Download or read book Assessment of Trace Gas Observations from the Toronto Atmospheric Observatory written by Jeffrey Ryan Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A high-resolution infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) has been operational at the Toronto Atmospheric Observatory (TAO) since May 2002. An optimal estimation retrieval technique is used to analyse the observed spectra and provide regular total and partial column measurements of trace gases in the troposphere and stratosphere as part of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change. The quality of these results were assessed through two ground-based validation campaigns, comparisons with three satellite instruments, and comparison with a three-dimensional chemical transport model.The two ground-based campaigns involved two lower-resolution FTS instruments: the University of Toronto FTS and the Portable Atmospheric Research Interferometric Spectrometer for the Infrared. The first campaign took place over the course of four months and is the longest side-by-side intercomparison of ground-based FTS instruments, to date. The second campaign was more focused and involved all three instruments measuring over a two-week period. Simultaneous measurements of O3, HCl, N2O, and CH4 were recorded and average total column differences were all

Download or read book First Trace Gas Measurements Using Fourier Transform Infrared Solar Absorption Spectroscopy at the University of Toronto Atmospheric Observatory written by Aldona Wiacek and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic study showed that the effect of several different layering schemes (implicit retrieval constraints) on the retrieved vertical profile is less than 5% for N2O and HF, and less than 2% for NO, NO 2, CH4 and HCl; however, retrieved profiles of H2O showed differences up to 13% when the layering scheme was varied. A maximum tropospheric layer thickness of 0.8 km is inferred for accurate H2O retrievals. A new high-resolution (0.004 cm-1) research-grade Fourier transform spectrometer was installed at the University of Toronto Atmospheric Observatory (TAO), and commissioned in October 2001. TAO fills a coverage gap in North America in the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC), and was accepted as a Complementary Station in March 2004 as a direct result of work presented in this thesis. Finally, the usefulness of Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) observations for studying different regions of the atmosphere was demonstrated by (1) documenting a limited sensitivity of ground-based measurements to mesospheric-lower thermospheric concentrations of NO, (2) correlating anomalously high stratospheric HCl, HF and O3 concentrations derived at TAO with the passage of a polar air filament above Toronto, and (3) showing very good agreement between monthly mean abundances of tropospheric CO between January 2002--September 2003 and spatially coincident MOPITT satellite measurements. Trace gas concentrations are derived using an existing Optimal Estimation Method (OEM) retrieval algorithm implemented at TAO as part of this work. A set of prior constraints necessary for retrievals of vertical profiles of trace gases using the OEM approach was optimized, and includes a priori volume mixing ratio profiles suited to TAO's location, and the prior and measurement noise covariances. A three-year time series of O3, NO. NO2, HCl, HF, N2O and CH4 (exhibiting the known seasonal cycles) was submitted to the NDACC database for long-terra monitoring, trend detection, and satellite validation purposes. A quantitative retrieval characterization was performed whereby the averaging kernels, weighting functions, measurement, smoothing and temperature error covariances of the retrievals of these seven gases were calculated. The degrees of freedom for signal ranged from 1.10 for NO2 to 4.12 for N2O.

Download or read book Improvements to Our Understanding of Toronto area Atmospheric Composition written by Cynthia Whaley and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Observation of Trace Gases from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment written by Nicholas David Causier Allen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Approaches to Scaling of Trace Gas Fluxes in Ecosystems written by A. F. Bouwman and published by Elsevier Science Limited. This book was released on 1999 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book should appeal to students and scientists working in the field of atmospheric chemistry, micrometeorology, soil science, ecology, physical geography, marine and freshwater sciences, monitoring of land use and vegetation, database development, remote sensing, and all those studying the changing physical and chemical climate of the Earth.

