Download or read book Assisted Reproductive Technology and Adverse Child Health Outcomes written by Michele Hansen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Truncated abstract] Background and Aims: Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) have undergone rapid development since the birth of the first IVF baby, in 1978. Studies evaluating the safety of ART have lagged far behind rapidly changing laboratory techniques and are largely limited to short term health outcomes that can be assessed at or close to the time of birth. Western Australia (WA) is the only State in Australia with a statutory Reproductive Technology Register (RTR), and one of only a few places in the world with the infrastructure for routine population based data linkage. Linkage of data from the RTR to other health registers allows for long term follow up of ART births and comparison of health outcomes with all other non ART births in the population. The publication of an earlier study using data from these registers showed that Western Australian ART infants had a two fold increased risk of birth defects compared with non ART infants. These results generated much discussion in the ART literature with clinicians stating that national ART registers reported much lower birth defect prevalence rates and that other studies had not found an increased birth defect risk following ART. The main aims of this thesis were to systematically review and pool the results of the literature comparing birth defects in ART and non ART infants; to compare the prevalence of birth defects in WA born ART infants identified through record linkage to the WA Register of Developmental Anomalies with the prevalence of birth defects reported to the national Australian ART Register by WA IVF clinicians; and finally, to compare the prevalence of birth defects, perinatal outcomes and hospital admission in the total population of ART and non ART births in Western Australia from 1994 to 2002. Methods: Systematic review of the ART birth defects literature. Systematic review of the ART literature was carried out in March 2003 and again, almost 10 years later, in September 2012. I specifically searched for papers that compared birth defects in IVF or ICSI infants and a non ART comparison group. Pooled estimates of birth defect risk were calculated for all studies and for studies of singletons and multiples separately, as well as for a range of other important subgroups. Comparison of birth defect ascertainment based on a national ART Register with record linkage to a dedicated birth defects register. Birth defect prevalence in WA born ART infants was compared when the national ART register was used as a source of birth defects data and when record linkage of the statutory RTR with the WA Register of Developmental Anomalies (WARDA) was used to identify birth defects. Birth defects, perinatal outcome and hospital admission in ART and non ART children in Western Australia. All ART and non ART births in Western Australia during the study period were identified using record linkage of the Reproductive Technology Register, the Midwives Notification System, the WARDA and the Hospital Morbidity System. Birth defects diagnosed in terminations of pregnancy and up to the age of six years were compared in ART and non ART children. Perinatal outcomes and hospital admission up to three years of age were also compared. The results were analysed separately for singletons and twins...

Download or read book Assisted Reproduction Techniques written by Khaldoun Sharif and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-26 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assisted reproduction techniques have led to the birth of 4 million babies worldwide Assisted reproduction techniques (ART), in particular in-vitro fertilization and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection, are the most advanced forms of infertility treatment. They involve numerous counseling, medical, surgical and laboratory-based steps. At each step various problems and complications could be encountered that challenge even the most experienced ART practitioners. Moreover, patients with complex medical disorders may require ART, presenting further challenges. Assisted Reproduction Techniques will stimulate resourceful thinking in the ART practitioner when faced with these challenges. It outlines various management options, the reasoning behind them, and the evidence on which they are based to enable the practitioner to choose the most suitable solution for the needs of each patient. Written by 122 internationally renowned experts, Assisted Reproduction Techniques follows the patient's journey throughout the whole ART process, with chapters on: Counseling and preparation Ovarian stimulation Oocyte retrieval Embryo transfer The luteal phase The ART laboratory The male patient The ART pregnancy Each of the 100 concise chapters includes clinical cases, background, evidence-based practical management options, preventive measures and key-point summaries of the important details. Assisted Reproduction Techniques gives a wide-ranging practical guide to all those wishing to support couples who cannot conceive naturally.

Download or read book Health and Welfare of ART Children written by Alastair Sutcliffe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-07-27 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive overview of the known literature concerning the physical and psychosocial health of children conceived by ART brings together an international panel of experts in fertility medicine, epidemiology, medical genetics, obstetrics, twin research, psychosocial development and pediatrics. Each chapter gives a concise, readable commentar

Download or read book Pregnancy and Birth After Assisted Reproductive Technologies written by Michael Ludwig and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-08-07 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within 10 chapters this book addresses the whole gamut of questions that may arise in the context of pregnancy resulting from assisted reproduction. Incidence of abortion, extrauterine pregnancy or chromosomal abnormalities, pregnancy complications, problems regarding mode of delivery and the health status of children at birth are covered as well as the further development of the children and the social structure of the families. Topics such as follow-up of families in lesbian relationships and following gamete donations are also discussed.

Download or read book Infertility Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Hormone Assays written by Dhastagir Sultan Sheriff and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-07-17 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infertility is a major public health concern and medical condition that afflicts millions globally. As such, many people seek reproductive care with the goal of receiving a proper diagnosis and a successful outcome using assisted reproductive technology (ART). Infertility: Assisted Methods of Reproduction and Hormonal Assays provides an overview of ART methods and discusses recent trends in the field. Chapters cover an array of topics including diagnosis of infertility using hormonal assays, adverse outcomes of ART, oocyte donation, cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos and psychosocial care.

Download or read book Assisted Reproductive Technologies Quality and Safety written by Jan Gerris and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-12-18 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Worldwide, approximately 500,000 in vitro fertilization cycles are performed every year. Although the best possible result is a healthy child, the technology carries a number of varying risks and complications leading to a trade-off between the efficacy of these treatments and their quality and safety. Drawing on contributions from international experts with academic and clinical backgrounds, Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Quality and Safety presents an analysis of the medical risks and complications involved in reproductive medicine. Putting the intricacies of reproductive health in the spotlight, the book describes side-effects, risks, and complications related to ART treatments. It discusses ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, demonstrates the impact of judicious elective single embryo transfer, and focuses heavily on multiple pregnancy as the major risk factor of ART. The editors highlight the relatively less likely, but important risks of oncogenic complications, bleeding at the time of ovum retrieval, and the even smaller but still existing risk for maternal mortality. They include discussions of non-medical factors that can have a major impact on people's lives such as psychological, sexual, financial, moral, ethical, and philosophical dilemmas. In today's litigious climate, modern management of any clinic is all about minimizing risks and complications. Thoroughly addressing quality and safety issues in ART, this book provides succinct, up-to-date information on quality care in reproductive medicine.

Download or read book Assisted Reproductive Technology Success Rates written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assisted Reproductive Technology and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes written by Galit Levi Dunietz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pregnancy After Assisted Reproductive Technology written by Eric Jauniaux and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical, evidence-based guide to managing ART pregnancies, based on 30 years of clinical experience, including gynaecological, genetic and obstetric complications.

Download or read book Childlessness in Europe Contexts Causes and Consequences written by Michaela Kreyenfeld and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-11 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This open access book provides an overview of childlessness throughout Europe. It offers a collection of papers written by leading demographers and sociologists that examine contexts, causes, and consequences of childlessness in countries throughout the region.The book features data from all over Europe. It specifically highlights patterns of childlessness in Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Finland, Sweden, Austria and Switzerland. An additional chapter on childlessness in the United States puts the European experience in perspective. The book offers readers such insights as the determinants of lifelong childlessness, whether governments can and should counteract increasing childlessness, how the phenomenon differs across social strata and the role economic uncertainties play. In addition, the book also examines life course dynamics and biographical patterns, assisted reproduction as well as the consequences of childlessness. Childlessness has been increasing rapidly in most European countries in recent decades. This book offers readers expert analysis into this issue from leading experts in the field of family behavior. From causes to consequences, it explores the many facets of childlessness throughout Europe to present a comprehensive portrait of this important demographic and sociological trend.

Download or read book Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance United States 2006 written by Saswati Sunderam and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problem/Condition: Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) includes fertility treatments in which both eggs and sperm are handled in the laboratory (i.e., in vitro fertilization and related procedures).Patients who undergo ART procedures are more likely to deliver multiple-birth infants than women who conceive naturally. Multiple births are associated with increased risk for mothers and infants (e.g., pregnancy complications, premature delivery, low-birthweight infants, and long-term disability among infants). This report presents the most recent national data and state-specific results. Reporting Period Covered: 2006. Description of System: In 1996, CDC initiated data collection regarding ART procedures performed in the United States, as mandated by the Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act of 1992 (FCSRCA) (Public Law 102-493 [October 24, 1992]). Beginning with 2004, CDC has contracted with Westat, Inc., a statistical survey research organization, to obtain data from ART medical centers in the United States. Westat, Inc., maintains the National ART Surveillance System (NASS), CDC's web-based data collection system. Results: In 2006, a total of 138,198 ART procedures were reported to CDC. These procedures resulted in 41,343 live-birth deliveries, and 54,656 infants. ART procedures are categorized into four major procedure types: procedures that used embryos from freshly fertilized eggs (fresh embryos) from the patient's eggs (72%); procedures that used thawed embryos from the patient's eggs (16%); procedures that used fresh embryos from donor eggs (8%); and procedures that used thawed embryos from donor eggs (4%). Overall, 44% of ART transfer procedures resulted in a pregnancy, and 36% in a live-birth delivery (delivery of one or more live-born infants). Live-birth rates were generally higher among ART procedures that used fresh embryos from donor eggs (54%) than among other types. The highest numbers of ART procedures were performed among residents of California (18,886); New York (13,259); Illinois (9,594); New Jersey (9,237); and Massachusetts (8,305). All five states reported the highest number of live-birth deliveries as a result of ART. Of 54,656 infants born through ART, 48% were multiple-birth deliveries. The risk for a multiple-birth delivery was highest for women who underwent ART transfer procedures that used fresh embryos from either donor eggs (39%) or their own eggs (31%). Approximately 1% of U.S. infants born in 2006 were conceived through ART. Those infants accounted for 18% of multiple births nationwide. Approximately 9% of ART singletons, 57% of ART twins, and 96% of ART triplets or higher-order multiples were low birthweight. Similarly, 14% of ART singletons, 65% of ART twins, and 97% of ART triplets or higher-order multiples were born preterm. Interpretation: Whether an ART procedure resulted in a pregnancy and live-birth delivery varied, according to different patient and treatment factors. ART poses a major risk for multiple births associated with adverse maternal and infant outcomes (e.g., placenta previa, preterm delivery, cesarean delivery, low birthweight, and infant mortality). This risk varied according to the patient's age, the type of ART procedure performed, the number of embryos available for transfer to the uterus, the number transferred, and the day of transfer (day 3 or 5). Public Health Actions: ART-related multiple births represent a sizable proportion of all multiple births nationwide and in selected states. To minimize the adverse maternal and child health effects associated with multiple pregnancies, ongoing efforts to limit the number of embryos transferred in each ART procedure should be continued and strengthened. Adverse maternal and infant outcomes (e.g., low birthweight and preterm delivery) associated with ART treatment choices should be explained thoroughly when counseling patients considering ART.

Download or read book Contemporary Bioethics written by Mohammed Ali Al-Bar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-27 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the common principles of morality and ethics derived from divinely endowed intuitive reason through the creation of al-fitr' a (nature) and human intellect (al-‘aql). Biomedical topics are presented and ethical issues related to topics such as genetic testing, assisted reproduction and organ transplantation are discussed. Whereas these natural sources are God’s special gifts to human beings, God’s revelation as given to the prophets is the supernatural source of divine guidance through which human communities have been guided at all times through history. The second part of the book concentrates on the objectives of Islamic religious practice – the maqa' sid – which include: Preservation of Faith, Preservation of Life, Preservation of Mind (intellect and reason), Preservation of Progeny (al-nasl) and Preservation of Property. Lastly, the third part of the book discusses selected topical issues, including abortion, assisted reproduction devices, genetics, organ transplantation, brain death and end-of-life aspects. For each topic, the current medical evidence is followed by a detailed discussion of the ethical issues involved.

Download or read book Medically Assisted Reproduction and the Risk of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes written by Anick B√©rard and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 5 million children have been born through in vitro fertilization (IVF) across the world. IVF is only one of the many methods of assisted reproduction, which can be used to achieve pregnancy in the context of infertility or subfertility. Since the birth of the first IVF child, Louise Brown, in 1978, a number of researchers have started to study the various impacts of the conception through these methods, on both mothers and children. A growing body of evidence suggests that conception through medically assisted reproduction (MAR) is not without risk. Given that MAR is relatively new and that our look back period is short, there is limited evidence on the risks associated to these procedures, both for the mother and the child. In this chapter, we aim to explore the association between MARs and adverse perinatal outcomes specifically. We will first provide you with an overview of the prevalence and trends of use of these methods around the world, and then delve into the associations between MARs and the risk of perinatal outcomes, namely prematurity, being born with low birth weight and/or small for gestational age, and lastly the impact of MARs on cognitive functions including cerebral palsy, behavioral problems, and autism, which are identified later in the child,Äôs life.

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 2 written by Robert Black and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.

Download or read book Ultrasonography in Reproductive Medicine and Infertility written by Botros R. M. B. Rizk and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-25 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowhere has the impact of ultrasonography been more dramatic than in reproductive medicine, particularly in the diagnosis of female and male infertility, the management of assisted reproductive procedures and the monitoring of early pregnancy. This authoritative textbook encompasses the complete role of ultrasonography in the evaluation of infertility and assisted reproduction. Covering every indication for ultrasonography in assisted reproductive technology, this will prove an invaluable resource in the evaluation of the infertile patient and optimization of the outcome of treatment. The interpretation of images to improve fertility and reproductive success is emphasized throughout. Ultrasonography in Reproductive Medicine and Infertility is essential reading for clinicians working both in IVF clinics and in office practice. It will be particularly useful to gynecologists, infertility specialists, ultrasonographers and radiologists working in reproductive endocrinology and infertility, assisted reproductive technology, ultrasonography and radiology.

Download or read book The New Eugenics written by Judith Daar and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-21 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A provocative examination of how unequal access to reproductive technology replays the sins of the eugenics movement Eugenics, the effort to improve the human species by inhibiting reproduction of “inferior” genetic strains, ultimately came to be regarded as the great shame of the Progressive movement. Judith Daar, a prominent expert on the intersection of law and medicine, argues that current attitudes toward the potential users of modern assisted reproductive technologies threaten to replicate eugenics’ same discriminatory practices. In this book, Daar asserts how barriers that block certain people’s access to reproductive technologies are often founded on biases rooted in notions of class, race, and marital status. As a result, poor, minority, unmarried, disabled, and LGBT individuals are denied technologies available to well-off nonminority heterosexual applicants. An original argument on a highly emotional and important issue, this work offers a surprising departure from more familiar arguments on the issue as it warns physicians, government agencies, and the general public against repeating the mistakes of the past.

Download or read book Vibrant and Healthy Kids written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are the foundation of the United States, and supporting them is a key component of building a successful future. However, millions of children face health inequities that compromise their development, well-being, and long-term outcomes, despite substantial scientific evidence about how those adversities contribute to poor health. Advancements in neurobiological and socio-behavioral science show that critical biological systems develop in the prenatal through early childhood periods, and neurobiological development is extremely responsive to environmental influences during these stages. Consequently, social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors significantly affect a child's health ecosystem and ability to thrive throughout adulthood. Vibrant and Healthy Kids: Aligning Science, Practice, and Policy to Advance Health Equity builds upon and updates research from Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity (2017) and From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development (2000). This report provides a brief overview of stressors that affect childhood development and health, a framework for applying current brain and development science to the real world, a roadmap for implementing tailored interventions, and recommendations about improving systems to better align with our understanding of the significant impact of health equity.