Download or read book Assessment of Weld Overlays for Mitigating Primary Water Stress Corrosion Cracking at Nickel Alloy Butt Welds in Piping Systems Approved for Leak before break written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of the Mechanical Stress Improvement Process for Mitigating Primary Water Stress Corrosion Cracking in Nickel Alloy Butt Welds in Piping Systems Approved for Leak before break written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference 2005 Materials and fabrication written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 998 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Corrosion Resistant Weld Overlays for Pipelines Oil and Gas and Petrochemical Installations written by Timothy Olegovich Babyak and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nickel-base alloy corrosion resistant weld overlays (WOLs) are used in the oil and gas and petrochemical industry to protect against pipeline failure due to corrosion while also reducing costs. Currently, for some industry specific applications, these WOLs are produced using hot wire gas tungsten arc welding (HW-GTAW), a high heat input process. Per specifications such as API 5LD and DNV-OS-F101, additional iron content in the weld metal of nickel-base WOLs must be sufficiently reduced to ensure adequate corrosion resistance of the WOL. The amount of additional iron in the weld metal is a result of dilution of the clad layer by the substrate. High heat input processes such as HW-GTAW tend to produce welds with higher dilution, and as a result, up to three layers of weld metal are needed to sufficiently reduce iron content in the weld metal. Previous projects at OSU, addressing corrosion resistant WOLs in the nuclear industry, have demonstrated that low heat input gas metal arc welding (GMAW) processes, such as cold metal transfer (CMT), can produce WOLs with lower dilution, higher deposition rates, and greater corrosion resistance than similar overlays produced with HW-GTAW. However, concerns of lack of fusion and lack of penetration defects along with insufficient process optimization have hindered the widespread application of low heat input GMAW for WOLs. This study aimed to investigate the viability of CMT for production of WOLs for the oil and gas and petrochemical industry. Bead-on-plate welds of three nickel-base alloys (alloy 625, alloy 686, and alloy 825) were produced with CMT on low alloy steel X65 using a design of experiments approach. Bead geometry, heat input, deposition rate, and the presence of lack of penetration defects from each sample were measured and categorized to identify parameter sets that produced welds adhering to certain criteria such as low dilution, moderate toe angles, and lack of defects. Deposition rates for CMT were around 3.5 times higher than HW-GTAW. Analysis of CMT sample microstructure revealed smaller planar growth regions, less swirls as well as smaller swirls, and smaller secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) as compared with HW-GTAW. These characteristics respectively contribute to a lower potential for solidification cracking, a lower potential for hydrogen assisted cracking (HAC), and increased corrosion resistance. Microhardness maps revealed CMT produced samples with lower heat affected zone (HAZ) hardness values along with higher weld metal (WM) hardness values. Higher WM hardness increases erosion resistance and lower HAZ hardness decreases the need for PWHT. Thermodynamic simulations between each of the filler metals and the base metal revealed CMT samples were less susceptible to solidification and liquation cracking due to the widest solidification ranges occurring in planar growth regions. Overlays of all three filler metals were constructed using both processes. Specimens extracted from the CMT overlays passed ASME Section IX bend tests. The bend tests were validated using digital image correlation (DIC) as lack of strain concentration along fusion boundaries indicated proper fusion had occurred. EDS traverses across fusion boundaries showed a transition from base metal to minimally diluted filler metal within tens of micrometers for CMT as compared with millimeters for HW-GTAW. Compositional comparisons from EDS traverses parallel to fusion boundaries and top surfaces showed nearly identical compositions for CMT at both locations but not for HW-GTAW. Corrosion testing following ASTM G48 found critical pitting temperatures (CPT) of 60°C, 85°C, and 20°C, respectively, for alloy 625, 686, and 825 single-layer overlay samples created using CMT. Double-layer HW-GTAW samples tested at the same temperatures, as their CMT counterpart, had deeper maximum pitting as well as greater overall weight loss. Through comparative analyses, CMT was determined a superior WOL production process to HW-GTAW as CMT increases structural integrity and decreases cost with its ability to produce defect-free, corrosion-, erosion-, and cracking-resistant WOLs at higher deposition rates and with less filler material.
Download or read book Investigation and Evaluation of Stress corrosion Cracking in Piping of Light Water Reactor Plants written by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stress Corrosion Cracking in Light Water Reactors written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides general descriptions of degradation mechanisms of different types of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) which are concerned with systems, structures and components in PWRs and BWRs. This publication includes examples of good practices in preventing, mitigating and repairing SCC damage and summarizes research and development programmes.
Download or read book NRC Regulatory Guides written by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compilation of currently available electronic versions of NRC regulatory guides.
Download or read book Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds III written by John Lippold and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-03 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the third in a series of compendiums devoted to the subject of weld hot cracking. It contains 22 papers presented at the 3rd International Hot Cracking Workshop in Columbus, Ohio USA in March 2010. In the context of this workshop, the term “hot cracking” refers to elevated temperature cracking associated with either the weld metal or heat-affected zone. These hot cracking phenomena include weld solidification cracking, HAZ and weld metal liquation cracking, and ductility-dip cracking. The book is divided into three major sections based on material type; specifically aluminum alloys, steels, and nickel-base alloys. Each of these sections begins with a keynote paper from prominent researchers in the field: Dr. Sindo Kou from the University of Wisconsin, Dr. Thomas Böllinghaus from BAM and the University of Magdeburg, and Dr. John DuPont from Lehigh University. The papers contained within include the latest insight into the mechanisms associated with hot cracking in these materials and methods to prevent cracking through material selection, process modification, or other means. The three Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds compendiums combined contain a total of 64 papers and represent the best collection of papers on the topic of hot cracking ever assembled.
