students, and faculty who would like to understand the science behind the sustainable fertilizers, soil chemistry and agroecology.
Download or read book The Complete Technology Book on Biofertilizer and Organic Farming 2nd Revised Edition written by NIIR Board and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofertilizers are seen as an important alternative technology, since the negative externalities of chemical fertilizers have become well known. The use of the latter has led to considerable environmental cost. Biofertilizers do not pollute the soil and do not disrupt the ecological balance, and hence are environment friendly. An increasing number of farmers are using biofertilizers, and the numbers of biofertilizer manufacturing units have also grown considerably. Organic farming system in India is not new and is being followed from ancient time. It is a method of farming system which primarily aimed at cultivating the land and raising crops in such a way, as to keep the soil alive and in good health by use of organic wastes (crop, animal and farm wastes, aquatic wastes) and other biological materials along with beneficial microbes (biofertilizers) to release nutrients to crops for increased sustainable production in an eco friendly pollution free environment. Organic farming has emerged as an important priority area globally in view of the growing demand for safe and healthy food and long term sustainability and concerns on environmental pollution associated with indiscriminate use of agrochemicals. Going organic may be a clear way of getting back to basics and getting away from the havoc chemicals can wreak on our health and our environment but the basics themselves may not be so clear. This book provides the view of immense potential of biofertilizers as a supplementary nutrient source for the crops and covers all major types of bacterial fertilizers. The major contents of this book is crop response to biofertilizers, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilising microorganisms, application and evaluation techniques, biogas production, pest and disease management system in agriculture, production, promotion, quality control, marketing, future research planning, photographs and details of machineries, list of manufacturers and suppliers of biofertilizers and organic farming in directory section. This book will be of use and interest to consultants, researchers, libraries, and entrepreneurs, manufacturers of biofertilizer and for those who wants to venture in to this field.
Download or read book Biofertilizer Germplasm Collections at IRRI written by I. Watanabe and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1992 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction; Azolla; Blue-green algae; Aquatic legumes - rhizobia; Free-living N2-fixing bacteria.
