Download or read book Associations of Subjective Social Status and Perceived Stress to Dietary Behaviors in College Students written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship that subjective social status indicators and perceived stress share with unhealthy diet behaviors. A total of 898 incoming freshmen students at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK) completed a web-based survey as part of a pilot study prior to their arrival at the UTK. Two versions of the Subjective Social Status (SSS) scale were used to assess incoming freshmen's perceptions of social standing in their high school environment and in a larger societal context. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was used to assess stress. Diet was analyzed by assessing frequency of fruit intake, frequency of vegetable intake, snacking frequency, and frequency of fast food intake for the month prior to the survey. Bivariate analyses were conducted to determine differences in mean SSS and PSS scores by sociodemographic categories and dietary behaviors. Correlations between SSS and PSS were assessed using either Pearson's correlations or Spearman's rank. Lastly, diet variables were dichotomized and logistic regression analysis was used to determine the prospective risk of PSS and SSS on dietary behaviors. School SSS was found to have a strong bimodal distribution. PSS was not significantly correlated with either SSS indicator. However, societal and school SSS were highly correlated. In the final, fully adjusted logistic regression model, lower school SSS was associated with increased odds of meeting fruit and vegetable recommendations, lower society SSS was associated with a reduction in the odds of meeting fruit recommendations, and higher PSS was associated with an increase in the odds of increased snacking intake. Results from the present study suggest that incoming freshmen are in a transitional period in their lives and are assessing their social status differently, depending on their maturity. In addition, stress does not appear to share a relationship with SSS, and only influences select unhealthy dietary behaviors. More research must be conducted in this area to determine where the shifts in perceptions of status occur for this population, and to determine the impact of SSS and PSS on other dietary behaviors known to influence health.

Download or read book The Social Psychology of Inequality written by Jolanda Jetten and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic inequality has been of considerable interest to academics, citizens, and politicians worldwide for the past decade–and while economic inequality has attracted a considerable amount of research attention, it is only more recently that researchers have considered that economic inequality may have broader societal implications. However, while there is an increasingly clear picture of the varied ways in which economic inequality harms the fabric of society, there is a relatively poor understanding of the social psychological processes that are at work in unequal societies. This edited book aims to build on this emerging area of research by bringing together researchers who are at the forefront of this development and who can therefore provide timely insight to academics and practitioners who are grappling with the impact of economic inequality. This book will address questions relating to perceptions of inequality, mechanisms underlying effects of inequality, various consequences of inequality and the factors that contribute to the maintenance of inequality. The target audiences are students at advanced undergraduate or graduate level, as well as scholars and professionals in the field. The book fills a niche of both applied and practical relevance, strongly emphasizing theory and integration of different perspectives in social psychology. Given the broad interest in inequality within the social sciences, the book will be accessible to sociologists and political scientists as well as social, organizational, and developmental psychologists. The insights brought together in The Social Psychology of Inequality will contribute to a broader understanding of the far-reaching costs of inequality for the social health of a society and its citizens. "This edited volume brings together cutting-edge social psychological research addressing one of the most pressing issues of our times – economic inequality. Collectively, the chapters illuminate why inequality has negative effects on individuals and societies, when and for whom these negative effects are most likely to emerge, and the psychological mechanisms that maintain inequality. This comprehensive volume is an essential read for those interested in understanding and ameliorating inequality." -Brenda Major, Distinguished Professor, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California “This invaluable volume demonstrates the indispensable and powerful contribution that social psychologists can make to our understanding of societal inequality. For those outside of social psychology it provides a unique and comprehensive overview of what social psychology has to offer, and for social psychologists it is exemplary in demonstrating how to make a systematic contribution to the understanding of a hotly debated real-world issue. Scholars and students alike and from various disciplines will gain much from reading this fascinating and inspiring social psychological journey.” -Maykel Verkuyten, Professor in Interdisciplinary Social Science, University of Utrecht “The Social Psychology of Inequality offers a superb and timely social-psychological analysis of the causes and consequence of increasing wealth and income gaps. With its refreshingly international authorship, this volume offers profound insights into the cognitive and social mechanisms that help maintain, but potentially also to overcome, an economy that is rigged in favor of the wealthy. A new and stimulating voice, illustrating science in the service of a fairer and more democratic society.” -Anne Maass, Professor of Social Psychology, University of Padova “This volume assembles an impressive list of leading international scholars to address a timely and important issue, the causes and consequences of economic inequality. The approach to the topic is social psychological, but the editors and chapters make valuable connections to related literatures on socio-structural influences in allied disciplines, such as economics, political science, and sociology. The Social Psychology of Inequality offers cutting-edge insights into the psychological dynamics of inequality and novel synthesis of structural- and individual-level influences and outcomes of inequality. It should attract a wide audience and will set the agenda for research on economic inequality well into the future.” -John F. Dovidio, Carl Iver Hovland Professor of Psychology and Public Health, Yale University

Download or read book Associations Between Intuitive Eating Scores and Perceived Stress Levels in College Students written by Erin Carney and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined whether an association existed between undergraduate students' intuitive eating and perceived stress levels utilizing Cohen, Kamarck, and Mermelstein's 14-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Hawks, Merrill, and Madanat's 27-item Intuitive Eating Scale (IES). Recruitment took place in an on-campus Public Health and Health Education (PHHE) elective course offered to all undergraduate students. Implementation of a double pre-test resulted in a baseline sample of 121 students of the 144 enrolled (84% response rate). Following the close of data collection and omission based on exclusion criteria, the total pre/post-sample was comprised of 79 students (55% response rate of 144). Demographic responses identified the following predominant characteristics for each sample: had not been diagnosed nor was it suggested they had an eating disorder, White, female, 18--20 years old, freshmen, and whose major could be categorized under the college of Health and Human Sciences. The graduate dietetic student leading the project hypothesized intuitive eating and perceived stress scores would have a negative relationship given that negative eating behaviors can be used as a coping mechanism in response to stress. Results of the study suggest that a positive relationship existed between intuitive eating and perceived stress levels in this sample. The present study's sample was also identified as more stressed and less agreeable to intuitive eating than participants observed in the original IES and PSS studies. In addition, this study analyzed the impact of an online intervention module on students' post-intuitive eating scores. Following the close of the second survey, participating students were randomly assigned to the control or intervention groups. Intervention participants received access to the module designed to serve as a resource to better shape students' appraisals of their individual stresses and therefore coping efforts. Specifically, this intervention provided information on negative coping mechanisms, alternative positive strategies, and the intuitive eating movement's 10 principles; guided viewers through an interactive mindful eating exercise; and referenced campus resources available for students to utilize to better manage stress and promote improved health and well-being. Analysis of module impact did not successfully identify statistically significant results between intervention and control groups. However, increased exposure to content matter and encouraged use of tools and campus resources may prove beneficial in future research efforts and in current practice.

Download or read book Social Causes of Psychological Distress written by Catherine E. Ross and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A core interest of social science is the study of stratification--inequalities in income, power, and prestige. Few persons would care about such inequalities if the poor, powerless, and despised were as happy and fulfilled as the wealthy, powerful, and admired. Social research often springs from humanistic empathy and concern as much as from scholarly and scientific curiosity. An economist might observe that black Americans are disproportionately poor, and investigate racial differences in education, employment, and occupation that account for disproportionate poverty. A table comparing additional income blacks and whites can expect for each additional year of education is thus as interesting in its own right as any dinosaur bone or photo of Saturn. However, something more than curiosity underscores our interest in the table. Racial differences in status and income are a problem in the human sense. Inequality in misery makes social and economic inequality personally meaningful. There are two ways social scientists avoid advocacy in addressing issues of social stratification. The first way is to resist projecting personal beliefs, values, and responses as much as possible, while recognizing that the attempt is never fully successful. The second way is by giving the values of the subjects an expression in the research design. Typically, this takes the form of opinion or attitude surveys. Researchers ask respondents to rate the seriousness of crimes, the appropriateness of a punishment for a crime, the prestige of occupations, the fair pay for a job, or the largest amount of money a family can earn and not be poor, and so on. The aggregate judgments, and variations in judgments, represent the values of the subjects and not those of the researcher. They are objective facts with causes and consequences of interest in their own right. This work is an effort to move methodology closer to human concerns without sacrificing the scientific grounds of research as such. The

Download or read book Associations Among Self compassion Stress and Eating Behavior in College Freshmen written by Darith James and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade, research has demonstrated the relationship between higher levels of self-compassion and lower levels of negative psychological outcomes. More recently, the concept of self-compassion has been explored within the context of various health behaviors. Very few studies have investigated the potential relationship between self-compassion and eating behaviors. Based on literature and the established relationship between negative self-evaluation and abnormal eating behaviors/eating disorders, the current study sought to examine correlations between self-compassion, eating behaviors, and stress in first time college freshmen. The study population consisted of 1478 participants; ages 18-22 years; females = 936 (63%), males = 541 (37%). Participants self-reported measures of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ), and the Self Compassion Scale (SCS). PSS score, the overall score and individual subscale scores of SCS, and the three subscale scores of the TFEQ (restraint, disinhibiton, hunger) were examined with Pearson correlations. Results of this study indicate significant (p =

Download or read book Completing College written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The report examines retention and degree attainment of 210,056 first-time, full-time students at 356 four-year non-profit institutions, using a combination of CIRP (Cooperative Institutional Research Program) Freshman Survey data and student graduation data from the National Student Clearinghouse"--Publisher's web site.

Download or read book Social Influences on Eating written by C. Peter Herman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the social environment affects food choices and intake, and documents the extent to which people are unaware of the significant impact of social factors on their eating. The authors take a unique approach to studying eating behaviors in ordinary circumstances, presenting a theory of normal eating that highlights social influences independent of physiological and taste factors. Among the topics discussed: Modeling of food intake and food choice Consumption stereotypes and impression management Research design, methodology, and ethics of studying eating behaviors What happens when we overeat? Effects of social eating Social Influences on Eating is a useful reference for psychologists and researchers studying food and nutritional psychology, challenging commonly held assumptions about the dynamics of food choice and intake in order to promote a better understanding of the power of social influence on all forms of behavior.

Download or read book Age Period Cohort Analysis written by Yang Yang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the ways in which statistical models, methods, and research designs can be used to open new possibilities for APC analysis. Within a single, consistent HAPC-GLMM statistical modeling framework, the authors synthesize APC models and methods for three research designs: age-by-time period tables of population rates or proportions, repeated cross-section sample surveys, and accelerated longitudinal panel studies. They show how the empirical application of the models to various problems leads to many fascinating findings on how outcome variables develop along the age, period, and cohort dimensions.

Download or read book Equity and Excellence in American Higher Education written by William G. Bowen and published by University of Virginia Press. This book was released on 200? with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas Jefferson once stated that the foremost goal of American education must be to nurture the "natural aristocracy of talent and virtue." Although in many ways American higher education has fulfilled Jefferson's vision by achieving a widespread level of excellence, it has not achieved the objective of equity implicit in Jefferson's statement. In Equity and Excellence in American Higher Education, William G. Bowen, Martin A. Kurzweil, and Eugene M. Tobin explore the cause for this divide. Employing historical research, examination of the most recent social science and public policy scholarship, international comparisons, and detailed empirical analysis of rich new data, the authors study the intersection between "excellence" and "equity" objectives. Beginning with a time line tracing efforts to achieve equity and excellence in higher education from the American Revolution to the early Cold War years, this narrative reveals the halting, episodic progress in broadening access across the dividing lines of gender, race, religion, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. The authors argue that despite our rhetoric of inclusiveness, a significant number of youth from poor families do not share equal access to America's elite colleges and universities. While America has achieved the highest level of educational attainment of any country, it runs the risk of losing this position unless it can markedly improve the precollegiate preparation of students from racial minorities and lower-income families. After identifying the "equity" problem at the national level and studying nineteen selective colleges and universities, the authors propose a set of potential actions to be taken at federal, state, local, and institutional levels. With recommendations ranging from reform of the admissions process, to restructuring of federal financial aid and state support of public universities, to addressing the various precollegiate obstacles that disadvantaged students face at home and in school, the authors urge all selective colleges and universities to continue race-sensitive admissions policies, while urging the most selective (and privileged) institutions to enroll more well-qualified students from families with low socioeconomic status.

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Consumer Psychology written by Cait Lamberton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-06 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two years, consumers have experienced massive changes in consumption – whether due to shifts in habits; the changing information landscape; challenges to their identity, or new economic experiences of scarcity or abundance. What can we expect from these experiences? How are the world's leading thinkers applying both foundational knowledge and novel insights as we seek to understand consumer psychology in a constantly changing landscape? And how can informed readers both contribute to and evaluate our knowledge? This handbook offers a critical overview of both fundamental topics in consumer psychology and those that are of prominence in the contemporary marketplace, beginning with an examination of individual psychology and broadening to topics related to wider cultural and marketplace systems. The Cambridge Handbook of Consumer Psychology, 2nd edition, will act as a valuable guide for teachers and graduate and undergraduate students in psychology, marketing, management, economics, sociology, and anthropology.

Download or read book Handbook of Eating and Drinking written by Herbert L. Meiselman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-05-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eating, including the provision of food and the consumption of food, is the biggest industry in the world, and a major contributor to our health, and to our enjoyment. This book on “Eating” is a unique and novel multi-disciplinary presentation of the whole breadth of research and discussion of the factors that impact eating, and reciprocally the factors that eating impacts. The purpose of this book is to familiarize readers with the areas of eating research and discussion with which they might not be familiar. The multi-disciplinary approach includes the basic and applied sciences (including biology, ecology, nutrition, and food science, as well as important behavioral and social sciences (including history, development, culinary arts, food service, business and marketing). The book ends with a review of current trends and predictions of the future for multiple aspects of eating.

Download or read book Social Capital and Health written by Ichiro Kawachi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As interest in social capital has grown over the past decade—particularly in public health —so has the lack of consensus on exactly what it is and what makes it worth studying. Ichiro Kawachi, a widely respected leader in the field, and 21 contributors (including physicians, economists, and public health experts) discuss the theoretical origins of social capital, the strengths and limitations of current methodologies of measuring it, and salient examples of social capital concepts informing public health practice. Among the highlights: Measurement methods: survey, sociometric, ethnographic, experimental The relationship between social capital and physical health and health behaviors: smoking, substance abuse, physical activity, sexual activity Social capital and mental health: early findings Social capital and the aging community Social capital and disaster preparedness Social Capital and Health is certain to inspire a new generation of research on this topic, and will be of interest to researchers and advanced students in public health, health behavior, and social epidemiology.

Download or read book World Development Report 1978 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1978 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first report deals with some of the major development issues confronting the developing countries and explores the relationship of the major trends in the international economy to them. It is designed to help clarify some of the linkages between the international economy and domestic strategies in the developing countries against the background of growing interdependence and increasing complexity in the world economy. It assesses the prospects for progress in accelerating growth and alleviating poverty, and identifies some of the major policy issues which will affect these prospects.

Download or read book Exploring the Interaction between Health promoting and Health Risk Behaviours in Health written by Huixuan Zhou and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-28 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health-related behaviours play positive or negative roles in people’s health. For instance, health risk behaviours, such as sedentary behaviours (e.g., binge-watching TV and playing computer games), the use of alcohol, tobacco, or other substances, and lack of sleep, have been found to negatively affect the physical and mental health of people. On the other hand, some studies show that health-promoting behaviours, such as physical activity and healthy dietary habits, can mitigate or reverse the negative effects of health risk behaviours on health outcomes. In the meantime, some studies indicate that the harmful effects of some health risk behaviours may not be mitigated by health-promoting behaviours. For instance, some studies show that sedentary behaviours and physical activity are independently associated with some physical and mental health outcomes; interventions to increase physical activity with and without decreasing sedentary time lead to different health outcomes. Clearly more research is needed to show the interaction between health-promoting behaviours and health risk behaviours in health, which could shed light on the management of health-related behaviours.

Download or read book Health and Academic Achievement written by Blandina Bernal-Morales and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-09-19 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emotional, physical and social well-being describe human health from birth. Good health goes hand in hand with the ability to handle stress for the future. However, biological factors such as diet, life experiences such as drug abuse, bullying, burnout and social factors such as family and community support at the school stage tend to mold health problems, affecting academic achievements. This book is a compilation of current scientific information about the challenges that students, families and teachers face regarding health and academic achievements. Contributions also relate to how physical activity, psychosocial support and other interventions can be made to understand resilience and vulnerability to school desertion. This book will be of interest to readers from broad professional fields, non-specialist readers, and those involved in education policy.

Download or read book Intuitive Eating 2nd Edition written by Evelyn Tribole, M.S., R.D. and published by St. Martin's Griffin. This book was released on 2007-04-01 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We've all been there-angry with ourselves for overeating, for our lack of willpower, for failing at yet another diet that was supposed to be the last one. But the problem is not you, it's that dieting, with its emphasis on rules and regulations, has stopped you from listening to your body. Written by two prominent nutritionists, Intuitive Eating focuses on nurturing your body rather than starving it, encourages natural weight loss, and helps you find the weight you were meant to be. Learn: *How to reject diet mentality forever *How our three Eating Personalities define our eating difficulties *How to feel your feelings without using food *How to honor hunger and feel fullness *How to follow the ten principles of Intuitive Eating, step-by-step *How to achieve a new and safe relationship with food and, ultimately, your body With much more compassionate, thoughtful advice on satisfying, healthy living, this newly revised edition also includes a chapter on how the Intuitive Eating philosophy can be a safe and effective model on the path to recovery from an eating disorder.

Download or read book Mental Health written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: