Download or read book From Saladin to the Mongols written by R. Stephen Humphreys and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1977-01-01 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Upon the death of Saladin in 1193, his vast empire, stretching from the Yemen to the upper reaches of the Tigris, fell into the hands of his Ayyubid kinsmen. These latter parceled his domains into a number of autonomous principalities, though some common identity was maintained by linking these petty states into a loose confederation, in which each local prince owed allegiance to the senior member of the Ayyubid house. Such an arrangement was, of course, highly unstable, and at first glance Ayyubid history appears to be no more than a succession of unedifying squabbles among countless rival princelings, until at last the family's hegemony was extinguished by two events: 1) a coup d'état staged by the palace guard in Egypt in 1250, and 2) the Mongol occupation of Syria, brief but destructive, in 1260. But appearances to the contrary, the obscure quarrels of Saladin's heirs embodied a political revolution of highest importance in Syro-Egyptian history. The seven decades of Ayyubid rule mark the slow and sometimes violent emergence of a new administrative relationship between Egypt and Syria, one in which Syria was subjected to close centralized control from Cairo for the unprecedented period of 250 years. These years saw also the gradual decay of a form of government--the family confederation--which had been the most characteristic political structure of Western Iran and the Fertile Crescent for three centuries, and its replacement by a unitary autocracy. Finally, it was under the Ayyubids that the army ceased to be an arm of the state and became, in effect, the state itself. When these internal developments are seen in the broader context of world history as it affected Syria during the first half of the thirteenth century--Italian commercial expansion, the Crusades of Frederick II and St. Louis, the Mongol expansion--then the great intrinsic interest of Ayyubid history becomes apparent. Professor Humphreys has developed these themes through close examination of the political fortunes of the Ayyubid princes of Damascus. For Damascus, though seldom the capital of the Ayyubid confederation, was, nevertheless, its hinge. The struggle for regional autonomy vs. centralization, for Syrian independence vs. Egyptian domination, was fought out at Damascus, and the city was compelled to stand no less than eleven sieges during the sixty-seven years of Ayyubid rule. Almost every political process of real significance either originated with the rulers of Damascus or was closely reflected in their policy and behavior. The book is cast in the form of a narrative, describing a structure of politics which was in no way fixed and static, but dynamic and constantly evolving. Indeed, the book does not so much concern the doings of a group of rather obscure princes as it does the values and attitudes which underlay and shaped their behavior. The point of the narrative is precisely to show what these values were, how they were expressed in real life, and how they changed into quite new values in the course of time.
Download or read book Ayyubid Jerusalem 1187 1250 written by Mahmoud Hawari and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 2007 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brief historical overview of the Ayyubid state, the major factors on which it was based, makes the first chapter. The sources of information utilised in this research are illustrated in the second chapter. Chapter three deals with Jerusalem in the political context of the Ayyubid state: the role Jerusalem played in the propagation of jihad against the Franks; the administrative and demographic changes introduced by the Ayyubids. Chapter four examines the architectural changes that were introduced by the Ayyubids, emphasising how political and socio- economic factors determined construction projects in the city. Chapter five constitutes the core of the book: a catalogue of the extant Ayyubid buildings in Jerusalem. These are grouped chronologically, with detailed architectural, archaeological and historical analysis, as well as interpretations of their structural evolution.
Download or read book Medieval Islamic Civilization written by Josef W. Meri and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the socio-cultural history of the regions where Islam took hold between the 7th and 16th century. This two-volume work contains 700 alphabetically arranged entries, and provides a portrait of Islamic civilization. It is of use in understanding the roots of Islamic society as well to explore the culture of medieval civilization.
Download or read book A History of Islamic Societies written by Ira M. Lapidus and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-22 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ira Lapidus' classic history of the origins and evolution of Muslim societies, revised and updated for this second edition, first published in 2002.
Download or read book The Military Orders Volume VII written by Nicholas Morton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Military Orders essay collections arising from the quadrennial conferences held at Clerkenwell in London have come to represent an international point of reference for scholars. This present volume brings together twenty-nine papers given at the seventh iteration of this event. The studies offered here cover regions as disparate as Prussia, Iberia and the Eastern Mediterranean and chronologically span topics from the Twelfth to the Twentieth century. They draw attention to little used textual and non-textual sources, advance challenging new methodologies, and help to place these military-religious institutions in a broader context.
Download or read book Ayyubids Mamlukes and Crusaders The translation written by Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd al-Raḥim Ibn al-Furāt and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A History of the Ayy bid Sultans of Egypt written by Aḥmad ibn ʻAlī Maqrīzī and published by Macmillan Reference USA. This book was released on 1980 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Popularisation of Sufism in Ayyubid and Mamluk Egypt 1173 1325 written by Nathan Hofer and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-07 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first systematic investigation of how and why Sufism became extraordinarily popular across Egypt in the 12th - 14th centuries.
Download or read book An Ayyubid Notable and his World written by Morray and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the life and milieu of the thirteenth-century northern Syrian statesman and author Ibn al-‘Adīm, as reflected in his principal work, the dictionary of people associated with his native Aleppo, the Bughyat al-ṭalab fī ta’rīkh ḥalab. The book is an examination of the text, in particular Ibn al-‘Adīm's biographies of his contemporaries, and a discussion of topics suggested by the material. These include the influence of different groups within Aleppo, why and how the dictionary was written, and the personality of the author himself. The study adds social, literary and human dimensions to our knowledge of the place and period. It is also a lucid guide to a long neglected source, the extant Arabic text which has only recently been published in full.
Download or read book Raqqa Revisited written by Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.) and published by Metropolitan Museum of Art. This book was released on 2006 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "What follows in these pages is the chronicle of ceramic objects unearthed in Raqqa in the first quarter of the twentieth century. Marilyn Jenkins-Madina, Curator Emerita of Islamic Art at the Metropolitan Museum, describes the dramatic journey of these ceramics from their discovery in the medieval city to the emporiums of Paris and New York, the drawing rooms of the great collectors, and the galleries of the Metropolitan Museum. Using art-historical detective work, archival documents, and scientific data, the author convincingly establishes provenance and dating, placing these objects - some of the most exquisite ever produced by Islamic potters - in a secure historical context for the first time."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Muslim Fortresses in the Levant written by Kate Raphael and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-13 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During much of the twelfth century the Crusaders dominated the military scene in the Levant. The unification of Egypt and Syria by Saladin gradually changed the balance of power, which slowly begun to tilt in favour of the Muslims. This book examines the development and role of Muslim fortresses in the Levant at the time of the Crusaders and the Mongol invasion, situating the study within a broad historical, political and military context. Exploring the unification of Egypt with a large part of Syria and its effect on the balance of power in the region, Raphael gives a historical overview of the resulting military strategies and construction of fortresses. A detailed architectural analysis is based on a survey of four Ayyubid and eight Mamluk fortresses situated in what are today the modern states of Jordan, Israel, Southern Turkey and Egypt (the Sinai Peninsula). The author then explores the connection between strongholds or military architecture, and the development of siege warfare and technology, and examines the influence of architecture and methods of rule on the concept of defence and the development of fortifications. Drawing upon excavation reports, field surveys and contemporary Arabic sources, the book provides the Arabic architectural terminology and touches on the difficulties of reading the sources. Detailed maps of the fortresses in the region, the Mongol invasion routs, plans of sites and photographs assist the reader throughout the book, providing an important addition to existing literature in the areas of Medieval Archaeology, Medieval military history and Middle Eastern studies.
Download or read book The Military Orders written by Jochen Schenk; Mike Carr and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Crusades written by Carole Hillenbrand and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coinciding with the 900th anniversary of the Crusades, this book is the first general introduction to some of the wider aspects of the history of the Crusades. Prepared by Carole Hillenbrand, a leading authority with a world-wide reputation, The The Crusade is unique in covering the Crusades from the Muslim perspective; it is also a timely reflection on how the phenomenon of the Crusades influenced the Muslim world, then and now--militarily, culturally, and psychologically. The Crusades discusses a group of themes designed to highlight how Muslims reacted to the alien presence of the Crusaders in the heart of traditional Muslim territory. Ideological concerns are examined, and the importance of the concept of jihad is assessed in the context of the gradual recovery of the Holy Land and the expulsion of the Crusaders. There are also chapters devoted to an analysis of the warfare--arms, battles, sieges, fortifications--on the basis of written sources and extant works of art. Also extensively discussed is the complex issue of the interaction between Muslims and Crusaders in a social, economic, and cultural setting. The epilogue traces the profound impact of the Crusades on Muslim consciousness up to the present day. The Crusades is also lavishly illustrated with 500 black-and-white pictures and two full color-plate sections.
Download or read book Saladin the Almohads and the Ban Gh niya written by Amar S. Baadj and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2015-08-11 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Saladin, the Almohads and the Banū Ghāniya, Amar Baadj gives us the first comprehensive, modern study of a fascinating but little-known episode in the history of the medieval Mediterranean. This is the story of the long struggle between the Almohad caliphs of the Maghrib, the Banū Ghāniya of Majorca, and the Ayyubids for dominance of North Africa. The author makes use of important textual sources that have been ignored as well as new archaeological evidence to challenge some of the basic assumptions about the events in question. He also successfully places these events in their wider temporal and geographical context for the first time.
Download or read book Egypt and Syria in the Fatimid Ayyubid and Mamluk Eras written by Urbain Vermeulen and published by Peeters Publishers. This book was released on 1995 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each volume deals with a wide variety of scholarly subjects, all revolving around the central theme of Syro-Egypt's high and late medieval history. Topics dealt with include archaeology, architecture, codicology, economic, political, and religious history, as well as belles-lettres.
Download or read book Coptic Identity and Ayyubid Politics in Egypt 1218 1250 written by Kurt J. Werthmuller and published by American University in Cairo Press. This book was released on 2010-05-01 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the life and writings of Cyril III Ibn Laqlaq, 75th patriarch of the Coptic Orthodox Church, along with a variety of Christian and Muslim chroniclers, this study explores the identity and context of the Christian community of Egypt and its relations with the leadership of the Ayyubid dynasty in the early thirteenth century. Kurt Werthmuller introduces new scholarship that illuminates the varied relationships between medieval Christians of Egypt and their Muslim neighbors. Demonstrating that the Coptic community was neither passive nor static, the author discusses the active role played by the Copts in the formation and evolution of their own identity within the wider political and societal context of this period. In particular, he examines the boundaries between Copts and the wider Egyptian society in the Ayyubid period in three "in-between spaces": patriarchal authority, religious conversion, and monasticism.
Download or read book Egypt and Syria in the Fatimid Ayyubid and Mamluk Eras IV written by D. De Smet and published by Peeters Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each volume deals with a wide variety of scholarly subjects, all revolving around the central theme of Syro-Egypt's high and late medieval history. Topics dealt with include archaeology, architecture, codicology, economic, political, and religious history, as well as belles-lettres.
