Download or read book Automatic Control Maximum Power Point Tracker written by Md Pervez and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-06 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A single-axis Sun tracker to follow the position of the sun was designed and constructed and an experimental investigation was carried out on photovoltaic power output through the single axis automatic controlled solar tracker. This paper presents the design of an Automatic Solar tracking system to track Solar PV Panel according to the direction of beam propagation of Sun s radiation. The entire tracking system consists of sensor with ADC, control circuits to motor drive with control software, and bearing with supports and mountings. The controlling motion for PV panel has been provided by discrete motion of the motor. Microcontrollers with ADC and line driver are used in the control circuits, which generate pulses according to software feedback for rotation of the motor drive. The amount of receivable solar insulation through tracking is considered as 100% at all latitude and energy surplus becomes about 57% without atmospheric influences. In case of seasonal changes of the Sun s position, it needs not to change hardware & software. Considering all above aspects of this tracking system it can be concluded that, it is a flexible tracking system with least cost & high efficiency.
Download or read book Modern Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Energy Systems written by Ali M. Eltamaly and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces and analyses the latest maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques, which can effectively reduce the cost of power generated from photovoltaic energy systems. It also presents a detailed description, analysis, and comparison of various MPPT techniques applied to stand-alone systems and those interfaced with electric utilities, examining their performance under normal and abnormal operating conditions. These techniques, which and can be conventional or smart, are a current hot topic, and this book is a valuable reference resource for academic researchers and industry professionals who are interested in exploring and implementing advanced MPPT for photovoltaic systems. It is also useful for graduate students who are looking to expand their knowledge of MPPT techniques.
Download or read book Smart and Intelligent Systems written by Subhojit Dawn and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-30 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of high-quality research papers presented at the International Conference on Smart and Intelligent Systems (SIS 2021), which will be held in Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College (VRSEC), Andhra Pradesh, India, during February 25–26, 2021, in virtual mode. It highlights how recent informatics intelligent systems have successfully been used to develop innovative smart techniques and infrastructure in the field of modern engineering and technology. The book will also be of interest to those working in the field of computational intelligence, smart computer network and security analysis, control and automation system, cloud computing, fog computing and IoT, smart grid communication, smart cities, solar cell synthesis and their performance, green technology, and many more. The contents of this book prove useful to researchers and professionals.
Download or read book Maximum Power Point Tracking Using Fuzzy Logic Control written by Mohamed Ezzat Salem and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Study from the year 2004 in the subject Electrotechnology, , language: English, abstract: This paper proposes an intelligent control method for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of a photovoltaic system under variable temperature and insolation conditions. This method uses a fuzzy logic controller applied to a DC-DC converter device. The different steps of the design of this controller are presented together with its simulation. The PV system that I chose to simulate to apply my techniques on it is stand-alone PV water pumping system. Results of this simulation are compared to those obtained by the system without MPPT. They show that the system with MPPT using fuzzy logic controller increase the efficiency of energy production from PV.
Download or read book The Impact of Automatic Control Research on Industrial Innovation written by Silvia Mastellone and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-01-04 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Impact of Automatic Control Research on Industrial Innovation Bring together the theory and practice of control research with this innovative overview Automatic control research focuses on subjects pertaining to the theory and practice of automation science and technology subjects such as industrial automation, robotics, and human???machine interaction. With each passing year, these subjects become more relevant to researchers, policymakers, industrialists, and workers alike. The work of academic control researchers, however, is often distant from the perspectives of industry practitioners, creating the potential for insights to be lost on both sides. The Impact of Automatic Control Research on Industrial Innovation seeks to close this distance, providing an industrial perspective on the future of control research. It seeks to outline the possible and ongoing impacts of automatic control technologies across a range of industries, enabling readers to understand the connection between theory and practice. The result is a book that combines scholarly and practical understandings of industrial innovations and their possible role in building a sustainable world. The Impact of Automatic Control Research on Industrial Innovation readers will also find: Insights on industrial and commercial applications of automatic control theory. Detailed discussion of industrial sectors including power, automotive, production processes, and more. An applied research roadmap for each sector. This book is a must-own for both control researchers and control engineers, in both theoretical and applied contexts, as well as for graduate or continuing education courses on control theory and practice.
Download or read book Mechatronics and Automatic Control Systems written by Wego Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-18 with total page 1041 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines mechatronics and automatic control systems. The book covers important emerging topics in signal processing, control theory, sensors, mechanic manufacturing systems and automation. The book presents papers from the 2013 International Conference on Mechatronics and Automatic Control Systems in Hangzhou, held in China during August 10-11, 2013.
Download or read book Intelligent Control Robotics and Industrial Automation written by Sanjay Sharma and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-19 with total page 1039 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises peer-reviewed proceedings of the International Conference on Robotics, Control, Automation, and Artificial Intelligence (RCAAI 2022). It aims to provide a broad spectrum picture of the state of art research and development in the areas of intelligent control, the Internet of Things, machine vision, cybersecurity, robotics, circuits, and sensors, among others. This volume will provide a valuable resource for those in academia and industry.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Communication Devices and Computing written by Dilip Kumar Sarkar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a collection of best selected research papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Communication, Devices and Computing (ICCDC 2023). The book covers new ideas, applications and experiences of research engineers, scientists, industrialists, scholars and students from in and around the globe. It covers research contributions from communication technologies which are from the areas such as 5G communication, next-generation Wi-Fi, spread spectrum systems, satellite and high altitude platforms, radio over fiber techniques, wireless sensor networks, modulation and diversity technique, ad hoc and mesh networks, cognitive radio networking, optical wireless and visible light communications, signal processing for secure communication, millimeter wave and terahertz communication, design, control and management of optical network, error control coding and information theory, printed antennas, performance analysis of wireless network, smart antennas and space time processing.
Download or read book Solar Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1979-10 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Smart Buildings Digitalization written by O.V. Gnana Swathika and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses various artificial intelligence and machine learning applications concerning smart buildings. It includes how renewable energy sources are integrated into smart buildings using suitable power electronic devices. The deployment of advanced technologies with monitoring, protection, and energy management features is included, along with a case study on automation. Overall, the focus is on architecture and related applications, such as power distribution, microgrids, photovoltaic systems, and renewable energy aspects. The chapters define smart building concepts and their related benefits. FEATURES Discusses various aspects of the role of the Internet of things (IoT) and machine learning in smart buildings Explains pertinent system architecture and focuses on power generation and distribution Covers power-enabling technologies for smart cities Includes photovoltaic system-integrated smart buildings This book is aimed at graduate students, researchers, and professionals in building systems engineering, architectural engineering, and electrical engineering.
Download or read book Advances in Automation Signal Processing Instrumentation and Control written by Venkata Lakshmi Narayana Komanapalli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 3212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Automation, Signal Processing, Instrumentation and Control (i-CASIC) 2020. The book mainly focuses on emerging technologies in electrical systems, IoT-based instrumentation, advanced industrial automation, and advanced image and signal processing. It also includes studies on the analysis, design and implementation of instrumentation systems, and high-accuracy and energy-efficient controllers. The contents of this book will be useful for beginners, researchers as well as professionals interested in instrumentation and control, and other allied fields.
Download or read book Future Electricity Systems Challenges and Current Trends NCEFES 2021 written by Institution of Engineers (Jodhpur Local Center) and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2022-06-13 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features selected papers from the 36th National Convention of Electrical Engineers and Conference on “Future Electricity Systems: Challenges and Current Trends” (NCEFES-2021) held in hybrid mode by Institution of Engineers Jodhpur Local Centre, Jodhpur, India, during 27-28 November, 2021. The book features original papers presented by graduate students, research scholars, academicians, and industry persons during this conference. The topics covered in the book include recent advances in Distributed generation and Power quality, Optimization techniques, Renewable energy/Alternative energy, Reliability of distributed energy systems, Smart microgrid, Advanced monitoring & novel control strategies, Real-time simulation & contingencies analysis, Ancillary services & metering, Economic benefits, Application of machine learning, Data acquisition, Internet of Things (IOT), Load forecasting, Future electricity systems, Integration of communication technology, Blockchain technology & its application in Energy systems, Cloud computing for energy, Cyber physical energy systems, Renewable energy grid integration, Smart protection techniques for electrical distribution network, Recent developments in electrical technology for sustainable smart cities and energy management.
Download or read book Optimization of Photovoltaic Power Systems written by Djamila Rekioua and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-03 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photovoltaic generation is one of the cleanest forms of energy conversion available. One of the advantages offered by solar energy is its potential to provide sustainable electricity in areas not served by the conventional power grid. Optimisation of Photovoltaic Power Systems details explicit modelling, control and optimisation of the most popular stand-alone applications such as pumping, power supply, and desalination. Each section is concluded by an example using the MATLAB® and Simulink® packages to help the reader understand and evaluate the performance of different photovoltaic systems. Optimisation of Photovoltaic Power Systems provides engineers, graduate and postgraduate students with the means to understand, assess and develop their own photovoltaic systems. As such, it is an essential tool for all those wishing to specialise in stand-alone photovoltaic systems. Optimisation of Photovoltaic Power Systems aims to enable all researchers in the field of electrical engineering to thoroughly understand the concepts of photovoltaic systems; find solutions to their problems; and choose the appropriate mathematical model for optimising photovoltaic energy.
Download or read book Maximum Power Point Tracker for Solar Arrays Using Controlled Rectifier written by Anvin Joe Manadan and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar energy offers a large potential as a source of energy and in light of financial and ethical reasons, people are looking to harvest it for their energy needs. The conversion of solar energy to electricity is performed by solar cells. There exists an operating point associated with solar cells at which the power generated is maximized at any given point in time. A maximum power point tracker (MPPT) is required to track this maximum power operating point (MPOP). A wide range of systems exists to meet this purpose. This thesis explores the use of a single-phase controlled rectifier, with back stepping control to track the maximum power from a string of solar arrays. This controller tracks the MPOP using a circuit topology that has been under investigation within the literature and was simulated using MA TLAB/Simulink. Simulation results showed that the designed converter and control strategy could transfer power from a string of solar arrays to the grid by efficiently tracking the MPOP.
