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Book Printed Circuit Board Design Using AutoCAD

Download or read book Printed Circuit Board Design Using AutoCAD written by Chris Schroeder and published by Newnes. This book was released on 1998 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to PCB Design * Schematic Drafting * Single-Sided PCB Design * Double-Sided PCB Design * Surface Mount PCB Design * Importing Gerber Files for Manufacturing Documentation * Importing HPGL Files for Manufacturing Documentation * Importing Gerber Artwork Files for Viewing * Importing Excellon Format NC Drill Data * Converting HPGL to Gerber Format * Appendix A: Gerber Format * Appendix B: Excellon Format * Appendix C: HPGL Format * Appendix D: Information about the Disk Supplied with the Book * Index.

Book AutoCAD Electrical 2018 for Electrical Control Designers  9th Edition

Download or read book AutoCAD Electrical 2018 for Electrical Control Designers 9th Edition written by Prof. Sham Tickoo and published by CADCIM Technologies. This book was released on 2017-08-14 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AutoCAD Electrical 2018 for Electrical Control Designers book has been written to assist the engineering students and the practicing designers who are new to AutoCAD Electrical. Using this book, the readers can learn the application of basic tools required for creating professional electrical control drawings with the help of AutoCAD Electrical. Keeping in view the varied requirements of the users, this book covers a wide range of tools and features such as schematic drawings, Circuit Builder, panel drawings, parametric and nonparametric PLC modules, stand-alone PLC I/O points, ladder diagrams, point-to-point wiring diagrams, report generation, creation of symbols, and so on. This will help the readers to create electrical drawings easily and effectively. Special emphasis has been laid on the introduction of concepts, which have been explained using text and supported with graphical examples. The examples and tutorials used in this book ensure that the users can relate the information provided in this book with the practical industry designs. Salient Features: Consists of 13 chapters and 2 projects that are organized in a pedagogical sequence. Comprehensive coverage of AutoCAD Electrical 2018 concepts and techniques. Tutorial approach to explain the concepts of AutoCAD Electrical 2018. Detailed explanation of all commands and tools. Summarized content on the first page of the topics that are covered in the chapter. Hundreds of illustrations for easy understanding of concepts. Step-by-step instructions to guide the users through the learning process. Emphasis on Why and How with explanation. More than 45 tutorials and projects. Additional information throughout the book in the form of notes and tips. Self-Evaluation Tests and Review Questions at the end of each chapter to help the users assess their knowledge. Technical support by contacting '[email protected]'. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to AutoCAD Electrical 2018 Chapter 2: Working with Projects and Drawings Chapter 3: Working with Wires Chapter 4: Creating Ladders Chapter 5: Schematic Components Chapter 6: Schematic Editing Chapter 7: Connectors, Point-to-Point Wiring Diagrams, and Circuits Chapter 8: Panel Layouts Chapter 9: Schematic and Panel Reports Chapter 10: PLC Modules Chapter 11: Terminals Chapter 12: Settings, Configurations, Templates, and Plotting Chapter 13: Creating Symbols Project 1 Project 2 Index

Book AutoCAD Electrical 2020  A Tutorial Approach

Download or read book AutoCAD Electrical 2020 A Tutorial Approach written by Prof. Sham Tickoo and published by CADCIM Technologies. This book was released on with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AutoCAD Electrical 2020: A Tutorial Approach is a tutorial-based book that introduces the readers to AutoCAD Electrical 2020 software, designed specifically for creating professional electrical control drawings. The book has a wide range of tutorials covering the tools and features of AutoCAD Electrical such as schematic drawings, panel drawings, parametric and nonparametric PLC modules, ladder diagrams, Circuit Builder, point-to-point wiring diagrams, report generation, creation of symbols, and so on. These tutorials will enable the users to create innovative electrical control drawings with ease. Moreover, the tutorials used ensure that the users can relate the information provided in this book with the practical industry designs. The chapters in this book are arranged in a pedagogical sequence that makes it very effective in learning the features and capabilities of the software. Salient Features: Consists of 13 chapters that are organized in a pedagogical sequence. Brief coverage of AutoCAD Electrical 2020 concepts and techniques. Tutorial approach to explain the concepts of AutoCAD Electrical 2020. Step-by-step instructions to guide the users through the learning process. More than 35 tutorials and one student project. Additional information throughout the book in the form of notes and tips. Self-Evaluation Tests and Review Questions at the end of each chapter to help the users assess their knowledge. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to AutoCAD Electrical 2020 Chapter 2: Working with Projects and Drawings Chapter 3: Working with Wires Chapter 4: Creating Ladders Chapter 5: Schematic Components Chapter 6: Schematic Editing Chapter 7: Connectors, Point-To-Point Wiring Diagrams, and Circuits Chapter 8: Panel Layouts Chapter 9: Schematic and Panel Reports Chapter 10: PLC Modules Chapter 11: Terminals Chapter 12: Settings, Configuration, Templates, and Plotting Chapter 13: Creating Symbols Student Project Index

Book AutoCAD Electrical 2021  A Tutorial Approach  2nd Edition

Download or read book AutoCAD Electrical 2021 A Tutorial Approach 2nd Edition written by Prof. Sham Tickoo and published by CADCIM Technologies. This book was released on 2020-10-20 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AutoCAD Electrical 2021: A Tutorial Approach is a tutorial-based book that introduces the readers to AutoCAD Electrical 2021 software, designed specifically for creating professional electrical control drawings. The book has a wide range of tutorials covering the tools and features of AutoCAD Electrical such as schematic drawings, panel drawings, parametric and nonparametric PLC modules, ladder diagrams, Circuit Builder,point-to-point wiring diagrams, report generation, creation of symbols, and so on. These tutorials will enable the users to create innovative electrical control drawings with ease. Moreover, the tutorials used ensure that the users can relate the information provided in this book with the practical industry designs. The chapters in this book are arranged in a pedagogical sequence that makes it very effective in learning the features and capabilities of the software. Salient Features - Consists of 13 chapters that are organized in a pedagogical sequence. - Brief coverage of AutoCAD Electrical 2021 concepts and techniques. - Tutorial approach to explain the concepts of AutoCAD Electrical 2021. - Step-by-step instructions to guide the users through the learning process. - More than 38 tutorials and one student project. - Additional information throughout the book in the form of notes and tips. - Self-Evaluation Tests and Review Questions at the end of each chapter to help the users assess their knowledge. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to AutoCAD Electrical 2021 Chapter 2: Working with Projects and Drawings (Enhanced) Chapter 3: Working with Wires Chapter 4: Creating Ladders (Enhanced) Chapter 5: Schematic Components (Enhanced) Chapter 6: Schematic Editing Chapter 7: Connectors, Point-To-Point Wiring Diagrams, and Circuits Chapter 8: Panel Layouts (Enhanced) Chapter 9: Schematic and Panel Reports Chapter 10: PLC Modules Chapter 11: Terminals (Enhanced) Chapter 12: Settings, Configuration, Templates, and Plotting Chapter 13: Creating Symbols Student Project Index About the Authors: CADCIM Technologies, Prof. Sham Tickoo of Purdue University Northwest, and the team of dedicated contributing authors at CADCIM Technologies are committed to bring you the best Textbooks, eBooks, and free teaching and learning resources on CAD/CAM/CAE, Computer Programming and Applications, GIS, Civil, Animation and Visual Effects, and related technologies. We strive to be the first and the best. That is our promise and our goal. Our team of authors consists of highly qualified and experienced Engineers who have a strong academic and industrial background. They understand the needs of the students, the faculty, and the challenges the students face when they start working in the industry. All our books have been structured in a way that facilitates teaching and learning, and also exposes students to real-world applications. The textbooks, apart from providing comprehensive study material, are well appreciated for the simplicity of content, clarity of style, and the in-depth coverage of the subject.

Book Electronic CAD Frameworks

Download or read book Electronic CAD Frameworks written by Timothy J. Barnes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When it comes to frameworks, the familiar story of the elephant and the six blind philosophers seems to apply. As each philoso pher encountered a separate part of the elephant, each pronounced his considered, but flawed judgement. One blind philosopher felt a leg and thought it a tree. Another felt the tail and thought he held a rope. Another felt the elephant's flank and thought he stood before a wall. We're supposed to learn about snap judgements from this alle gory, but its author might well have been describing design automation frameworks. For in the reality of today's product development requirements, a framework must be many things to many people. xiv CAD Frameworks: Integration Technology for CAD As the authors of this book note, framework design is an optimi zation problem. Somehow, it has to be both a superior rope for one and a tremendous tree for another. Somehow it needs to provide a standard environment for exploiting the full potential of computer-aided engineering tools. And, somehow, it has to make real such abstractions as interoperability and interchangeability. For years, we've talked about a framework as something that provides application-oriented services, just as an operating system provides system-level support. And for years, that simple statement has hid the tremendous complexity of actually providing those services.

Book AutoCAD Electrical 2016 Black Book

Download or read book AutoCAD Electrical 2016 Black Book written by Gaurav Verma and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-04-24 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AutoCAD Electrical 2016 Black Book, the second edition of AutoCAD Electrical Black books, has lots of new features and examples as compared to previous edition. Following the same strategy as for the previous edition, the book is written to help professionals as well as learners in performing various tedious jobs in Electrical control designing. The book follows a step by step methodology. The book covers use of right tool at right places. The book covers almost all the information required by a learner to master the AutoCAD Electrical. The book starts with basics of Electrical Designing, goes through all the Electrical controls related tools and ends up with practical examples of electrical schematic and panel designing. Chapter on Reports makes you comfortable in creating and editing electrical component reports. This edition also discusses the interoperability between Autodesk Inventor and AutoCAD Electrical which is need of industry these days. Some of the salient features of this book are : In-Depth explanation of concepts Every new topic of this book starts with the explanation of the basic concepts. In this way, the user becomes capable of relating the things with real world. Topics Covered Every chapter starts with a list of topics being covered in that chapter. In this way, the user can easy find the topic of his/her interest easily. Instruction through illustration The instructions to perform any action are provided by maximum number of illustrations so that the user can perform the actions discussed in the book easily and effectively. There are about 1000 illustrations that make the learning process effective. Tutorial point of view The book explains the concepts through the tutorial to make the understanding of users firm and long lasting. Each chapter of the book has tutorials that are real world projects. Project Free projects and exercises are provided to students for practicing. For Faculty If you are a faculty member, then you can ask for video tutorials on any of the topic, exercise, tutorial, or concept.

Book AutoCAD Electrical 2022 for Electrical Control Designers  13th Edition

Download or read book AutoCAD Electrical 2022 for Electrical Control Designers 13th Edition written by Prof. Sham Tickoo and published by CADCIM Technologies. This book was released on 2021-06-18 with total page 935 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AutoCAD Electrical 2022 for Electrical Control Designers book has been written to assist the engineering students and the practicing designers who are new to AutoCAD Electrical. Using this book, the readers can learn the application of basic tools required for creating professional electrical control drawings with the help of AutoCAD Electrical. Keeping in view the varied requirements of the users, this book covers a wide range of tools and features such as schematic drawings, Circuit Builder, panel drawings, parametric and nonparametric PLC modules, stand-alone PLC I/O points, ladder diagrams, point-to-point wiring diagrams, report generation, creation of symbols, and so on. This will help the readers to create electrical drawings easily and effectively.

Book AutoCAD For Dummies

    Book Details:
  • Author : Bill Fane
  • Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
  • Release : 2019-06-12
  • ISBN : 1119580080
  • Pages : 546 pages

Download or read book AutoCAD For Dummies written by Bill Fane and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-06-12 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simple steps for creating AutoCAD drawings AutoCAD is the ubiquitous tool used by engineers, architects, designers, and urban planners to put their ideas on paper. It takes some AutoCAD know-how to go from a brilliant idea to a drawing that properly explains how brilliant your idea is. AutoCAD For Dummies helps you de-mystify the handy software and put the tools in AutoCAD to use. Written by an experienced AutoCAD engineer and mechanical design instructor, it assumes no previous computer-aided drafting experience as it walks you through the basics of starting projects and drawing straight lines all the way up through 3D modeling. Conquer the first steps in creating an AutoCAD project Tackle drawing basics including straight lines and curves Add advanced skills including 3D drawing and modeling Set up a project and move into 3D It's true that AutoCAD is tough, but with the friendly instruction in this hands-on guide, you'll find everything you need to start creating marvelous models—without losing your cool.

Book DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Download or read book DIGITAL ELECTRONICS written by NARAYAN CHANGDER and published by CHANGDER OUTLINE. This book was released on 2024-02-28 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE DIGITAL ELECTRONICS MCQ (MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS) SERVES AS A VALUABLE RESOURCE FOR INDIVIDUALS AIMING TO DEEPEN THEIR UNDERSTANDING OF VARIOUS COMPETITIVE EXAMS, CLASS TESTS, QUIZ COMPETITIONS, AND SIMILAR ASSESSMENTS. WITH ITS EXTENSIVE COLLECTION OF MCQS, THIS BOOK EMPOWERS YOU TO ASSESS YOUR GRASP OF THE SUBJECT MATTER AND YOUR PROFICIENCY LEVEL. BY ENGAGING WITH THESE MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS, YOU CAN IMPROVE YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE SUBJECT, IDENTIFY AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT, AND LAY A SOLID FOUNDATION. DIVE INTO THE DIGITAL ELECTRONICS MCQ TO EXPAND YOUR DIGITAL ELECTRONICS KNOWLEDGE AND EXCEL IN QUIZ COMPETITIONS, ACADEMIC STUDIES, OR PROFESSIONAL ENDEAVORS. THE ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS ARE PROVIDED AT THE END OF EACH PAGE, MAKING IT EASY FOR PARTICIPANTS TO VERIFY THEIR ANSWERS AND PREPARE EFFECTIVELY.

Book AutoCAD 2021 Tutorial First Level 2D Fundamentals

Download or read book AutoCAD 2021 Tutorial First Level 2D Fundamentals written by Randy Shih and published by SDC Publications. This book was released on 2020-07 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary goal of AutoCAD 2021 Tutorial First Level 2D Fundamentals is to introduce the aspects of Computer Aided Design and Drafting (CADD). This text is intended to be used as a training guide for students and professionals. This text covers AutoCAD 2021 and the lessons proceed in a pedagogical fashion to guide you from constructing basic shapes to making multiview drawings. This textbook contains a series of eleven tutorial style lessons designed to introduce beginning CAD users to AutoCAD 2021. It takes a hands-on, exercise-intensive approach to all the important 2D CAD techniques and concepts. This text is also helpful to AutoCAD users upgrading from a previous release of the software. The new improvements and key enhancements of the software are incorporated into the lessons. The 2D-CAD techniques and concepts discussed in this text are also designed to serve as the foundation to the more advanced parametric feature-based CAD packages such as Autodesk Inventor. The basic premise of this book is that the more designs you create using AutoCAD 2021, the better you learn the software. With this in mind, each lesson introduces a new set of commands and concepts, building on previous lessons. This book is intended to help readers establish a good basis for exploring and growing in the exciting field of Computer Aided Engineering. Video Training Included with every new copy of AutoCAD 2021 Tutorial First Level 2D Fundamentals is access to extensive video training. The video training parallels the exercises found in the text and is designed to be watched first before following the instructions in the book. However, the videos do more than just provide you with click by click instructions. Author Luke Jumper also includes a brief discussion of each tool, as well as rich insight into why and how the tools are used. Luke isn’t just telling you what to do, he’s showing and explaining to you how to go through the exercises while providing clear descriptions of the entire process. It’s like having him there guiding you through the book. These videos will provide you with a wealth of information and bring the text to life. They are also an invaluable resource for people who learn best through a visual experience. These videos deliver a comprehensive overview of the 2D tools found in AutoCAD and perfectly complement and reinforce the exercises in the book.

Book Introduction to AutoCAD 2010

Download or read book Introduction to AutoCAD 2010 written by Alf Yarwood and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-05-04 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alf Yarwood provides a practical, structured course of work matched to the latest release of AutoCAD. After introducing first principles and the creation of 2D technical drawings, he goes on to demonstrate the construction of 3D solid drawings, surface model drawings and rendering. All the new features of the 2010 software release are taken into account and the increasing emphasis on 3D solid modelling in the software is reflected in the book. The 2D chapters are also suitable for those learning how to use AutoCAD LT 2010. Suitable for all new users of AutoCAD, this book is particularly applicable to vocational and introductory level undergraduate courses in engineering and construction. Further Education students in the UK will find this an ideal textbook to cater for the City & Guilds 4353 and 2303 qualifications and the relevant CAD units of BTEC National and BTEC Higher National Engineering and Construction schemes from Edexcel. Many Foundation Degrees also contain CAD modules for which this book can be of use. Readers will also be able to visit a free companion website at http://books.elsevier.com/companions/9781856178686, where they will find worked solutions and AutoCAD drawing files of stages and results for the exercises in the book, as well as further exercises and multiple-choice questions with answers.

Book AutoCAD Worked Examples

Download or read book AutoCAD Worked Examples written by Alfred Yarwood and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2000 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suitable for all Windows-based releases of AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, this book provides a programme of worked examples and exercises that will guide you through all of AutoCAD's basic features.Reviewer's comment I would recommend this type of book as a home study textbook for those students wishing to work on their own... The author has a good working knowledge of the subject and the material is academically sound... The text was clear, readable and presented in an attractive manner, the diagrams were good and relevant to the teaching of the subject.The book introduces all the basic techniques for constructing 2D and 3D drawings in AutoCAD or AutoCAD LT, and clearly demonstrates them using worked examples. Questions and exercises help you test your progress at every stage.The 2D examples and exercises can be used with almost any version of AutoCAD. The 3D examples and exercises are only suitable for use with Releases 12, 13 & 14, and AutoCAD 2000. Features: Suitable for all Windows-based releases of AutoCAD and AutoCAD LTComplete worked examples demonstrate the theoryCovers 2D and 3D techniquesCan be used by novices with any recent version of the softwareSuitable for use as an open

Book AutoCAD and Its Applications

Download or read book AutoCAD and Its Applications written by Terence M. Shumaker and published by Goodheart-Wilcox Publisher. This book was released on 1989 with total page 822 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, easy-to-understand guide that shows how to apply AutoCAD functions to typical drafting and graphic design tasks. This is not just another version of the reference manual, but a text designed to help you master AutoCAD.

Book AutoCAD

    Book Details:
  • Author : Dan Abbott
  • Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
  • Release : 2007-01-10
  • ISBN : 0470109939
  • Pages : 469 pages

Download or read book AutoCAD written by Dan Abbott and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-01-10 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "I've been using AutoCAD for 22 years and have written a hundred books on the subject. I reviewed many CAD books back in the days when book reviews were common in CAD publications; some were innovative, others were just sad. But for nearly a decade, it's been mostly silence on the book review front. Then earlier in the summer, a book arrived in the mail from Sybex: AutoCAD Secrets Every User Should Know by Dan Abbott. Reading it, I got excited: here's a book for every AutoCAD user, even old-timers like me." - Ralph Grabowski, Editor, upFront.eZine.com: The Business of CAD Learn the "why" behind the "how" in this one-of-a-kind reference packed with tips and techniques from award-winning AutoCAD expert Dan Abbott. This info-packed guide reveals some of the best kept AutoCAD secrets on technical standards, AutoLISP programming, DOS functions, scripts, 3D, and everything in between. Based on his popular "Things Every AutoCAD User Should Know" session at Autodesk University and other industry events, Dan gives you the answers to frequently asked AutoCAD questions in his direct and entertaining style while using real-world case studies to put your skills into practice. Read it cover to cover or dive right in to the sections you need most, then get ready to improve your productivity, save more time, and become an AutoCAD all-star.

Book AutoCAD 2022 Tutorial First Level 2D Fundamentals

Download or read book AutoCAD 2022 Tutorial First Level 2D Fundamentals written by Randy Shih and published by SDC Publications. This book was released on 2021-06 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary goal of AutoCAD 2022 Tutorial First Level 2D Fundamentals is to introduce the aspects of Computer Aided Design and Drafting (CADD). This text is intended to be used as a training guide for students and professionals. This text covers AutoCAD 2022 and the lessons proceed in a pedagogical fashion to guide you from constructing basic shapes to making multiview drawings. This textbook contains a series of twelve tutorial style lessons designed to introduce beginning CAD users to AutoCAD 2022. It takes a hands-on, exercise-intensive approach to all the important 2D CAD techniques and concepts. This text is also helpful to AutoCAD users upgrading from a previous release of the software. The new improvements and key enhancements of the software are incorporated into the lessons. The 2D-CAD techniques and concepts discussed in this text are also designed to serve as the foundation to the more advanced parametric feature-based CAD packages such as Autodesk Inventor. The basic premise of this book is that the more designs you create using AutoCAD 2022, the better you learn the software. With this in mind, each lesson introduces a new set of commands and concepts, building on previous lessons. This book is intended to help readers establish a good basis for exploring and growing in the exciting field of Computer Aided Engineering. Video Training Included with every new copy of AutoCAD 2022 Tutorial First Level 2D Fundamentals is access to extensive video training. There are forty-six videos with more than five hours of training in total. This video training parallels the exercises found in the text and is designed to be watched first before following the instructions in the book. However, the videos do more than just provide you with click by click instructions. Author Luke Jumper also includes a brief discussion of each tool, as well as rich insight into why and how the tools are used. Luke isn’t just telling you what to do, he’s showing and explaining to you how to go through the exercises while providing clear descriptions of the entire process. It’s like having him there guiding you through the book. These videos will provide you with a wealth of information and bring the text to life. They are also an invaluable resource for people who learn best through a visual experience. These videos deliver a comprehensive overview of the 2D tools found in AutoCAD and perfectly complement and reinforce the exercises in the book.

Book Introduction to AutoCAD 2011

Download or read book Introduction to AutoCAD 2011 written by Alfred Yarwood and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alf Yarwood provides a practical, structured course of work matched to the latest release of AutoCAD. After introducing first principles and the creation of 2D technical drawings, he goes on to demonstrate the construction of 3D solid and surface model drawings and rendering.

Book COMPUTER AIDED ELECTRICAL DRAWING

Download or read book COMPUTER AIDED ELECTRICAL DRAWING written by M. YOGESH and published by PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. This book was released on 2014-05-26 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended as a text for the undergraduate students of electrical engineering, it emphasises on design concept and drawing electrical apparatus based on design approach. To stay at par with the present day technology, AutoCAD® 2014 is used in this book to draw electrical apparatus. It gives a comprehensive view of winding diagrams of different machines, its types along with the assembling technique of various electrical machines and also the single line representations of the power system with various standard symbols. This book has been prepared to meet the needs of the students in a simpler manner. Every topic has been dealt carefully with necessary explanation and presentation of the material is lucid. This student-friendly text also covers those topics which are required by aspiring engineers in practical situations along with the present industrial requirements and standards. KEY FEATURES • Use of plenty of illustrations for explaining the concepts or the principles. • Inclusion of practical problems with their solutions. • Graded exercises and model questions at the end of each chapter.