Download or read book Assessments of Plant and Microbial Interactions of Escherichia Coli O157 H7 and Salmonella on Romaine Lettuce and Development of Molecular Tools for Detection and Source Matching of Pathogenic and Commensal Escherichia Coli Applied to Regional Investigations Relevant to Sources of Lettuce Outbreaks written by Wendy Anne Maduff and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Animal Waste Water Quality and Human Health written by A. Dufour and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10-14 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Domestic animals contaminate recreational waters and drinking-water sources with excreta and pathogens; but this threat to public health is inadequately understood and is insufficiently addressed in regulations. More than 85% of the world’s faecal wastes is from domestic animals such as poultry, cattle, sheep and pigs. These animals harbor zoonotic pathogens that are transported in the environment by water, especially runoff. However little information exists on health effects associated with exposure to this potential hazard to human health; and water standards focused on control of human fecal contamination do reflect the contribution of non-human fecal contamination to risk. Does compliance with current monitoring practices using microbial indicators provide protection against animal and bird sources of fecal contamination? Prepared with contributions from a group of international experts, Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health considers microbial contamination from domestic animal and bird sources and explores the health hazards associated with this microbial contamination and approaches to protecting public health. Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health will be of interest to regulators with responsibility for recreational waters, drinking water quality and water reuse; policymakers working in water quality, public health and agriculture; decision makers responsible for livestock management; and scientists and practitioners concerned with many affected subjects. Topics covered include: Credible waterborne zoonotic pathogens are discussed and ranked according to their potential hazard level. Each pathogen is described with regard to their sources, reservoirs, and infectivity. Faecal production rates of various domestic animals are discussed, alongside pathogen transmission in animal populations, pathogen prevalence in animals and “supershedders”. Transport of fecal indicator organisms and their episodic occurrence in catchments. Interventions for improving food safety and reducing production losses. The impact of interventions, e.g. enhanced attenuation and storage to prevent spills; benchmarking against best management practices to reduce diffuse source contamination. Models to inform design of farm-scale best management practices and the effectiveness of best management practices for attenuating pathogen transport within catchments. The complex nature of human exposure to zoonotic waterborne pathogens; including the relationships among livestock waste contamination, water impairment, zoonotic pathogens, and human infection and illness. Human exposure interventions include case studies that discuss eradicating disease in discharging populations, adding filtration to minimal treated water to reduce Cryptosporidium occurrence and UV disinfection of beach waters to reduce beach postings. Indicators, sanitary surveys and source attribution techniques; risk assessment of exposure to zoonotic pathogens, including an interactive risk comparison approach. A review of epidemiological studies that address the relationship between swimmer illness and exposure to waters contaminated by nonhuman fecal wastes. Economic evaluation of the costs and benefits associated with animal waste management and human health.

Download or read book Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-09-10 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization of the food supply has created conditions favorable for the emergence, reemergence, and spread of food-borne pathogens-compounding the challenge of anticipating, detecting, and effectively responding to food-borne threats to health. In the United States, food-borne agents affect 1 out of 6 individuals and cause approximately 48 million illnesses, 128,000 hospitalizations, and 3,000 deaths each year. This figure likely represents just the tip of the iceberg, because it fails to account for the broad array of food-borne illnesses or for their wide-ranging repercussions for consumers, government, and the food industry-both domestically and internationally. A One Health approach to food safety may hold the promise of harnessing and integrating the expertise and resources from across the spectrum of multiple health domains including the human and veterinary medical and plant pathology communities with those of the wildlife and aquatic health and ecology communities. The IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop on December 13 and 14, 2011 that examined issues critical to the protection of the nation's food supply. The workshop explored existing knowledge and unanswered questions on the nature and extent of food-borne threats to health. Participants discussed the globalization of the U.S. food supply and the burden of illness associated with foodborne threats to health; considered the spectrum of food-borne threats as well as illustrative case studies; reviewed existing research, policies, and practices to prevent and mitigate foodborne threats; and, identified opportunities to reduce future threats to the nation's food supply through the use of a "One Health" approach to food safety. Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach: Workshop Summary covers the events of the workshop and explains the recommendations for future related workshops.

Download or read book Pediatric Kidney Disease written by Denis F. Geary and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-16 with total page 1968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this valuable clinical resource offers a state of the art, comprehensive review on every clinical condition encountered in pediatric nephrology. International experts present the latest knowledge on epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis in one concise, clinically focused text, in which care has been taken to couple just the right amount of "need-to-know" basic science with practical clinical guidance that will enable the reader to make efficient, informed decisions. The topics covered include: disorders of renal development, glomerular disorders, the kidney and systemic disease, renal tubular disorders, tubulointerstitial disease, urinary tract disorders, acute kidney injury, hypertension, chronic and end-stage renal disease, and renal replacement therapy. The full-color, highly visual, meticulously crafted format will ensure that the practitioner is able to source and apply information with remarkable ease.

Download or read book Postharvest Handling written by Nigel H. Banks and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-02-21 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consideration of the interactions between decisions made at one point in the supply chain and its effects on the subsequent stages is the core concept of a systems approach. Postharvest Handling is unique in its application of this systems approach to the handling of fruits and vegetables, exploring multiple aspects of this important process through chapters written by experts from a variety of backgrounds.Newly updated and revised, this second edition includes coverage of the logistics of fresh produce from multiple perspectives, postharvest handing under varying weather conditions, quality control, changes in consumer eating habits and other factors key to successful postharvest handling.The ideal book for understanding the economic as well as physical impacts of postharvest handling decisions.Key Features:*Features contributions from leading experts providing a variety of perspectives*Updated with 12 new chapters*Focuses on application-based information for practical implementation*System approach is unique in the handling of fruits and vegetables

Download or read book Antimicrobial Resistance and Food Safety written by Chin-Yi Chen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-04-15 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antimicrobial Resistance and Food Safety: Methods and Techniques introduces antimicrobial resistant food-borne pathogens, their surveillance and epidemiology, emerging resistance and resistant pathogens. This analysis is followed by a systematic presentation of currently applied methodology and technology, including advanced technologies for detection, intervention, and information technologies. This reference can be used as a practical guide for scientists, food engineers, and regulatory personnel as well as students in food safety, food microbiology, or food science. - Includes analysis of all major pathogens of concern - Provides many case studies and examples of fundamental research findings - Presents recent advances in methodologies and analytical software - Demonstrates risk assessment using information technologies in foodborne pathogens

Download or read book Dietary Phytochemicals and Microbes written by Amlan K. Patra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-21 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans have utilized the bioactive principles of different plants for various beneficial physiological properties including antimicrobial properties for many centuries. However, interests of using medicinal plants declined in the 20th century with the availability of effective synthetic antimicrobial drugs. The development of microbial resistance to various drugs has accelerated research interests towards the use of phytochemicals as alternatives to synthetic drugs in the recent years. This book presents an comprehensive reviews on the antimicrobial and antiviral properties of numerous recently reported phytochemicals, and their mechanisms of antimicrobial actions. Some of the chapters have critically discussed the beneficial and adverse effects of antibacterial, and stimulatory activities of dietary phytochemicals on rumen microbial populations, and gut microbial populations of humans and animals. Microbial adaptation and resistance of microbes to phytochemicals has also been highlighted. On the applied apects, the use of phytochemicals against drug resistance microbes, to treat microbial diseases, for food preservation, to inhibit methanogenic archaea in the rumen, and to modulate lipid biohydrogenating microbial populations to increase conjugated linoleic acids in animal-derived foods have been presented in different chapters.

Download or read book Plant Diseases and Food Security in the 21st Century written by Peter Scott and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-22 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the global population of more than 7 billion people, some 800 million do not have enough to eat today. By 2050, the population is expected to exceed 9 billion. It has been estimated that some 15% of food production is lost to plant diseases; in developing countries losses may be much higher. Historically, plant diseases have had catastrophic impact on food production. For example: potato blight caused the Irish famine in 1845; brown spot of rice caused the Great Bengal Famine of 1943; southern corn leaf blight caused a devastating epidemic on the US corn crop in 1970. Food security is threatened by an ongoing sequence of plant diseases, some persistent for decades or centuries, others more opportunistic. Wheat blast and banana xanthomonas wilt are two contrasting examples of many that currently threaten food production. Other emerging diseases will follow. The proposed title aims to provide a synthesis of expert knowledge to address this central challenge to food security for the 21st century. Chapters [5] and [11] are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Download or read book Quantitative Methods for Food Safety and Quality in the Vegetable Industry written by Fernando Pérez-Rodríguez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the food safety challenges in the vegetable industry from primary production to consumption. It describes existing and innovative quantitative methods that could be applied to the vegetable industry for food safety and quality, and suggests ways in which such methods can be applied for risk assessment. Examples of application of food safety objectives and other risk metrics for microbial risk management in the vegetable industry are presented. The work also introduces readers to new preservation and packaging methods, advanced oxidative processes (AOPs) for disinfection, product shelf-life determination methods, and rapid analytic methods for quality assessment based on chemometrics applications, thus providing a quantitative basis for the most important aspects concerning safety and quality in the vegetable sector.

Download or read book Microbial Food Contamination written by Charles L. Wilson Ph.D. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-10-08 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Divided into five parts, Microbial Food Contamination, Second Edition looks at emerging foodborne human pathogens andcomprehensively evaluates the microbiology, biochemistry, detection, risk, and threat of foodborne illness in today's global market. The first section introduces new insights into the pathogenic effect of E. coli, viral

Download or read book Microbial Food Safety written by Omar A. Oyarzabal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-03 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, some of the most qualified scientists review different food safety topics, ranging from emerging and reemerging foodborne pathogens, food regulations in the USA, food risk analysis and the most important foodborne pathogens based on food commodities. This book provides the reader with the necessary knowledge to understand some of the complexities of food safety. However, anybody with basic knowledge in microbiology will find in this book additional information related to a variety of food safety topics.

Download or read book Food Safety Behavior written by Frank Yiannas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-28 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book helps in Achieving food safety success which requires going beyond traditional training, testing, and inspectional approaches to managing risks. It requires a better understanding of the human dimensions of food safety. In the field of food safety today, much is documented about specific microbes, time/temperature processes, post-process contamination, and HACCP–things often called the hard sciences. There is not much published or discussed related to human behavior–often referred to as the “soft stuff.” However, looking at foodborne disease trends over the past few decades and published regulatory out-of-compliance rates of food safety risk factors, it’s clear that the soft stuff is still the hard stuff. Despite the fact that thousands of employees have been trained in food safety around the world, millions have been spent globally on food safety research, and countless inspections and tests have been performed at home and abroad, food safety remains a significant public health challenge. Why is that? Because to improve food safety, we must realize that it’s more than just food science; it’s the behavioral sciences, too. In fact, simply put, food safety equals behavior. This is the fundamental principle of this book. If you are trying to improve the food safety performance of a retail or food service establishment, an organization with thousands of employees, or a local community, what you are really trying to do is change people’s behavior. The ability to influence human behavior is well documented in the behavioral and social sciences. However, significant contributions to the scientific literature in the field of food safety are noticeably absent. This book will help advance the science by being the first significant collection of 50 proven behavioral science techniques, and be the first to show how these techniques can be applied to enhance employee compliance with desired food safety behaviors and make food safety the social norm in any organization.

Download or read book Pokeweed Phytolacca Americana written by Arnold Krochmal and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: S2Pokeweed, a plant abundant in Appalachia, exhibits some chemical similarities to a related species that has shown molluscicidal properties. Because this suggests that pokeweed, Phytolacca americana L. (P. decandra L.), has potential for controlling fresh-water snails, we have compiled this report of its chemical composition, uses, propagation methods, and other potentially useful species of the genus Phytolacca. The related species, Phytolacca dodencandra L'Her, was found to be the source of a molluscicide, which could pIay an important role in control of bilharziasis, a parasitic disease of humans widespread in Puerto Rico, Africa, and other tropical areas (22). Dead snails and small fish were observed in waterways in areas of Ethiopia where people washed their clothes with this Phytolacca's fruit, which is rich in saponins. Some distance downstream and immediately upstream from the washing places, abundant live snails were present, suggesting that the fruit contained a toxin acting as a molluscicide. This was subsequently confirmed by laboratory tests; tap-water extracts of the dried and powdered fruit had an LC100 (lethal concentration) of 10 parts per million against snails (Biomphalaria, Bulinus: and Lymnea spp.) after 24-hour exposure at 23OC. Furthermore, it was shown that molluscicidal potency was not affected by the presence of soil or vegetable matter, an important factor when the molluscicide is used under natural conditions. S3.

Download or read book Microbial Contamination and Food Degradation written by Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-11-03 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Contamination and Food Degradation, Volume 10 in the Handbook of Food Bioengineering series, provides an understanding of the most common microbial agents involved in food contamination and spoilage, and highlights the main detection techniques to help pinpoint the cause of contamination. Microorganisms may cause health-threatening conditions directly by being ingested together with contaminated food, or indirectly by producing harmful toxins and factors that can cause food borne illness. This resource discusses the potential sources of contamination, the latest advances in contamination research and strategies to prevent contamination using key methods of analysis and evaluation. - Presents modern alternatives for avoiding microbial spoilage and food degradation using preventative and intervention technologies - Provides key methods for addressing microbial contamination and preventing food borne illness through research and risk assessment analysis - Includes detailed information on bacterial contamination problems in different environmental environments and the methodologies to help solve those problems

Download or read book Emerging foodborne pathogens written by Yasmine Motarjemi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-06-09 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments such as the increasing globalization of the food industry, constant innovations in technologies and products, and changes in the susceptibility of populations to disease have all highlighted the problem of emerging pathogens, either newly discovered through more sensitive analytical methods, linked for the first time to disease in humans, or newly associated with a particular food. Designed for microbiologists and quality assurance professionals and for government and academic food safety scientists, this timely reference discusses ways of identifying emerging pathogens and includes chapters on individual pathogens, their epidemiology, methods of detection, and means of control.

Download or read book Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria of Animal Origin written by Frank M. Aarestrup and published by Amer Society for Microbiology. This book was released on 2006-01 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria of Animal Origin comprehensively examines the current research on antimicrobial resistance in the main veterinary and zoonotic pathogens, including resistance to disinfectants and metals used in agriculture.

Download or read book Safety of Meat and Processed Meat written by Fidel Toldrá and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety of Meat and Processed Meat provides the reader with the recent developments in the safety of meat and processed meat, from the abattoir along the processing chain to the final product. To achieve this goal, the editor uses five approaches. The first part deals with the main biological contaminants like pathogen microorganisms, specially E. coli and L. monocytogenes, toxins and biogenic amines that can be present either in meat or its derived products. The second part focuses on main technologies for meat decontamination as well as developments like active packaging or bioprotective cultures to extend the shelf life. The third part presents non-biological contaminants and residues in meat and meat products including nitrosamines, PAH, veterinary drugs and environmental compounds. The fourth part discusses current methodologies for the detection of microorganisms, its toxins, veterinary drugs, environmental contaminants and GMOs, and the final part deals with predictive models, risk assessment, regulations on meat safety, consumer perception, and other recent trends in the field. This book is written by distinguished international contributors with excellent experience and reputation. In addition, brings together advances in different safety approaches.