Download or read book Associations Between Eating Behaviors Diet Quality and Body Mass Index Among Adolescents written by Megan C. Lawless and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The prevalence of overweight and obesity are high in the U.S. and affect the population across all sociodemographic groups. Research shows that eating behaviors influence dietary intake as well as weight status, but both are complex processes that are influenced by a variety of biological, personal, behavioral, and environmental factors. Typically, adolescence is characterized by increased intakes of high-energy foods and beverages, higher obesity rates, as well as increasing prevalence of unhealthy weight management practices compared to younger age groups. Despite the obesogenic epidemic and high prevalence of unhealthy diets among adolescents, little is known about how eating behaviors, such as disinhibition and restraint, function in relation to weight and dietary outcomes in this age group. The purpose of the current research was to examine the associations between the two dysregulated eating behaviors, disinhibition and restraint, in relation to BMI and overall diet quality in a sample of adolescents. Subjects were 16-year olds participating in a longitudinal study that examines self-regulation as a predictor of cardiometabolic risks among adolescents. Disinhibition and restraint were measured using the subscales of the Three- Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ). Dietary intake was assessed from 24 hour-dietary recalls that were used to calculate the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI). Two separate hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to test whether restraint moderated the associations between disinhibition and overall diet quality and BMI-for-age percentile. After adjusting for race and SES, the interaction effect between disinhibition and restraint fell short of statistical significance in the model that predicted BMI-for-age percentile (b=-.231 p=.176). There was a main effect of disinhibition on BMI-for-age percentiles (b=1.754, p=.012) such that individuals reporting higher scores for disinhibition had greater BMI-for-age percentiles. There was also a significant main effect of restraint on BMI-for-age percentile (b=.961, p=.038) so as the scores for restraint increased, so did BMI-for-age percentile. HEI-2010 scores were significantly associated with restraint scores (p=.009). Post-hoc probing revealed that at a high level of restraint, the association between disinhibition and HEI scores was non-significant (B=-.669, p=0.136). At low levels of restraint, there was a trend towards positive association between disinhibition and HEI-2010 score; however, this was statistically non-significant (B=1.073, p=0.069). In conclusion, the present study suggests that high levels of restraint independently predict both better diet quality and lower BMI-for-age percentiles, while disinhibition predicts only higher BMI-for-age percentiles among adolescents. Future studies should examine other factors, such as dieting status, to better understand these relationships in this target population."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.

Download or read book Bright Futures in Practice written by Kevin Patrick and published by American Academy of Pediatrics. This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents physical activity guidelines and tools emphasizing health promotion, disease prevention, and early recognition of physical activity issues and concerns of infants, children, and adolescents. Designed for use by physicians, nurses, dietitians, and health educators to screen and assess the physical activity levels of infants, children, and adolescents and to provide anticipatory guidance on physical activity to families.

Download or read book Associations of Breastfeeding Diet Quality and Physical Activity with Obesity in Adolescents written by Emily Shields and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Breastfed infants have a reduced risk of becoming overweight or obese during childhood compared to formula fed infants. However, there is little evidence to assess whether this protective effect of breastfeeding persists into adolescence. As rates of obesity rise in adolescents, it is important to determine if breastfeeding in early infancy continues to have a protective effect on obesity, while also examining the health behaviors of diet and exercise to see if they are related to Body Mass Index (BMI). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between diet and BMI, physical activity and BMI, and breastfeeding and BMI during adolescence. All analyses were completed with waist circumference (WC) also. Participants were 163 16-year-olds. Dietary intake was determined from three, 24-hr dietary recalls which was used to calculate the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI). Physical activity (PA) was determined using the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, asking participants the number of times during the past week they completed strenuous, moderate, and mild exercise greater than 15 minutes and calculating a Total Exercise Score (TES). Mothers of participants were asked if they had breastfed their child, and if so, how many months and if supplemented with formula. This was used to calculate breastfeeding intensity. In a multivariate regression analysis examining gender, race, SES, HEI, TES, and breastfeeding, significant predictors of BMI were race and breastfeeding (R2=0.112, p=0.001). For every increase in breastfeeding intensity, BMI decreased by 0.22 units. Non-whites had a 3.14-unit increase in BMI compared to whites. Non-whites had a significantly lower SES, HEI, PA, and breastfeeding intensity than whites. In a multivariate regression analysis examining gender, race, SES, HEI, TES, and breastfeeding, significant predictors of WC were gender and breastfeeding (R2=0.065, p=0.036). For every increase in breastfeeding intensity, WC decreased by 0.48 cm. Males had a 6.87cm increase in WC compared to females. These results suggest that breastfeeding in early infancy may reduce the risk of obesity in adolescence. Race may be such a strong predictor of BMI because non-whites had a lower PA, diet quality, breastfeeding intensity, and SES."--Abstract from author supplied metadata