Download or read book Data Reduction Analysis and Application Technique Development for Atmospheric Trace Gas Constituents Derived from Remote Sensors on Satellite and Airborne Platforms written by Joseph C. Casas and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Data Reduction Analysis and Application Technique Development for Atmospheric Trace Gas Constituents Derived from Remote Sensors on Satellite Or Airbourne Platforms written by Earl C. Kindle and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analysis of the Potential of Tropospheric Trace Gas Observations from Satellites for the Validation of Tropospheric Models written by Michael Gerardus Maria Roemer and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Humidity Measurement Volume 1 written by Ghenadii Korotcenkov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first volume of The Handbook of Humidity Measurement focuses on the review of devices based on optical principles of measurement such as optical UV, fluorescence hygrometers, optical and fiber-optic sensors of various types. Numerous methods for monitoring the atmosphere have been developed in recent years, based on measuring the absorption of electromagnetic field in different spectral ranges. These methods, covering the optical (FTIR and Lidar techniques), as well as a microwave and THz ranges are discussed in detail in this volume. The role of humidity-sensitive materials in optical and fiber-optic sensors is also detailed. This volume describes the reasons for controlling the humidity, features of water and water vapors, and units used for humidity measurement.

Download or read book The Future of Atmospheric Chemistry Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-01-29 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our world is changing at an accelerating rate. The global human population has grown from 6.1 billion to 7.1 billion in the last 15 years and is projected to reach 11.2 billion by the end of the century. The distribution of humans across the globe has also shifted, with more than 50 percent of the global population now living in urban areas, compared to 29 percent in 1950. Along with these trends, increasing energy demands, expanding industrial activities, and intensification of agricultural activities worldwide have in turn led to changes in emissions that have altered the composition of the atmosphere. These changes have led to major challenges for society, including deleterious impacts on climate, human and ecosystem health. Climate change is one of the greatest environmental challenges facing society today. Air pollution is a major threat to human health, as one out of eight deaths globally is caused by air pollution. And, future food production and global food security are vulnerable to both global change and air pollution. Atmospheric chemistry research is a key part of understanding and responding to these challenges. The Future of Atmospheric Chemistry Research: Remembering Yesterday, Understanding Today, Anticipating Tomorrow summarizes the rationale and need for supporting a comprehensive U.S. research program in atmospheric chemistry; comments on the broad trends in laboratory, field, satellite, and modeling studies of atmospheric chemistry; determines the priority areas of research for advancing the basic science of atmospheric chemistry; and identifies the highest priority needs for improvements in the research infrastructure to address those priority research topics. This report describes the scientific advances over the past decade in six core areas of atmospheric chemistry: emissions, chemical transformation, oxidants, atmospheric dynamics and circulation, aerosol particles and clouds, and biogeochemical cycles and deposition. This material was developed for the NSF's Atmospheric Chemistry Program; however, the findings will be of interest to other agencies and programs that support atmospheric chemistry research.

Download or read book Trace Gas Emissions and Plants written by S. N. Singh and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Trace Gas Observations Over Rural Virginia written by Kristen Anne Hallock-Waters and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Updated Guidelines for Atmospheric Trace Gas Data Management written by Ken Masarie and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Trace Gas Emission Data Bases for Atmospheric Chemistry Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global data bases of trace gas emissions to the atmosphere have been compiled for the use in atmospheric chemistry studies. The resolution provided is a 1° latitude by 1° longitude. A series of 3 data bases has been provided. The first is an inventory of emissions of NO(subscript x) from fossil fuel combustion, while the second is an inventory of SO2 emissions from the same anthropogenic source. The third database includes a global inventory of the emissions of NO(subscript x) from terrestrial biomass burning and is given seasonally for the globe. The units of emission for the inventories are given as the mass in metric tons of N for the NO(subscript x) inventories and metric tons of S for the SO2 inventory for each 1° x 1° grid. The emissions are expected to represent the emissions for the year 1980. The biomass burning source is given for 2 seasons where XXXXjul represents an ascii file containing the cumulated emissions for the months from April to September, and XXXXjan represents October to March. The grid for these data bases, (i, j) arrays, is (360,180), which represents 1 degree (lon, lat) resolution. The Table shows a description of each data base and provides FORTRAN code, documentation, and data format for reading each array. Complete description of the emission inventory data bases can be obtained in the references listed. 5 refs., 1 fig. 1 tab.

Download or read book Analysis of the Atmospheric Influence of Trace Gas Emissions from Biomass Fires Using New Technology written by Robert J. Yokelson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Observations of Trace Gases from Ground based and Satellite Instruments Retrieval Development and Analysis of Vertical and Horizontal Distributions written by Lisa Katharina Behrens and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: