Download or read book Australia s Fertility Transition written by Helen Moyle and published by ANU Press. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, most countries in Europe and English-speaking countries outside Europe experienced a fertility transition, where fertility fell from high levels to relatively low levels. England and the other English-speaking countries experienced this from the 1870s, while fertility in Australia began to fall in the 1880s. This book investigates the fertility transition in Tasmania, the second settled colony of Australia, using both statistical evidence and historical sources. The book examines detailed evidence from the 1904 New South Wales Royal Commission into the Fall in the Birth Rate, which the Commissioners regarded as applying not only to NSW, but to every state in Australia. Many theories have been proposed as to why fertility declined at this time: theories of economic and social development; economic theories; diffusion theories; the spread of secularisation; increased availability of artificial methods of contraception; and changes in the rates of infant and child mortality. The role of women in the fertility transition has generally been ignored. The investigation concludes that fertility declined in Tasmania in the late 19th century in a period of remarkable social and economic transformation, with industrialisation, urbanisation, improvements in transport and communication, increasing levels of education and opportunities for social mobility. One of the major social changes was in the status and role of women, who became the driving force behind the fertility decline.
Download or read book Australian Fertility Transition written by John Charles Caldwell and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reflections on Zero Growth of the Australian Population written by Lado Theodor Ruzicka and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fertility Transition in the Developing World written by John Bongaarts and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides an overview and analysis of the causes and consequences of the massive and highly consequential transition in reproductive behaviour that occurred in Asia, Latin America, and Africa since the mid-20th century. In the 1950s contraceptive use was rare and women typically spend most of their reproductive years bearing and rearing children. By 2020 fertility and contraceptive use in Asia and Latin America reached levels commonly observed in the developed world. Africa’s fertility is still high, but transitions have started in all countries. This monograph is the first to provide a comprehensive analysis of these trends and their determinants, covering changes in reproductive behaviour (e.g., use of contraception and abortion), preferences (e.g., desire to limit and space births) and the role of socioeconomic development (e.g., education). The role of government policies and in particular family planning programs is discussed in depth. Particular attention is given to provide a balanced assessment of several political and scientific controversies that have beset the field. As such this book provides an interesting read for a wide audience of undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and public health policy makers.
Download or read book Recent Trends in Australian Fertility written by Ralph Lattimore and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper finds that there is no current or impending fertility crisis in Australia. Births in Australia are at an historical high - with around 285 000 babies born in 2007. This corresponds to an estimated total fertility rate1 of 1.93 babies per woman, the highest since the early 1980s. The key question for Australia's demographic future is whether (business cycle effects aside) fertility levels will stay at roughly their current level, or resume the downward trend apparent before the recent recovery. There is no fertility 'crisis'. Fertility rates have been generally rising for the last six years, and evidence suggests that after its long downward trend since the Second World War, Australia's fertility rate may have stabilised at around 1.75 to 1.9 babies per woman. Overall, Australia appears to be in a 'safe zone' of fertility, despite fertility levels below replacement levels. With current fertility rates, Australia's population growth rate is still projected to be one of the highest in the developed world because of migrant inflows.
Download or read book Early Fertility Decline in Australia Hungary written by Paul Demeny and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Fertility Transition in Iran written by Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-30 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confounding all conventional wisdom, the fertility rate in the Islamic Republic of Iran fell from around 7.0 births per woman in the early 1980s to 1.9 births per woman in 2006. That this, the largest and fastest fall in fertility ever recorded, should have occurred in one of the world’s few Islamic Republics demands explanation. This book, based upon a decade of research is the first to attempt such an explanation. The book documents the progress of the fertility decline and displays its association with social and economic characteristics. It addresses an explanation of the phenomenal fall of fertility in this Islamic context by considering the relevance of standard theories of fertility transition. The book is rich in data as well as the application of different demographic methods to interpret the data. All the available national demographic data are used in addition to two major surveys conducted by the authors. Demographic description is preceded by a socio-political history of Iran in recent decades, providing a context for the demographic changes. The authors conclude with their views on the importance of specific socio-economic and political changes to the demographic transition. Their concluding arguments suggest continued low fertility in Iran. The book is recommended to not only demographers, social scientists, and gender specialists, but also to policy makers and those who are interested in social and demographic changes in Iran and other Islamic countries in the Middle East. It is also a useful reference for demography students and researchers who are interested in applying fertility theories in designing surveys and analysing data.
Download or read book Australien Fertility Transition written by John C. Caldwell and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Fertility Transition written by Rodolfo A. Bulatao and published by Population. This book was released on 2001 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nine chapters and accompanying commentaries in this volume provide an understanding of contemporary fertility change in both transitional and post-transitional societies.
Download or read book Family Formation in 21st Century Australia written by Genevieve Heard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed, up-to-date snapshot of Australian family formation, answering such questions as ‘what do our families look like?’ and ‘how have they come to be this way?’ The book applies sociological insights to a broad range of demographic trends, painting a comprehensive picture of the changing ways in which Australians are creating families. The first contemporary volume on the subject, Family Formation in 21st Century Australia chronicles significant changes in partnering and fertility. In the late 20th century, cohabitation, divorce and births outside marriage rose dramatically. Yet family formation patterns continue to evolve, requiring fresh analysis. Even since the turn of the century, divorce has stabilized and fertility has increased. Using information from the 2011 Australian Census and from large-scale surveys, leading Australian academics dissect recent trends in cohabitation, ‘living apart together’, marriage, interethnic partnering, relationship dissolution, repartnering, contraceptive use and fertility. Since there is more diversity in family formation patterns than ever before, the book also considers differences between groups within the Australian population. Which groups are more likely to marry, cohabit or have higher fertility? And how do patterns differ among indigenous, migrant or same sex attracted Australians?.
Download or read book The Shaping of Fertility and Mortality Declines the Contemporary Demographic Transition written by Australian National University and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Family Life Cycle written by Australian Family Formation Project and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Africa s New Kind of Fertility Transition written by John Charles Caldwell and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The End of the Fertility Transition in the Developing World written by John Bongaarts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Governance of Fertility Transition written by Geoffrey McNicoll and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author of this article argues that the Asian experience in state-influenced fertility transition is characterized best by regularity and duress. Both qualities are transferable. Regularity is the preferred path, but it is also the more demanding. Regularity may not be marketable as policy in this age of programmatic emphasis, but the practical benefits spread beyond the population sphere. Regularity is achieved by authoritarian governments with co-opted village leadership or social systems with a high degree of local self-government and a fairly liberal population. State authority typically replaces those of kin and community with a nuclear family identity. State authority generates familiar social and economic forces that depress fertility. Regularity is conducive to economic growth. The state influence of duress is the use of political, administrative pressure, or physical force to achieve fertility objectives. For example, authorities can mobilize the rural population behind public works projects. States can soften their influence to a harangue rather than harassment. The means include advertising campaigns, soap operas with a message, and speeches. Regularity and duress are independent features. For others to replicate Asia's fertility transition, it may require regularity and duress and a focus on the engineers, such as interior ministry officials, heads of local government, and family planning program managers. The political/administrative dimension is important for the course of fertility decline. Governance issues are discussed for Indonesia and Thailand, with exemplary family planning programs but different political histories, and contrasts in India and China.
Download or read book What do we know about the fertility transition written by John Charles Caldwell and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Traditional Families and Fertility Decline written by Michael Bracher and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