Download or read book Practical Solar Tracking Automatic Solar Tracking Sun Tracking written by Gerro Prinsloo and published by Gerro Prinsloo. This book was released on 2015-11-01 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details Practical Solar Energy Harvesting, Automatic Solar-Tracking, Sun-Tracking-Systems, Solar-Trackers and Sun Tracker Systems using motorized automatic positioning concepts and control principles. An intelligent automatic solar tracker is a device that orients a payload toward the sun. Such programmable computer based solar tracking device includes principles of solar tracking, solar tracking systems, as well as microcontroller, microprocessor and/or PC based solar tracking control to orientate solar reflectors, solar lenses, photovoltaic panels or other optical configurations towards the sun. Motorized space frames and kinematic systems ensure motion dynamics and employ drive technology and gearing principles to steer optical configurations such as mangin, parabolic, conic, or cassegrain solar energy collectors to face the sun and follow the sun movement contour continuously. In general, the book may benefit solar research and solar energy applications in countries such as Africa, Mediterranean, Italy, Spain, Greece, USA, Mexico, South America, Brazilia, Argentina, Chili, India, Malaysia, Middle East, UAE, Russia, Japan and China. This book on practical automatic Solar-Tracking Sun-Tracking is in .PDF format and can easily be converted to the .EPUB .MOBI .AZW .ePub .FB2 .LIT .LRF .MOBI .PDB .PDF .TCR formats for smartphones and Kindle by using the ebook.online-convert.com facility. The content of the book is also applicable to communication antenna satellite tracking and moon tracking algorithm source code for which links to free download links are provided. In harnessing power from the sun through a solar tracker or practical solar tracking system, renewable energy control automation systems require automatic solar tracking software and solar position algorithms to accomplish dynamic motion control with control automation architecture, circuit boards and hardware. On-axis sun tracking system such as the altitude-azimuth dual axis or multi-axis solar tracker systems use a sun tracking algorithm or ray tracing sensors or software to ensure the sun's passage through the sky is traced with high precision in automated solar tracker applications, right through summer solstice, solar equinox and winter solstice. A high precision sun position calculator or sun position algorithm is this an important step in the design and construction of an automatic solar tracking system. From sun tracing software perspective, the sonnet Tracing The Sun has a literal meaning. Within the context of sun track and trace, this book explains that the sun's daily path across the sky is directed by relatively simple principles, and if grasped/understood, then it is relatively easy to trace the sun with sun following software. Sun position computer software for tracing the sun are available as open source code, sources that is listed in this book. Ironically there was even a system called sun chaser, said to have been a solar positioner system known for chasing the sun throughout the day. Using solar equations in an electronic circuit for automatic solar tracking is quite simple, even if you are a novice, but mathematical solar equations are over complicated by academic experts and professors in text-books, journal articles and internet websites. In terms of solar hobbies, scholars, students and Hobbyist's looking at solar tracking electronics or PC programs for solar tracking are usually overcome by the sheer volume of scientific material and internet resources, which leaves many developers in frustration when search for simple experimental solar tracking source-code for their on-axis sun-tracking systems. This booklet will simplify the search for the mystical sun tracking formulas for your sun tracker innovation and help you develop your own autonomous solar tracking controller. By directing the solar collector directly into the sun, a solar harvesting means or device can harness sunlight or thermal heat. This is achieved with the help of sun angle formulas, solar angle formulas or solar tracking procedures for the calculation of sun's position in the sky. Automatic sun tracking system software includes algorithms for solar altitude azimuth angle calculations required in following the sun across the sky. In using the longitude, latitude GPS coordinates of the solar tracker location, these sun tracking software tools supports precision solar tracking by determining the solar altitude-azimuth coordinates for the sun trajectory in altitude-azimuth tracking at the tracker location, using certain sun angle formulas in sun vector calculations. Instead of follow the sun software, a sun tracking sensor such as a sun sensor or webcam or video camera with vision based sun following image processing software can also be used to determine the position of the sun optically. Such optical feedback devices are often used in solar panel tracking systems and dish tracking systems. Dynamic sun tracing is also used in solar surveying, DNI analyser and sun surveying systems that build solar infographics maps with solar radiance, irradiance and DNI models for GIS (geographical information system). In