Download or read book Associations of Myosteatosis with Disc Degeneration a 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study in Individuals with Impaired Glycaemia written by Thierno Diawo Diallo and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Background Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) may be linked to dysregulations of skeletal muscle glucose metabolism and fatty alterations of muscle composition (Myosteatosis). Our aim was to evaluate the different associations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based paravertebral myosteatosis with lumbar disc degeneration in individuals with impaired glucose metabolism and normoglycaemic controls. Methods In total, 304 individuals (mean age: 56.3 ± 9.1 years, 53.6% male sex, mean body mass index [BMI]: 27.6 ± 4.7 kg/m2) from a population-based cohort study who underwent 3-Tesla whole-body chemical-shift-encoded (six echo times) and T2-weighted single-shot-fast-spin-echo MRI were included. Lumbar disc degeneration was assessed at motion segments L1 to L5, categorized according to the Pfirrmann score and defined as Pfirrmann grade > 2 and/or disc bulging/herniation on at least one segment. Fat content of the autochthonous back muscles and the quadratus lumborum muscle was quantified as proton density fat fraction (PDFFmuscle). Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, BMI and regular physical activity were calculated to evaluate the association between PDFFmuscle and outcome IVDD. Results The overall prevalence of IVDD was 79.6%. There was no significant difference in the prevalence or severity distribution of IVDD between participants with or without impaired glucose metabolism (77.7% vs. 80.7%, P = 0.63 and P = 0.71, respectively). PDFFmuscle was significantly and positively associated with an increased risk for the presence of IVDD in participants with impaired glycaemia when adjusted for age, sex and BMI (PDFFautochthonous back muscles: odds ratio [OR] 2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.09, 4.3], P = 0.03; PDFFquadratus lumborum: OR 2.01, 95% CI [1.04, 3.85], P = 0.04). After further adjustment for regular physical activity, the results attenuated, albeit approaching statistical significance (PDFFautochthonous back muscles: OR 1.97, 95% CI [0.97, 3.99], P = 0.06; PDFFquadratus lumborum: OR 1.86, 95% CI [0.92, 3.76], P = 0.09). No significant associations were shown in healthy controls (PDFFautochthonous back muscles: OR 0.62, 95% CI [0.34, 1.14], P = 0.13; PDFFquadratus lumborum: OR 1.06, 95% CI [0.6, 1.89], P = 0.83). Conclusions Paravertebral myosteatosis is positively associated with intervertebral disc disease in individuals with impaired glucose metabolism, independent of age, sex and BMI. Regular physical activity may confound these associations. Longitudinal studies will help to better understand the pathophysiological role of skeletal muscle in those with concomitant disturbed glucose haemostasis and intervertebral disc disease, as well as possible underlying causal relationships

Download or read book Spectral Computed Tomography written by Björn J. Heismann and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computed tomography (CT) is a widely used x-ray scanning technique. In its prominent use as a medical imaging device, CT serves as a workhorse in many clinical settings throughout the world. It provides answers to urgent diagnostic tasks such as oncology tumor staging, acute stroke analysis, or radiation therapy planning. Spectral Computed Tomography provides a concise, practical coverage of this important medical tool. The first chapter considers the main clinical motivations for spectral CT applications. In Chapter 2, the measurement properties of spectral CT systems are described. Chapter 3 provides an overview of the current state of research on spectral CT algorithms. Based on this overview, the technical realization of spectral CT systems is evaluated in Chapter 4. Device approaches such as DSCT, kV switching, and energy-resolving detectors are compared. Finally, Chapter 5 summarizes various algorithms for spectral CT reconstructions and spectral CT image postprocessing, and links these algorithms to clinical use cases

Download or read book Neuro Geriatrics written by Babak Tousi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-06 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual takes a multidisciplinary approach to neurological disorders in the elderly. Comprehensive and practical, it includes the most recent diagnostic criteria and immediately accessible visual care paths including the latest pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions. Covering a range of modalities, from the importance and impact of each disease to diagnostic criteria, genetics, laboratory and imaging findings, treatment and care paths, this book focuses on neurological conditions that occur commonly in older persons or which have a striking effect on their lives. The common types of dementias, Parkinson’s disease and related disorders, rapidly progressive diseases, seizure disorders and multiple sclerosis are covered. Issues commonly affecting this population, such as neurobehavioral symptoms and caregiver issues, are discussed. Neuro-Geriatrics: A Clinical Manual is aimed at any physician who treats the elderly with neurological disorders: neurologists, geriatricians and geriatric psychiatrists, both specialists and general practitioners.

Download or read book Population Health and Aging written by Albert I. Hermalin and published by New York Academy of Sciences. This book was released on 2002-09-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Population Health is an emerging field that draws heavily on two disciplines: demography and epidemiology. In recent years, as demographers have become increasingly interested in health transitions and trajectories and as epidemiologists have become increasingly interested in population-level disease dynamics, the two fields have converged in many ways. But their separate histories, cultures, languages, organizations, and missions have acted as impediments to dialogue among practitioners in the two fields. This volume seeks to improve conversation across the disciplines. It brings together reports on current research that provide examples of work that bridges (or has the potential to bridge) the two fields, and helps identify organizational and institutional pathways that can encourage collaboration.

Download or read book Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Cancer written by Seigo Kitano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-16 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy for gastric cancer was performed in Japan in 1991. In the ensuing 20 years, at first through a process of trial and error, then through the sharing of master surgeons’ accumulated experience, the procedure has been honed and refined to its current high level. From the beginning, it soon became evident that this much less invasive form of gastrectomy, in comparison with traditional open surgery, led to improved quality of life for postsurgical patients, and use of the procedure spread rapidly among gastric surgeons. Early on, however, there were calls for the establishment of standard techniques and procedures to be followed, with a recognized need to improve the level of safety and the quality of lymph node dissection for local control in cancer treatment. Toward that end, the Laparoscopy-Assisted Gastrectomy Club was formed in 1999. In the following year, because both Japan and Korea experience a high rate of gastric cancer, specialists from those two nations came together to form the Japan–Korea Laparoscopic Gastrectomy Joint Seminar, to facilitate and encourage the exchange of vital information. The result has been to achieve an evolving consensus among specialists in the field of endoscopic surgery in Japan and Korea with expertise that can be shared worldwide. A compilation of the current state-of-the-art is now presented in this volume, with accompanying DVD, which will be of great value to all endoscopic surgeons who perform laparoscopic gastrectomy.