Download or read book Atmospheric Optics written by Nikolai B. Divari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some Statistical Determinations of the Instability of Television Images of Stars.- Images of the Lunar Limb and Heterogeneity Layers in the Troposphere.- Measuring Limb Vibrations of Solar Images.- Vibration of Star Images in Telescopes as a Function of Zenith Distance.- Distribution of Wave-Front Distortions That Cause Star-Image Vibration.- The Probability of Obtaining Good Star Images with Short-Exposure Photography.- Electronic Systems for Short-Exposure Photography of Celestial Objects.- Eliminating Multiple Scattering and Reflection of Light from the Underlying Surface from the Scatterin.
Download or read book The Monte Carlo Methods in Atmospheric Optics written by G.I. Marchuk and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is devoted to urgent questions of the theory and applications of the Monte Carlo method for solving problems of atmospheric optics and hydrooptics. The importance of these problems has grown because of the increas ing need to interpret optical observations, and to estimate radiative balance precisely for weather forecasting. Inhomogeneity and sphericity of the atmos phere, absorption in atmospheric layers, multiple scattering and polarization of light, all create difficulties in solving these problems by traditional methods of computational mathematics. Particular difficulty arises when one must solve nonstationary problems of the theory of transfer of narrow beams that are connected with the estimation of spatial location and time characteristics of the radiation field. The most universal method for solving those problems is the Monte Carlo method, which is a numerical simulation of the radiative-transfer process. This process can be regarded as a Markov chain of photon collisions in a medium, which result in scattering or absorption. The Monte Carlo tech nique consists in computational simulation of that chain and in constructing statistical estimates of the desired functionals. The authors of this book have contributed to the development of mathemati cal methods of simulation and to the interpretation of optical observations. A series of general method using Monte Carlo techniques has been developed. The present book includes theories and algorithms of simulation. Numerical results corroborate the possibilities and give an impressive prospect of the applications of Monte Carlo methods.
Download or read book Theoretical Fundamentals of Atmospheric Optics written by Yu. M. Timofeyev and published by Cambridge Int Science Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes the theoretical fundamentals of atmospheric optics as a science of propagation, transformation and generation of electromagnetic radiation in the atmosphere from ultraviolet to microwave radiation. The main characteristics of the planets of the solar system and their atmospheres are given. The equation of the transfer of radiation in different spectral ranges, absorption of radiation by atmospheric gases and aerosol, molecular, aerosol and other types of nonresonant scattering, atmospheric refraction, reflection of radiation from the surface, and glow of the atmosphere are discussed. Methods of calculating radiation for the solar and thermal range of the spectrum are outlined. Problems of radiation energetics and remote probing of the atmosphere are discussed. 1. Solar system: planets and the Sun 2. Earth's atmosphere 3. Propagation of radiation in atmosphere 4. Molecular absorption in atmosphere 5. Scattering of light in atmosphere 6. Optical properties of underlying surfaces 7. Fundamentals of theory of transfer of natural radiation of atmosphere 8. Main concepts of theory of transfer of solar radiation 9. Radiation energetics of the atmosphereunderlying suface system 10. Radiation as a source of information on optical and physical parameters of planet atmospheres
Download or read book Field Guide to Atmospheric Optics written by Larry C. Andrews and published by Society of Photo Optical. This book was released on 2004 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The material in this Field Guide is a condensed version of similar material found in two textbooks: Laser Beam Propagation through Random Media (SPIE Vol. PM53) and Laser Beam Scintillation with Applications (SPIE Vol. PM99). Topics chosen for this concise presentation include a review of classical Kolmogorov turbulence theory, Gaussian-beam waves in free space, and atmospheric effects on a propagating optical wave. These atmospheric effects have great importance in a variety of applications like imaging, free space optical communications, laser radar, and remote sensing. This Guide presents tractable mathematical models from which the practitioner can readily determine beam spreading, beam wander, spatial coherence radius (Fried's parameter), angle of arrival fluctuations, scintillation, aperture averaging effects, fade probabilities, bit error-rates, and enhanced backscatter effects, among others.
Download or read book Atmospheric Optics Measurements with a Balloon borne Nephelometer written by Frank W. Gibson and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large modified polar nephelometer was constructed for the purpose of making high altitude atmospheric optics measurements. The instrument is balloon-borne and measures the angular volume scattering function from ground to better than 26 km in absolute quantities. The results of the initial flight with the unit are presented and they depict the variability in this parameter over the altitude profile for three scattering angles and four wavelengths. In addition, the polarization and the forward-to-backscatter ratio of the scattered light are shown to be sensitive indicators of the atmosphere's vertical aerosol structure. The import of these preliminary results is, however, in pointing out the capabilities of this instrument, which can provide quantitative information on fundamental optical parameters of the atmosphere without the constraints inherent in other techniques.
Download or read book Aerosol Optics written by Alexander A. Kokhanovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-18 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new text offers experienced students a comprehensive review of available techniques for the remote sensing of aerosols. These small particles influence both atmospheric visibility and the thermodynamics of the atmosphere. They are also of great importance in any consideration of climate change problems. Aerosols may also be responsible for the loss of harvests, human health problems and ecological disasters. Thus, this detailed study of aerosol properties on a global scale could not be more timely.
Download or read book Color and Light in Nature written by David K. Lynch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-06-11 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a world of optical marvels - from the commonplace but beautiful rainbow, to the rare and eerie superior mirage. But how many of us really understand how a rainbow is formed, why the setting sun is red and flattened, or even why the sky at night is not absolutely black? This beautiful and informative guide provides clear explanations to all naturally occurring optical phenomena seen with the naked eye, including shadows, halos, water optics, mirages and a host of other spectacles. Separating myth from reality, it outlines the basic principles involved, and supports them with many figures and references. A wealth of rare and spectacular photographs, many in full color, illustrate the phenomena throughout. In this new edition of the highly-acclaimed guide to seeing, photographing and understanding nature's optical delights, the authors have added over 50 new images and provided new material on experiments you can try yourself.
Download or read book Practical Meteorology written by Roland Stull and published by Sundog Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2018 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quantitative introduction to atmospheric science for students and professionals who want to understand and apply basic meteorological concepts but who are not ready for calculus.
Download or read book Optics of the Atmosphere written by Earl J. McCartney and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1976 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optics in the Air written by Joseph A. Shaw and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Most naturally occurring optical displays can be seen from an airplane, and some are best viewed while airborne. This book is an introduction to optical phenomena in the natural world - primarily in the atmosphere (or "in the air"). It follows a simple approach that can be understood and enjoyed by readers without scientific training. A variety of optical phenomena are illustrated with photographs and explained with simplified line diagrams and descriptions. These phenomena range from everyday sky and sunset colors to the elusive noctilucent clouds and aurora, as well as a whole world of too-often-ignored occurences such as sun glitter patterns on bodies of water, colorful ringed glories and coronas, rainbows that cling to the clouds below a high-flying airplane, and ice halos that spring up as an airplane passes through high-altitude ice clouds"--
Download or read book Rainbows Halos and Glories written by Greenler and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1989 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Very Good,No Highlights or Markup,all pages are intact.
Download or read book Adaptive Optics for Astronomical Telescopes written by John W. Hardy and published by Oxford Optical and Imaging Sci. This book was released on 1998 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book by one of the leaders in adaptive optics covers the fundamental theory and then describes in detail how this technology can be applied to large ground-based telescopes to compensate for the effects of atmospheric turbulence. It includes information on basic adaptive optics components and technology, and has chapters devoted to atmospheric turbulence, optical image structure, laser beacons, and overall system design. The chapter on system design is particularly detailed and includes performance estimation and optimization. Combining a clear discussion of physical principles with numerous real-world examples, this book will be a valuable resource for all graduate students and researchers in astronomy and optics.
Download or read book Fiber Optic and Atmospheric Optical Communication written by Nathan Blaunstein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A GUIDE TO THE FUNDAMENTAL THEORY AND PRACTICE OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATION Fiber Optic and Atmospheric Optical Communication offers a much needed guide to characterizing and overcoming the drawbacks associated with optical communication links that suffer from various types of fading when optical signals with information traverse these wireless (atmospheric) or wired (fiber optic) channels. The authors—noted experts on the topic—present material that aids in predicting the capacity, data rate, spectral efficiency, and bit-error-rate associated with a channel that experiences fading. They review modulation techniques and methods of coding and decoding that are useful when implementing communications systems. The book also discusses how to model the channels, including treating distortion due to the various fading phenomena. Light waves and their similarity to radio waves are explored, and the way light propagates through the atmosphere, through materials, and through the boundary between two materials is explained. This important book: Characterizes principal optical sources and detectors, including descriptions of their advantages and disadvantages, to show how to design systems from start to finish Provides a new method of predicting and dealing with the dispersive properties of fiber optic cables and other optical guiding structures in order to increase data stream capacity Highlights effects of material and multimode (multi-ray) dispersion during propagation of optical signals with data through fiber optic channels Presents modulation techniques and methods of coding and decoding that are useful when implementing communications systems Written for professionals dealing with optical and electro-optical communications, Fiber Optic and Atmospheric Optical Communication explores the theory and practice of optical communication both when the optical signal is propagating through the atmosphere and when it is propagating through an optical fiber.
Download or read book Principles Of Adaptive Optics written by Robert Tyson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Adaptive Optics covers the basic principles of optics, wavefront sensing, controls, and wavefront correction that encompass the specialized field called adaptive optics. This book is composed of eight chapters that summarize the fundamental technology developments and the basic understanding of the various disciplines used in adaptive optics. After briefly reviewing the history, background, and developments of adaptive optics, this book goes on discussing the many sources of phase aberrations addressed by adaptive optics systems, such as linear effects due to turbulence, optical manufacturing, and misalignments, as well as errors that result from nonlinear thermal effects and fluid properties. The subsequent chapter deals with the performance enhancing role of adaptive optics systems in various disturbances. Other chapters describe the wavefront sampling, sensing, and correction subsystems. The concluding chapters explore the fundamental principles behind the adaptive optics control system and present summary expressions to determine the basic system parameters of an adaptive optics atmospheric compensation system. Communication scientists and engineers will find this work invaluable.
Download or read book Atmospheric Optics written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Guide to Atmospheric Optics written by Larry C. Andrews and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The material in this Field Guide includes a review of classical Kolmogorov turbulence theory, Gaussian-beam waves in free space, and atmospheric effects on a propagating optical wave. These atmospheric effects have great importance in a variety of applications like imaging, free space optical communications, laser radar, and remote sensing. This Field Guide presents tractable mathematical models from which the practitioner can readily determine beam spreading, beam wander, spatial coherence radius (Fried's parameter), angle of arrival fluctuations, scintillation, aperture averaging effects, fade probabilities, bit error-rates, and enhanced backscatter effects, among others. There have been a number of new model developments in atmospheric propagation of a laser beam since the first edition of this Field Guide to Atmospheric Optics, many of which are included in this second edition. The subject of Atmospheric Optics is more extensive than that presented here. For example, most treatments of the subject matter concentrate heavily on the scattering and absorption by the molecular gases, particulates, and aerosols in the atmosphere. This usually also includes a detailed analysis of the wind, temperature, and pressure, particularly as a function of altitude. Another area of concentration in many treatments of the subject takes into account meteorological optics, which is a fascinating area all of its own. The subject of optical phenomena is often presented in great detail covering rainbows, halos, mirages, red sunsets, and so on" ...
Download or read book Atmospheric Optics written by Nikolai B. Divari and published by Springer. This book was released on 1995-12-31 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