this way geospatial methods on solar/environment interaction makes use use of geospatial technologies (GIS, Remote Sensing, and Cartography). Climatic data and weather station or weather center data, as well as queries from sky servers and solar resource database systems (i.e. on DB2, Sybase, Oracle, SQL, MySQL) may also be associated with solar GIS maps. In such solar resource modelling systems, a pyranometer or solarimeter is normally used in addition to measure direct and indirect, scattered, dispersed, reflective radiation for a particular geographical location. Sunlight analysis is important in flash photography where photographic lighting are important for photographers. GIS systems are used by architects who add sun shadow applets to study architectural shading or sun shadow analysis, solar flux calculations, optical modelling or to perform weather modelling. Such systems often employ a computer operated telescope type mechanism with ray tracing program software as a solar navigator or sun tracer that determines the solar position and intensity. The purpose of this booklet is to assist developers to track and trace suitable source-code and solar tracking algorithms for their application, whether a hobbyist, scientist, technician or engineer. Many open-source sun following and tracking algorithms and source-code for solar tracking programs and modules are freely available to download on the internet today. Certain proprietary solar tracker kits and solar tracking controllers include a software development kit SDK for its application programming interface API attributes (Pebble). Widget libraries, widget toolkits, GUI toolkit and UX libraries with graphical control elements are also available to construct the graphical user interface (GUI) for your solar tracking or solar power monitoring program. The solar library used by solar position calculators, solar simulation software and solar contour calculators include machine program code for the solar hardware controller which are software programmed into Micro-controllers, Programmable Logic Controllers PLC, programmable gate arrays, Arduino processor or PIC processor. PC based solar tracking is also high in demand using C++, Visual Basic VB, as well as MS Windows, Linux and Apple Mac based operating systems for sun path tables on Matlab, Excel. Some books and internet webpages use other terms, such as: sun angle calculator, sun position calculator or solar angle calculator. As said, such software code calculate the solar azimuth angle, solar altitude angle, solar elevation angle or the solar Zenith angle (Zenith solar angle is simply referenced from vertical plane, the mirror of the elevation angle measured from the horizontal or ground plane level). Similar software code is also used in solar calculator apps or the solar power calculator apps for IOS and Android smartphone devices. Most of these smartphone solar mobile apps show the sun path and sun-angles for any location and date over a 24 hour period. Some smartphones include augmented reality features in which you can physically see and look at the solar path through your cell phone camera or mobile phone camera at your phone's specific GPS location. In the computer programming and digital signal processing (DSP) environment, (free/open source) program code are available for VB, .Net, Delphi, Python, C, C+, C++, PHP, Swift, ADM, F, Flash, Basic, QBasic, GBasic, KBasic, SIMPL language, Squirrel, Solaris, Assembly language on operating systems such as MS Windows, Apple Mac, DOS or Linux OS. Software algorithms predicting position of the sun in the sky are commonly available as graphical programming platforms such as Matlab (Mathworks), Simulink models, Java applets, TRNSYS simulations, Scada system apps, Labview module, Beckhoff TwinCAT (Visual Studio), Siemens SPA, mobile and iphone apps, Android or iOS tablet apps, and so forth. At the same time, PLC software code for a range of sun tracking automation technology can follow the profile of sun in sky for Siemens, HP, Panasonic, ABB, Allan Bradley, OMRON, SEW, Festo, Beckhoff, Rockwell, Schneider, Endress Hauser, Fudji electric. Honeywell, Fuchs, Yokonawa, or Muthibishi platforms. Sun path projection software are also available for a range of modular IPC embedded PC motherboards, Industrial PC, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and PAC (Programmable Automation Controller) such as the Siemens S7-1200 or Siemens Logo, Beckhoff IPC or CX series, OMRON PLC, Ercam PLC, AC500plc ABB, National Instruments NI PXI or NI cRIO, PIC processor, Intel 8051/8085, IBM (Cell, Power, Brain or Truenorth series), FPGA (Xilinx Altera Nios), Intel, Xeon, Atmel megaAVR, MPU, Maple, Teensy, MSP, XMOS, Xbee, ARM, Raspberry Pi, Eagle, Arduino or Arduino AtMega microcontroller, with servo motor, stepper motor, direct current DC pulse width modulation PWM (current driver) or alternating current AC SPS or IPC variable frequency drives VFD motor drives (also termed adjustable-frequency drive, variable-speed drive, AC drive, micro drive or inverter drive) for electrical, mechatronic, pneumatic, or hydraulic solar tracking actuators. The above motion control and robot control systems include analogue or digital interfacing ports on the processors to allow for tracker angle orientation feedback control through one or a combination of angle sensor or angle encoder, shaft encoder, precision encoder, optical encoder, magnetic encoder, direction encoder, rotational encoder, chip encoder, tilt sensor, inclination sensor, or pitch sensor. Note that the tracker's elevation or zenith axis angle may measured using an altitude angle-, declination angle-, inclination angle-, pitch angle-, or vertical angle-, zenith angle- sensor or inclinometer. Similarly the tracker's azimuth axis angle be measured with a azimuth angle-, horizontal angle-, or roll angle- sensor. Chip integrated accelerometer magnetometer gyroscope type angle sensors can also be used to calculate displacement. Other options include the use of thermal imaging systems such as a Fluke thermal imager, or robotic or vision based solar tracker systems that employ face tracking, head tracking, hand tracking, eye tracking and car tracking principles in solar tracking. With unattended decentralised rural, island, isolated, or autonomous off-grid power installations, remote control, monitoring, data acquisition, digital datalogging and online measurement and verification equipment becomes crucial. It assists the operator with supervisory control to monitor the efficiency of remote renewable energy resources and systems and provide valuable web-based feedback in terms of CO2 and clean development mechanism (CDM) reporting. A power quality analyser for diagnostics through internet, WiFi and cellular mobile links is most valuable in frontline troubleshooting and predictive maintenance, where quick diagnostic analysis is required to detect and prevent power quality issues. Solar tracker applications cover a wide spectrum of solar applications and solar assisted application, including concentrated solar power generation, solar desalination, solar water purification, solar steam generation, solar electricity generation, solar industrial process heat, solar thermal heat storage, solar food dryers, solar water pumping, hydrogen production from methane or producing hydrogen and oxygen from water (HHO) through electrolysis. Many patented or non-patented solar apparatus include tracking in solar apparatus for solar electric generator, solar desalinator, solar steam engine, solar ice maker, solar water purifier, solar cooling, solar refrigeration, USB solar charger, solar phone charging, portable solar charging tracker, solar coffee brewing, solar cooking or solar dying means. Your project may be the next breakthrough or patent, but your invention is held back by frustration in search for the sun tracker you require for your solar powered appliance, solar generator, solar tracker robot, solar freezer, solar cooker, solar drier, solar pump, solar freezer, or solar dryer project. Whether your solar electronic circuit diagram include a simplified solar controller design in a solar electricity project, solar power kit, solar hobby kit, solar steam generator, solar hot water system, solar ice maker, solar desalinator, hobbyist solar panels, hobby robot, or if you are developing professional or hobby electronics for a solar utility or micro scale solar powerplant for your own solar farm or solar farming, this publication may help accelerate the development of your solar tracking innovation. Lately, solar polygeneration, solar trigeneration (solar triple generation), and solar quad generation (adding delivery of steam, liquid/gaseous fuel, or capture food-grade CO$_2$) systems have need for automatic solar tracking. These systems are known for significant efficiency increases in energy yield as a result of the integration and re-use of waste or residual heat and are suitable for compact packaged micro solar powerplants that could be manufactured and transported in kit-form and operate on a plug-and play basis. Typical hybrid solar power systems include compact or packaged solar micro combined heat and power (CHP or mCHP) or solar micro combined, cooling, heating and power (CCHP, CHPC, mCCHP, or mCHPC) systems used in distributed power generation. These systems are often combined in concentrated solar CSP and CPV smart microgrid configurations for off-grid rural, island or isolated microgrid, minigrid and distributed power renewable energy systems. Solar tracking algorithms are also used in modelling of trigeneration systems using Matlab Simulink (Modelica or TRNSYS) platform as well as in automation and control of renewable energy systems through intelligent parsing, multi-objective, adaptive learning control and control optimization strategies. Solar tracking algorithms also find application in developing solar models for country or location specific solar studies, for example in terms of measuring or analysis of the fluctuations of the solar radiation (i.e. direct and diffuse radiation) in a particular area. Solar DNI, solar irradiance and atmospheric information and models can thus be integrated into a solar map, solar atlas or geographical information systems (GIS). Such models allows for defining local parameters for specific regions that may be valuable in terms of the evaluation of different solar in photovoltaic of CSP systems on simulation and synthesis platforms such as Matlab and Simulink or in linear or multi-objective optimization algorithm platforms such as COMPOSE, EnergyPLAN or DER-CAM. A dual-axis solar tracker and single-axis solar tracker may use a sun tracker program or sun tracker algorithm to position a solar dish, solar panel array, heliostat array, PV panel, solar antenna or infrared solar nantenna. A self-tracking solar concentrator performs automatic solar tracking by computing the solar vector. Solar position algorithms (TwinCAT, SPA, or PSA Algorithms) use an astronomical algorithm to calculate the position of the sun. It uses astronomical software algorithms and equations for solar tracking in the calculation of sun's position in the sky for each location on the earth at any time of day. Like an optical solar telescope, the solar position algorithm pin-points the solar reflector at the sun and locks onto the sun's position to track the sun across the sky as the sun progresses throughout the day. Optical sensors such as photodiodes, light-dependant-resistors (LDR) or photoresistors are used as optical accuracy feedback devices. Lately we also included a section in the book (with links to microprocessor code) on how the PixArt Wii infrared camera in the Wii remote or Wiimote may be used in infrared solar tracking applications. In order to harvest free energy from the sun, some automatic solar positioning systems use an optical means to direct the solar tracking device. These solar tracking strategies use optical tracking techniques, such as a sun sensor means, to direct sun rays onto a silicon or CMOS substrate to determine the X and Y coordinates of the sun's position. In a solar mems sun-sensor device, incident sunlight enters the sun sensor through a small pin-hole in a mask plate where light is exposed to a silicon substrate. In a web-camera or camera image processing sun tracking and sun following means, object tracking software performs multi object tracking or moving object tracking methods. In an solar object tracking technique, image processing software performs mathematical processing to box the outline of the apparent solar disc or sun blob within the captured image frame, while sun-localization is performed with an edge detection algorithm to determine the solar vector coordinates. An automated positioning system help maximize the yields of solar power plants through solar tracking control to harness sun's energy. In such renewable energy systems, the solar panel positioning system uses a sun tracking techniques and a solar angle calculator in positioning PV panels in photovoltaic systems and concentrated photovoltaic CPV systems. Automatic on-axis solar tracking in a PV solar tracking system can be dual-axis sun tracking or single-axis sun solar tracking. It is known that a motorized positioning system in a photovoltaic panel tracker increase energy yield and ensures increased power output, even in a single axis solar tracking configuration. Other applications such as robotic solar tracker or robotic solar tracking system uses robotica with artificial intelligence in the control optimization of energy yield in solar harvesting through a robotic tracking system. Automatic positioning systems in solar tracking designs are also used in other free energy generators, such as concentrated solar thermal power CSP and dish Stirling systems. The sun tracking device in a solar collector in a solar concentrator or solar collector Such a performs on-axis solar tracking, a dual axis solar tracker assists to harness energy from the sun through an optical solar collector, which can be a parabolic mirror, parabolic reflector, Fresnel lens or mirror array/matrix. A parabolic