Download or read book Perception of Weight Status in U S Children and Adolescents Aged 8 15 Years 2005 2012 written by Neda Sarafrazi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nutrition in Clinical Practice written by David L. Katz and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2012-03-28 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by one of America's foremost authorities in preventive medicine, Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Second Edition is the practical, comprehensive, evidence-based reference that all clinicians need to offer patients effective, appropriate dietary counseling. This fully revised edition incorporates the latest studies and includes new chapters on diet and hematopoiesis, diet and dermatologic conditions, and health effects of coffee, chocolate, and ethanol. Each chapter concludes with concise guidelines for counseling and treatment, based on consensus and the weight of evidence. Appendices include clinically relevant formulas, nutrient data tables, patient-specific meal planners, and print and Web-based resources for clinicians and patients.

Download or read book Hunger and Obesity written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-26 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At some point during 2009, more than 17 million households in the United States had difficulty providing enough food for all their members because of a lack of resources. In more than one-third of these households, the food intake of some household members was reduced and normal eating patterns were disrupted due to limited resources. The Workshop on Understanding the Relationship Between Food Insecurity and Obesity was held to explore the biological, economic, psychosocial, and other factors that may influence the relationship between food insecurity, overweight, and obesity in the United States. Hunger and Obesity examines current concepts and research findings in the field. The report identifies information gaps, proposes alternative approaches to analyzing data, recommends new data that should be collected, and addresses the limitations of the available research.

Download or read book The Asia Pacific Perspective written by Asia-Pacific Steering Committee and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Influences on Children and Adolescent s Diet Quality written by Katherine Ann Lust and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Associations Between Parental Criticism and Dysregulated Eating in Adolescents with and Without Loss of Control written by Claire M. Trainor and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescents with overweight/obesity and binge spectrum eating disorders often experience dysregulated eating behaviors such as overeating, loss of control eating (LOC), and dietary restraint. Understanding maintaining mechanisms, particularly family factors, of these behaviors is essential. Parental criticism has been linked to eating pathology in adolescents, but its momentary association with dysregulated eating behaviors has not been studied. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between momentary criticism and dysregulated eating behaviors in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Thirty-seven adolescents (aged 14-18) with overweight and obesity (BMI% >85.0) and their parents participated in this study, completing seven days of ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Participants responded to seven surveys a day throughout the EMA period, assessing overeating, LOC, dietary restraint, and criticism. Results revealed relatively low levels of criticism within the sample and low within-subjects concordance between parents and adolescents regarding perception of criticism. Adolescents who reported LOC at any point in the EMA time period were more likely to endorse overeating, restraint, and both adolescent- and caregiver-reported criticism than those without LOC. Additionally, adolescent overeating at one time point, but not LOC or dietary restraint, was associated with elevated likelihood of parental criticism at subsequent timepoints, which was moderated by EMA LOC status; individuals with LOC were more likely to report parental criticism, while individuals without LOC were less likely to report parental criticism. Furthermore, adolescent-reported criticism was linked to increased likelihood of engaging in dietary restraint at subsequent timepoints. No other significant findings emerged. This study is the first to examine momentary associations between parental criticism and eating behaviors in adolescents with overweight and obesity. This study highlights the importance of understanding momentary criticism and its relationship with dysregulated eating behaviors in adolescents with overweight and obesity. The findings suggest that adolescent overeating is associated with subsequent parental criticism, particularly for those with LOC. Moreover, parental criticism is associated with subsequent restraint. However, more research is needed to fully understand the role of momentary criticism in dysregulated eating behaviors, and future directions for this research are discussed.

Download or read book Eating Behavior and Food Decision Making in Children and Adolescents written by Oh-Ryeong Ha and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-23 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Krause s Food the Nutrition Care Process written by L. Kathleen Mahan and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 1255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most respected nutrition text for more than 50 years, Krause's Food & the Nutrition Care Process delivers comprehensive and up-to-date information from respected educators and practitioners in the field. The latest recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, new and expanded chapters, and a large variety of tables, boxes, and pathophysiology algorithms provide need-to-know information with ease, making this text perfect for use in class or everyday practice. Clear, logical organization details each step of complete nutritional care from assessment to therapy. UNIQUE! Pathophysiology algorithms clarify the illness process and to ensure more effective care. New Directions boxes reflect the latest research in emerging areas in nutrition therapy. Focus On boxes provide additional detail on key chapter concepts. Clinical Insight boxes and Clinical Scenarios with detailed Sample Nutrition Diagnosis statements help ensure the most accurate and effective interventions in practice. Key terms listed at the beginning of each chapter and bolded within the text provide quick access to important nutrition terminology. More than 1,000 self-assessment questions on a companion Evolve website reinforce key textbook content. Reorganized table of contents reinforces the Nutrition Care Process structure endorsed by the American Dietetic Association (ADA). New recommendations reflect a comprehensive approach to diet and nutrition that incorporates the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, the MyPyramid food guide, and the Eating Well with Canada's Food Guide recommendations. MNT for Thyroid Disorders chapter details important nutrition considerations for managing thyroid disorders. New calcium and vitamin D Dietary Recommended Intakes (DRIs) improve monitoring of nutrient intake. Expanded Nutrition in Aging chapter includes assessment and nutritional care guidelines for the growing elderly patient population. Growth grids for children detail proper patient nutrition during infancy and early childhood. Extensively revised MNT for Food Allergies chapter highlights the importance of food allergy management in clinical nutrition therapy. Updated appendices enhance assessment accuracy with the latest laboratory findings and normal values.

Download or read book Associations Between Diet Quality and Mental Health in New Zealand Adolescents written by Ashwinee Kulkarni and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background The diet quality of young people has deteriorated significantly over recent decades. Poor diet quality has previously been implicated in poor physical health outcomes, including obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. However, more recently, there has been an interest in the relationship between diet quality and mental health, especially depression. The alarmingly high prevalence of depression in adolescent populations presents a threat to the emotional, physical, and social wellbeing of young people. Therefore, examining the relationship between diet, a modifiable lifestyle factor, and depression may have implications for improving the mental health of young people. Aims and Objectives This study explored the relationship between diet quality and self-reported mental health in an ethnically diverse adolescent population. Specifically, two objectives were examined: - Cross-sectional analyses to determine if diet quality is associated with mental health; and - Prospective analyses to determine if diet quality predicts mental health over time. Method Data for the study was derived from baseline and follow-up measurements of the New Zealand arm of the Pacific Obesity Prevention in Communities (OPIC) study. Six high schools in the South Auckland region of New Zealand participated in the OPIC study. All students enrolled in years 9-13 of participating schools were eligible to take part. Data was available for 4249 students at baseline; 679 students also had one-year follow-up data. Responses from self-report dietary questionnaires were used to assess diet quality; healthy eating and unhealthy eating were assessed as two separate scales measuring various eating behaviours. Mental health was assessed by the emotional subscale of the PedsQL instrument. Results A significant cross-sectional relationship was identified between diet quality and mental health. Eating a healthy diet was associated with fewer depressive symptoms; eating an unhealthy diet was associated with more depressive symptoms. These relationships remained significant after controlling for age, ethnicity and gender. No significant relationships were observed between diet quality at baseline and mental health scores at one-year follow-up. Conclusions These findings suggest that diet quality is associated with mental health in adolescents; however, the relationship between the variables over time is ambiguous and requires further exploration.

Download or read book Addressing the Socioeconomic Determinants of Healthy Eating Habits and Physical Activity Levels Among Adolescents written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dietary Intake Eating Behavior and Health Outcomes written by Rafaela Rosário and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-28 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book P1 08 04 Implications of Sleep Quality and Eating Behavior in Obesity Prevention A Cross sectional Study in Young Adults written by Trinitat Cambras and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IntroductionFood intake behavior is implicated in many chronic health issues, including obesity. Thus, understanding the underlying factors that affect food intake is important. Several studies have associated sleep restriction to increased dietary intake and poor food choices, which can be driven by hedonic mechanisms, specially food palatability. Given that people eat for different reasons other than stress, including boredom, anxiety, sadness or joy, our aim was to study the potential association between sleep quality and the cognitive-behavioral nature of food intake (eating behaviors, EB), as well as their impact on body mass index in a population of young adults.Materials and MethodsOne thousand twenty eight young adults (78% females; 21.4u00b14.1years) were included in a cross-sectional study. The following questionnaires were used: Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep quality (scores >5 indicate poor sleep quality), the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire to assess the three dimensions of EB (emotional, uncontrolled and restraint eating) (Higher scores indicate higher EB). Additionally, height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and the level of physical activity were evaluated. Statistical analysis were performed using SPSS v24, and adjusted for confounding variables.ResultsSixty one percent of the studied population had a poor sleep quality, whereas no significant associations were found between poor sleep quality, gender or age. Poor sleep quality was associated with uncontrolled (p

Download or read book Food Insecurity and Hunger in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-05-02 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is viewed by the world as a country with plenty of food, yet not all households in America are food secure, meaning access at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life. A proportion of the population experiences food insecurity at some time in a given year because of food deprivation and lack of access to food due to economic resource constraints. Still, food insecurity in the United States is not of the same intensity as in some developing countries. Since 1995 the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has annually published statistics on the extent of food insecurity and food insecurity with hunger in U.S. households. These estimates are based on a survey measure developed by the U.S. Food Security Measurement Project, an ongoing collaboration among federal agencies, academic researchers, and private organizations. USDA requested the Committee on National Statistics of the National Academies to convene a panel of experts to undertake a two-year study in two phases to review at this 10-year mark the concepts and methodology for measuring food insecurity and hunger and the uses of the measure. In Phase 2 of the study the panel was to consider in more depth the issues raised in Phase 1 relating to the concepts and methods used to measure food security and make recommendations as appropriate. The Committee on National Statistics appointed a panel of 10 experts to examine the above issues. In order to provide timely guidance to USDA, the panel issued an interim Phase 1 report, Measuring Food Insecurity and Hunger: Phase 1 Report. That report presented the panel's preliminary assessments of the food security concepts and definitions; the appropriateness of identifying hunger as a severe range of food insecurity in such a survey-based measurement method; questions for measuring these concepts; and the appropriateness of a household survey for regularly monitoring food security in the U.S. population. It provided interim guidance for the continued production of the food security estimates. This final report primarily focuses on the Phase 2 charge. The major findings and conclusions based on the panel's review and deliberations are summarized.

Download or read book Influence of the Home Environment on Diet Quality and Weight Status of Adolescents written by Tamara Tabbakh and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The home environment is a critical setting for the development of weight status in adolescence. At present a limited number of valid and reliable tools are available to evaluate the weight-related comprehensive home environment of this population. Aim 1a was to develop and validate the Multidimensional Home Environment Scale (MHES), which measures multiple components of the home. This scale includes psychological, social, and environmental domains from the perspective of adolescents and their mothers. After establishing content validity via an expert panel in nutrition, a validation sample of 218 mother-adolescent dyads completed a demographics survey and original version of the MHES. A focus group with the target population of adolescents (n=7) was conducted and feedback regarding item difficulty, content, bias, and relevance was incorporated. Principal components analysis yielded a 12-factor structure for adolescents and 14-factor structure for mothers. Internal consistency reliability was achieved for the majority of subscales, with [alpha]=0.5-0.9 for adolescents and [alpha]=0.7-0.9 for mothers. In addition, the MHES showed test-retest reliability for both adolescents (r=0.90) and mothers (r=0.91). Aim 1 b was to develop and validate a Nutrition Knowledge scale using the same sample as Aim 1a. Nutrition knowledge was assessed in this sample of 114 dyads. A 20-item scale was modified from previous version developed by the author. This instrument was composed of multiple-choice questions classified into four categories of knowledge: macronutrient, micronutrient, healthy eating and physical activity recommendations and fast-food nutrition. Content validity of the scale was established using feedback from an expert panel in nutrition (n=10) and a focus group of the sample population tested (n=7). The scale demonstrated high internal consistency reliability (adolescents: [alpha]=0.70, mothers: [alpha]=0.78) and test-retest reliability (adolescents: r=0.47, p=0.01, mothers: r=0.77, p=0.00). Aim 2 was to examine the impact of the comprehensive home environment on diet quality and weight status of adolescents using the MHES. A sample of 206 mothers and adolescents were recruited from local middle schools in the Austin area and completed a demographics survey, final version of the MHES, Food Frequency Questionnaire, and a Nutrition Knowledge scale online. Weight and height of adolescents were measured by the author using a standard protocols. Body Mass Index (BMI)-for-age percentiles were determined using the Center for Disease Control growth charts. Diet quality was estimated using the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Two models were created and reported in this dissertation. The first univariate model included each of the home environment factors as independent variables, and diet quality and BMI as dependent variables. The second model was developed using significant variables only from the initial model. Availability of healthy foods (p=0.00), healthy eating attitude (p=0.01), and accessibility to unhealthy foods (p=0.04) in the home were the strongest predictors of diet quality. Self-efficacy (p=0.02) and availability of healthy foods (p=0.02) emerged as significant predictors of BMI. Aim 3 of this dissertation research was to determine the effect of nutrition knowledge on the home environment and diet quality using the Healthy Eating Index-2010. This aim was accomplished using the same sample as Aim 2. It was hypothesized that the comprehensive home, with its psychological, social, and environmental features, would mediate the relationship between maternal nutrition knowledge and diet quality. A non-linear relationship between nutrition knowledge of the mother and diet quality of the adolescent was observed. Inclusion of the mediator in the model yielded significant estimates of the indirect effect ([beta]=0.61, 95% CI: 0.3-1.0), with a 65.2% reduction in the model. This suggests that the home environment functioned as a partial mediator of the influence of nutrition knowledge on diet quality. Then, mediation analysis with the combination of psychological, social, and environmental factors was conducted in three separate regressions. Psychological ([beta]=0.46), social ([beta]=0.23), and environmental ([beta]=0.65) variables were all significant mediators of nutrition knowledge on diet quality. Collectively, these results suggest that the MHES is an appropriate tool for measurement of the nutritional home environment of adolescents. The home environment appeared to significantly modulate diet quality and BMI of adolescents, particularly with respect to availability of healthy foods, healthy eating attitudes, and self-efficacy.