Download or read book Nuclear Energy Basic Principles written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the rationale and vision for the peaceful use of nuclear energy. The publication identifies the basic principles that nuclear energy systems must satisfy to fulfil their promise of meeting growing global energy demands.
Download or read book Piping and Pipelines Assessment Guide written by Keith Escoe and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-04-10 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether it's called "fixed equipment (at ExxonMobil), "stationary equipment (at Shell), or "static equipment (in Europe), this type of equipment is the bread and butter of any process plant. Used in the petrochemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, food processing industry, paper industry, and the manufacturing process industries, stationary equipment must be kept operational and reliable for companies to maintain production and for employees to be safe from accidents. This series, the most comprehensive of its kind, uses real-life examples and time-tested rules of thumb to guide the mechanical engineer through issues of reliability and fitness-for-service. This volume on piping and pipeline assessment is the only handbook that the mechanical or pipeline engineer needs to assess pipes and pipelines for reliability and fitness-for-service.* Provides essential insight to make informed decisions on when to run, alter, repair, monitor, or replace equipment* How to perform these type of assessments and calculations on pipelines is a 'hot' issue in the petrochemical industry at this time* There is very little information on the market right now for pipers and pipeliners with regard to pipe and pipeline fitness-for-service
Download or read book Corrosion of Weldments written by Joseph R. Davis and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion failures of industrial components are commonly associated with welding. The reasons are many and varied. For example, welding may reduce the resistance to corrosion and environmentally assisted cracking by altering composition and microstructure, modifying mechanical properties, introducing residual stress, and creating physical defects. This book details the many forms of weld corrosion and the methods used to minimize weld corrosion. Chapters on specific alloys groups--carbon and alloy steels, stainless steels, high-nickel alloys, and nonferrous alloys--describe both general welding characteristics and the metallurgical factors that influence corrosion behavior. Corrosion problems associated with dissimilar metal weldments are also examined. Case histories document corrosion problems unique to specific industries including oil and gas, chemical processing, pulp and paper, and electric power. Special challenges caused by high-temperature environments are discussed. Commonly used methods to monitor weld corrosion and test methods for evaluation of intergranular, pitting, crevice, stress-corrosion cracking, and other forms of corrosion are also reviewed.
Download or read book Handbook of Corrosion Engineering written by Pierre Roberge and published by McGraw-Hill Prof Med/Tech. This book was released on 1999-09-30 with total page 1154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reduce the enormous economic and environmental impact of corrosion Emphasizing quantitative techniques, this guide provides you with: *Theory essential for understanding aqueous, atmospheric, and high temperature corrosion processes Corrosion resistance data for various materials Management techniques for dealing with corrosion control, including life prediction and cost analysis, information systems, and knowledge re-use Techniques for the detection, analysis, and prevention of corrosion damage, including protective coatings and cathodic protection More
Download or read book Corrosion Failures written by K. Elayaperumal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-27 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides corrosion basics in a lucid manner to students and working professionals and over 80 corrosion-failure analysis case studies Correlates Failure Analysis with Corrosion Science Exclusively provides corrosion-related failure analysis case histories in one place in a convenient format One-stop shop for both science and real time occurrence of the phenomenon of corrosion Full coverage of all MOC, Materials of Construction, used for process equipments Simple but Lucid presentation of Failure Analysis procedure
Download or read book Applied Metallurgy and Corrosion Control written by Amiya Kumar Lahiri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-23 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a comprehensive resource on metals and materials selection for the petrochemical industrial sector. The petrochemical industry involves large scale investments, and to maintain profitability the plants are to be operated with minimum downtime and failure of equipment, which can also cause safety hazards. To achieve this objective proper selection of materials, corrosion control, and good engineering practices must be followed in both the design and the operation of plants. Engineers and professional of different disciplines involved in these activities are required to have some basic understanding of metallurgy and corrosion. This book is written with the objective of servings as a one-stop shop for these engineering professionals. The book first covers different metallic materials and their properties, metal forming processes, welding, and corrosion and corrosion control measures. This is followed by considerations in material selection and corrosion control in three major industrial sectors, oil & gas production, oil refinery, and fertilizers. The importance of pressure vessel codes as well as inspection and maintenance repair practices have also been highlighted. The book will be useful for technicians and entry level engineers in these industrial sectors. Additionally, the book may also be used as primary or secondary reading for graduate and professional coursework.
Download or read book Corrosion in the Petrochemical Industry written by Linda Garverick and published by ASM International. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive collection of peer-reviewed data and information on corrosion in the petroleum, petrochemical, and chemical processing industries from a number of ASM International publications. The principal sources are Corrosion, Volume 13, and Failure Analysis and Prevention, Volume 11 of ASM H
Download or read book Design and Installation of Marine Pipelines written by Mikael Braestrup and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-02-12 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive handbook on submarine pipeline systems covers a broad spectrum of topics from planning and site investigations, procurement and design, to installation and commissioning. It considers guidelines for the choice of design parameters, calculation methods and construction procedures. It is based on limit state design with partial safety coefficients.
Download or read book Handbook of Engineering Practice of Materials and Corrosion written by Jung-Chul (Thomas) Eun and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-04 with total page 885 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an in-depth guide to the practical aspects of materials and corrosion engineering in the energy and chemical industries. The book covers materials, corrosion, welding, heat treatment, coating, test and inspection, and mechanical design and integrity. A central focus is placed on industrial requirements, including codes, standards, regulations, and specifications that practicing material and corrosion engineers and technicians face in all roles and in all areas of responsibility. The comprehensive resource provides expert guidance on general corrosion mechanisms and recommends materials for the control and prevention of corrosion damage, and offers readers industry-tested best practices, rationales, and case studies.
