Download or read book Avoiding Customer and Taxpayer Bailouts in Private Infrastructure Projects written by David Ehrhardt and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many private infrastructure projects mix regulation that subjects the private company to considerable risk, a government or regulator that is reluctant to see the company go bankrupt, and high leverage on the part of the company. If all goes well, equityholders make a profit, debtholders are repaid, customers pay no more than they expected, and the government is not called on to bail the company out. If all goes badly enough, however, the prospect of bankruptcy will loom. Unwilling to see the company go bankrupt, however, the regulator will have to permit an unscheduled price increase, or the government will have to inject taxpayers' money into the firm. In other words, the combination means customers and taxpayers bear more risk than would appear from the regulations governing the private infrastructure project. The authors examine how these problems have played out in five cases. Then they describe how governments and regulators can quantify the extent of the problems and, using option-pricing techniques, value the customer and taxpayer guarantees involved. Finally, the authors analyze three options for mitigating the problem: making bankruptcy a more credible threat, limiting the private operator's leverage, and reducing the private operator's exposure to risk. The authors conclude that appropriate policy depends on the tax system, the feasibility of enforcing bankruptcy, and the benefits of risk transfer from taxpayer to the private sector.

Download or read book Avoiding Customer and Taxpayer Bailouts in Private Infrastructure Projects written by David Ehrhardt and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Urban Infrastructure Finance from Private Operators written by Patricia Clarke Annez and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author examines the role of private participation in infrastructure (PPI) in mobilizing finance for key urban services, that is, urban roads, municipal solid waste management, and water and sanitation since the early 1990s when private participation came to be seen as a key element in infrastructure development. Her review indicates that for financing urban services, PPI has disappointed-playing a far less significant role than was hoped for, and which might be expected given the attention it has received and continues to receive in strategies to mobilize financing for infrastructure. Looking beyond the number, the author examines transactions and finds that there are good reasons-practical, political, economic and institutional-for these disappointments. Recommending that cities in developing countries try harder is not likely to relieve all these constraints. Experience shows that there are a number of features that raise the risk profile of urban infrastructure for private investors, which has meant that the bulk of the transactions that have taken place have been exceptions rather than harbingers of a growing trend. Many of the measures that could reduce the risk profile are outside the control of many cities, others unlikely to change, and yet another group of steps to be taken that would improve prospects for urban service provision, whether in the hands of public or private operators. These findings suggest a more pragmatic and selective approach to the focus on PPI as a source of finance, and more focus on the array of some of the fundamental steps, among them strengthening the public finances of cities to improve both the capacity to deliver services and to reduce the risks that private investors must take when they invest in urban infrastructure.

Download or read book Public Private Partnerships in Infrastructure written by Kumar V. Pratap and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides readers with a clear understanding of infrastructure challenges, how Public‐Private Partnerships (PPP) can help, and their use in practice. Infrastructure bottlenecks are generally considered the most important constraint to growth in many countries worldwide. Historically, infrastructure projects have been financed and implemented by the state. However, owing to the fiscal resource crunch, time and cost over‐runs, and the general poor quality of publicly provided infrastructure, many emerging market governments, including India, have increasingly adopted PPPs with billions of dollars of investment riding on them. The results have been varied – from spectacular airports like the Delhi International Airport Limited with the associated controversy over land use, to the renegotiation of contracts as in the case of Tata Mundra Ultra Mega Power Project. Illustrating concepts with relevant case studies, the book makes the challenges of PPPs understandable to industry and management practitioners as well as students of management, public policy and economics. It is useful to practitioners wishing to avoid the pitfalls in the tricky terrain of PPPs and policymakers wanting guidance in crafting proper incentives. It also helps students gain a holistic and “applied” understanding of this increasingly important and popular model. “Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) in India are currently under stress. A comprehensive treatment of the subject by a long-time and erudite practitioner and a management academic, this book should be useful to students trying to learn the basics, while also being valuable to professionals and policy makers. The book suggests that the Government should hold bidders accountable to their submitted bids, thereby preserving sanctity of contract. This will discourage aggressive bidding which has become a serious and endemic problem. The book also suggests the use of better bidding criteria to mitigate traffic risk in transport projects. Policy makers should pay heed to these suggestions as they consider improvements in the PPP policy regime going forward.”—Arvind Subramanian, Chief Economic Adviser, India/div “For a fast-growing India, infrastructure creation and operation is a great challenge and opportunity. This excellent book combines theory and practice on PPPs, and is very useful for professionals and students alike. With case studies and current developments, the authors bring out issues in India with global experiences as well. A must-read for infrastructure practitioners.”—Shailesh Pathak, Chief Executive (Designate), L&T Infrastructure Development Projects Limited “India’s program of private participation in infrastructure attracted worldwide attention as it became one of the largest programs in emerging markets. As well as the volumes of finance mobilized, it garnered interest because of some of the innovative approaches developed, such as Viability Gap Funding. The Indian PPP story is well captured in this book, which also makes the point that India is seeing project cancellations and failures rise. The authors analyze the factors behind this and point the way to a more robust PPP market that learns from the experiences of the past.”—Clive Harris, Practice Manager, Public-Private Partnerships, World Bank/div

Download or read book How to Control the Fiscal Costs of Public Private Partnerships written by Mr.Timothy C Irwin and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This note discusses what finance ministries can do to ensure that public-private partnerships (PPPs) are used wisely. By inviting private participation in infrastructure development and service provision, PPPs can help improve public services. Yet, strong governance institutions are needed to manage risks and avoid unexpected costs from PPPs. While in the short term, PPPs may appear cheaper than traditional public investment, over time they can turn out to be more expensive and undermine fiscal sustainability, particularly when governments ignore or are unaware of their deferred costs and associated fiscal risks. To use PPPs wisely governments should (1) develop and implement clear rules for their use; (2) identify, quantify, and disclose PPP risks and expected costs; and (3) reform budget and government accounting frameworks to capture all fiscal costs comprehensively.

Download or read book The Economics of Infrastructure Provisioning written by Arnold Picot and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complexities of financing, installing, implementing, and regulating public infrastructures, including empirical research, analytical models, and theoretical insights. Infrastructures—tangible, intangible, and institutional public facilities, from bridges to health care—are a vital precondition for economic and societal wellbeing. There has been an increasing awareness that we cannot rely on market forces for infrastructure investment and maintenance. In this volume, experts from Europe, North and South America, and Asia examine the complexities of financing, installing, implementing, and regulating public infrastructures. Their contributions span a range of methodological approaches, including historical and empirical research, analytical models, theoretical analysis, and sector and regional case studies; they consider the economics of infrastructure provisioning by government, through private-public partnerships, and privatization arrangements. The book first treats general investment, growth, and policy issues, and then offers sector-specific analyses of transportation, energy, telecommunications, and water infrastructures. The chapters cover topics that include the evolution of historical infrastructure; the relationships between the state and private finance in funding and financing infrastructure; and the relevance of infrastructure for economic growth. Contributors Julio C. Aguirre, Laure Athias, Stephen J. Bailey, Sumedha Bajar, Biswa Nath Bhattacharyay, Federico Boffa, Daniel Danau, Sumit S. Deole, Balázs Egert, Massimo Florio, Stephan Fretz, Asmae El Gallaa, Marco Giorgino, Hugh Goldsmith, Nico Grove, Markus Hofmann, Lynne Kiesling, Johann Kranz, Antonio Nunez, Arnold Picot, Michael Pollitt, Olivier Crespi Reghizzi, Martina Santandrea, Stéphane Straub, Annalisa Vinella

Download or read book Public Private Partnerships in the Water Sector written by Cledan Mandri-Perrott and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public sector funding and resources are often inadequate to meet increasing demands for investment and effective management, and a growing case history shows increasing involvement by the private sector in provision of infrastructure and services through PPP arrangements. The objective of this book is to determine, and make recommendations on, means of optimizing the use of Public Private Partnerships (PPP) in development of infrastructure whilst ensuring the sustainable long term provision of water and waste water services. The focus is on providing detailed recommendations on contractual issues and contract structures to achieve this objective. Public Private Partnerships in the Water Sector - Innovation and Financial Sustainability: Identifies what is needed to establish effective and sustainable water and wastewater service reform when using a PPP arrangement, and importantly how those issues can be addressed contractually. Provides specific recommendations of a comprehensive and detailed approach to contract drafting to ensure effective, sustainable and long term provision of water and wastewater services, including an approach for adaptation of public procurement procedures for PPP arrangements. Recommends a proposed approach to dealing with the influence of imperfect or unavailable data on the long term effectiveness or sustainability. This is a practical and pragmatic book in which the authors share their considerable experience on devising and implementing PPPs in the water sector. It is aimed primarily at practitioners working with developing countries but its recommendations will also be suitable for application in developed countries. It is also a useful reference for postgraduates and academics studying infrastructure development. See also: Public and Private Participation in the Water and Wastewater Sector - Developing Sustainable Legal Mechanisms, Cledan Mandri-Perrott, 2009 Private Sector Participation in Water Infrastructure, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), 2009.

Download or read book Advances in Infrastructure Finance written by Raghu Dharmapuri Tirumala and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-18 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines advanced approaches to finance infrastructure projects. In doing so, it synthesizes developments and generates new understandings in the field. Infrastructure financing has moved beyond traditional government funding, multilateral assistance, and project finance, to a diverse set of innovative approaches, increasing participation from private, institutional, commercial, and philanthropic investors. Chapters in the book discuss various infrastructure finance themes including the dynamism of project finance, diversification of multilateral assistance into various concessional and guarantee instruments, the surge of green and other thematic bonds, the role of land value capture, funded and unfunded risk mitigation options, growth of private institutional markets, and asset recycling. Given that developments in infrastructure finance are followed by many financial institutions, private developers, public sector policymakers, consulting firms and academic institutions, a researched discussion on the subject will help readers reflect on, compare and contrast the emerging trends in relation to their practice.

Download or read book Approaches to Private Participation in Water Services written by PPIAF. and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This informative toolkit provides options for the design of policies to facilitate the delivery of good quality water and sanitation services to the poor. It highlights the need for tariffs, investment, stakeholder consultation, and regulatory policies to address the affordability and sustainability of those services.

Download or read book The Public Private Partnership Handbook written by Malcolm Morley and published by Kogan Page Publishers. This book was released on 2015-10-03 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world of increasingly complex and sophisticated market problems, the public sector and the private sector need each other. Where traditional models of working together can't capture this complexity, there is space for a new, dynamic approach. This approach recognizes innovative models of working in partnership to suit different circumstances. The Public-Private Partnership Handbook explores the full range of opportunities for growth, success and benefits that can be achieved through smart joint working and strategic partnerships. Covering the full lifecycle of a public-private partnership, from initial planning to managed exit and service continuity, The Public-Private Partnership Handbook gives managers and decision-makers the tools and knowledge to forge powerful and mutually beneficial partnerships between public and private sector entities. Key topics such as understanding and aligning organizational values and cultures, dealing with joint intellectual property, managing risk and sharing rewards, coping with asymmetry, managing performance, and agreeing accountability processes are explored in depth with tools and techniques for informed decision-making.

Download or read book Public Private Partnerships in Sub Saharan Africa written by James Leigland and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expectations are high regarding the potential benefits of public-private partnerships (PPPs) for infrastructure development in low-income countries. The development community, led by the G20, the United Nations, and others, expects these partnerships between goverments and private companies in infrastructure service provision to aid "transformational" mega-projects, as well as efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Yet PPPs have been widely used only since the 1990s, and discussion of their efficacy is still dominated by best-practice guidance, academic studies that focus on developed countries, or ideological criticism. Meanwhile, practitioners have quietly accumulated a large body of empirical evidence on the actual performance of PPPs. The purpose of this book is to summarize and consolidate what this critical mass of evidence-based research indicates about PPPs in low-income countries, and thereby develop a more realistic perspective on the practical value of these mechanisms. With a primary focus on Sub-Saharan Africa, though drawing on critical insights from other regions, it demonstrates that the benefits of such partnerships will only be realised if expectations remain modest and projects are subject to transparent evaluation and competition.

Download or read book International Handbook on Public Private Partnership written by Graeme A. Hodge and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-30 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) promise much and present an exciting policy option. Yet as this Handbook reveals there is still much debate about the meaning of partnership, and the degree to which potential advantages are in fact being delivered. In this timely Handbook, leading scholars from around the world explore the challenges presented by infrastructure PPPs, and contemplate what lies ahead as governments balance the need to provide innovative new infrastructure against the requirement for good public governance. This Handbook builds on a range of exciting theoretical lenses that span several disciplinary boundaries. It presents innovative insights and informed perspectives from an international base of empirical evidence. This essential Handbook will prove an invaluable reference work for academics, advanced post-graduate students and commentators of PPPs, as well as professionals, infrastructure regulators and government policy advisors.

Download or read book Transport Infrastructure Investment Options for Efficiency written by International Transport Forum and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-02-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines key principles that should be considered by governments in deciding how to provide and pay for surface transport infrastructure, with a view to best serving societies’ needs and employing public resources.

Download or read book ITF Round Tables Better Regulation of Public Private Partnerships for Transport Infrastructure written by International Transport Forum and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2013-09-26 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report examines the nature of risks and uncertainty associated with different types of public-private partnership projects and the practical consequences of transferring risks to private partners.

Download or read book Mastering the Risky Business of Public Private Partnerships in Infrastructure written by Manal Fouad and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investment in infrastructure can be a driving force of the economic recovery in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of shrinking fiscal space. Public-private partnerships (PPP) bring a promise of efficiency when carefully designed and managed, to avoid creating unnecessary fiscal risks. But fiscal illusions prevent an understanding the sources of fiscal risks, which arise in all infrastructure projects, and that in PPPs present specific characteristics that need to be addressed. PPP contracts are also affected by implicit fiscal risks when they are poorly designed, particularly when a government signs a PPP contract for a project with no financial sustainability. This paper reviews the advantages and inconveniences of PPPs, discusses the fiscal illusions affecting them, identifies a diversity of fiscal risks, and presents the essentials of PPP fiscal risk management.

Download or read book Policy Management and Finance of Public Private Partnerships written by Akintola Akintoye and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-26 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines some of the key policy, financial and managerialaspects of public-private partnerships within the context of theglobal spread of this form of procurement. The chapters investigate political and institutional issuessurrounding PPPs, together with the financial and managerialstrategies employed by the private sector. Adopting across-disciplinary perspective, the book highlights the oftenpolitically sensitive nature of these projects and identifies aneed for the private sector to investigate a broad set ofparameters which relate to the particular political economy ofindividual partnerships. Policy, Finance & Management for Public-Private Partnershipscovers a range of specific issues, including: partnerships indeveloping countries; innovation in partnership-based procurement;government and business interaction; institutional andorganisational approaches to facilitating partnership; project andcorporate financing; risk and value management; market analysis,modelling and forecasting; capital structure decisions andmanagement; investment theory and practice; pricing and costevaluation; statutory regulations and their financial implications;option pricing; financial monitoring; syndicate funding; new rolesfor the financial and insurance sectors; institutional andmultilateral funding; payment mechanisms; concession perioddetermination; risk analysis and management; whole life valuemethodology; cost comparators and best value; team building, teamwork and skill development. Contributions from Australia, Europe, the Far East, South Africaand the United States together present the current thinking andstate-of-the-art approaches to public-private partnerships.

Download or read book Proceedings of IAC in Vienna 2018 written by group of authors and published by Czech Institute of Academic Education. This book was released on 2018-11-20 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Academic Conferences: Global Education, Teaching and Learning (IAC-GETL 2018) and Management, Economics, Business and Marketing (IAC-MEBM 2018) and Transport, Logistics, Tourism and Sport Science (IAC-TLTS 2018)