dish or reflector is dynamically steered using a transmission system or solar tracking slew drive mean. In steering the dish to face the sun, the power dish actuator and actuation means in a parabolic dish system optically focusses the sun's energy on the focal point of a parabolic dish or solar concentrating means. A Stirling engine, solar heat pipe, thermosyphin, solar phase change material PCM receiver, or a fibre optic sunlight receiver means is located at the focal point of the solar concentrator. The dish Stirling engine configuration is referred to as a dish Stirling system or Stirling power generation system. Hybrid solar power systems (used in combination with biogas, biofuel, petrol, ethanol, diesel, natural gas or PNG) use a combination of power sources to harness and store solar energy in a storage medium. Any multitude of energy sources can be combined through the use of controllers and the energy stored in batteries, phase change material, thermal heat storage, and in cogeneration form converted to the required power using thermodynamic cycles (organic Rankin, Brayton cycle, micro turbine, Stirling) with an inverter and charge controller. В этой книге подробно Автоматическая Solar-Tracking, ВС-Tracking-Systems, Solar-трекеры и ВС Tracker Systems. Интеллектуальный автоматический солнечной слежения является устройством, которое ориентирует полезную нагрузку к солнцу. Такое программируемый компьютер на основе солнечной устройство слежения включает принципы солнечной слежения, солнечных систем слежения, а также микроконтроллер, микропроцессор и / или ПК на базе управления солнечной отслеживания ориентироваться солнечных отражателей, солнечные линзы, фотоэлектрические панели или другие оптические конфигурации к ВС Моторизованные космические кадры и кинематические системы обеспечения динамики движения и использовать приводной техники и готовится принципы, чтобы направить оптические конфигурации, такие как Манжен, параболических, конических или Кассегрена солнечных коллекторов энергии, чтобы лицом к солнцу и следовать за солнцем контур движения непрерывно. В обуздывать силу от солнца через солнечный трекер или практической солнечной системы слежения, системы возобновляемых контроля энергии автоматизации требуют автоматического солнечной отслеживания программного обеспечения и алгоритмов солнечные позиции для достижения динамического контроля движения с архитектуры автоматизации управления, печатных плат и аппаратных средств. На оси системы слежения ВС, таких как высота-азимут двойной оси или многоосевые солнечные системы трекер использовать алгоритм отслеживания солнце или трассировки лучей датчиков или программное обеспечение, чтобы обеспечить прохождение солнца по небу прослеживается с высокой точностью в автоматизированных приложений Солнечная Tracker , прямо через летнего солнцестояния, солнечного равноденствия и зимнего солнцестояния.Высокая точность позиции ВС калькулятор или положение солнца алгоритм это важный шаг в проектировании и строительстве автоматической системой солнечной слежения. 這本書詳細介紹了全自動太陽能跟踪，太陽跟踪系統的出現，太陽能跟踪器和太陽跟踪系統。智能全自動太陽能跟踪器是定向向著太陽的有效載荷設備。這種可編程計算機的太陽能跟踪裝置，包括太陽跟踪，太陽能跟踪系統，以及微控制器，微處理器和/或基於PC機的太陽跟踪控制，以定向太陽能反射器，太陽透鏡，光電板或其他光學配置朝向太陽的原理。機動空間框架和運動系統，確保運動動力學和採用的驅動技術和傳動原理引導光學配置，如曼金，拋物線，圓錐曲線，或卡塞格林式太陽能集熱器面向太陽，不斷跟隨太陽運動的輪廓。 從陽光透過太陽能跟踪器或實用的太陽能跟踪系統利用電力，可再生能源控制的自動化系統需要自動太陽跟踪軟件和太陽位置算法來實現控制與自動化架構，電路板和硬件的動態運動控制。上軸太陽跟踪系統，如高度，方位角雙軸或多軸太陽跟踪系統使用太陽跟踪算法或光線追踪傳感器或軟件，以確保通過天空中太陽的通道被跟踪的高精度的自動太陽跟踪器的應用，通過正確的夏至，春分太陽和冬至。一種高精度太陽位置計算器或太陽位置算法是這樣的自動太陽能跟踪系統的設計和施工中的重要一步。
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Mechanical Engineering Automation and Sustainable Development 2021 AMAS2021 written by Banh Tien Long and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-03 with total page 982 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected, peer-reviewed proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Mechanical Engineering, Automation and Sustainable Development 2021 (AMAS2021), held in the city of Ha Long, Vietnam, from November 4 to 7, 2021. AMAS2021 is a special meeting of the International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS), with a strong focus on automation and fostering an overall approach to assist policy makers, industries, and researchers at various levels to position local technological development toward sustainable development. The contributions published in this book stem from a wide spectrum of research, ranging from micro- and nanomaterial design and processing, to special applications in mechanical technology, environmental protection, green development, and climate change mitigation. A large group of contributions selected for these proceedings also focus on modeling and manufacturing of ecomaterials.
