Download or read book Assessment of Coral Reef Resilience Patterns in Response to Local Stressors and Climate Change at Gorgona Island Colombia written by Ana Lucia Castrillón-Cifuentes and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scleractinian corals are steno-tolerant due to their preference for warm, clear, shallow, and fully saline waters. However, it can also exist outside this range, inhabiting extreme ambient conditions. It has been proposed that at extreme environments, corals can adapt to climate change. The Eastern Tropical Pacific region is recognized as an extreme environment for coral reef development. The largest coral reefs in the Colombian Pacific occur at Gorgona Island, and these reefs have shown remarkable recovery from past El Niño events, and they have not experienced significant bleaching in recent warming events. To provide insights into the resilience capacity of coral reefs on Gorgona Island, this research aims to identify the physiological mechanisms in Pocillopora corals when they face local and global stressors. Through laboratory and field experiments, coupled with environmental monitoring, some traits in the corals were identified that aided in explaining the resilience of pocilloporid reefs. The first study in this research assessed the effect of deoxygenation (a global stressor) on Pocillopora capitata and the coral reefs of Gorgona Island. The second study evaluated the physiological changes that occur in Pocillopora when they face cool temperatures and hypoxia, conditions that occur during upwelling events (a regional stressor). The last study evaluated the resistance and resilience capacity of Pocillopora damicornis to local stressors (low salinity and sediments) using a reciprocal transplant experiment between two neighboring reefs, that differ in their distance from shore.
Download or read book Coral Reef Resilience written by Loke Ming Chou and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-06-02 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are coral reefs sufficiently resilient to withstand the changing environmental conditions of the future? Research is necessary to gain a better understanding of how reefs will respond and how resilient they are. Various approaches to characterize and analyze reef responses from the molecular to community and habitat levels are all essential. Trends could be analyzed from spatially extensive and/or long-term monitoring data and applied to novel management strategies. Reef resilience research continues to remain relevant and important to the future of coral reefs. The contributions in this volume provide a further dimension to the understanding of reef resilience.
Download or read book Coral Reefs and Climate Change written by Jonathan Turnbull Phinney and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 2006-01-10 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Coastal and Estuarine Studies, Volume 61. The effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide and related climate change on shallow coral reefs are gaining considerable attention for scientific and economic reasons worldwide. Although increased scientific research has improved our understanding of the response of coral reefs to climate change, we still lack key information that can help guide reef management. Research and monitoring of coral reef ecosystems over the past few decades have documented two major threats related to increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2: (1) increased sea surface temperatures and (2) increased seawater acidity (lower pH). Higher atmospheric CO2 levels have resulted in rising sea surface temperatures and proven to be an acute threat to corals and other reef-dwelling organisms. Short periods (days) of elevated sea surface temperatures by as little as 1–2°C above the normal maximum temperature has led to more frequent and more widespread episodes of coral bleaching-the expulsion of symbiotic algae. A more chronic consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2 is the lowering of pH of surface waters, which affects the rate at which corals and other reef organisms secrete and build their calcium carbonate skeletons. Average pH of the surface ocean has already decreased by an estimated 0.1 unit since preindustrial times, and will continue to decline in concert with rising atmospheric CO2. These climate-related Stressors combined with other direct anthropogenic assaults, such as overfishing and pollution, weaken reef organisms and increase their susceptibility to disease.
Download or read book A Research Review of Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-05-05 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reef declines have been recorded for all major tropical ocean basins since the 1980s, averaging approximately 30-50% reductions in reef cover globally. These losses are a result of numerous problems, including habitat destruction, pollution, overfishing, disease, and climate change. Greenhouse gas emissions and the associated increases in ocean temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations have been implicated in increased reports of coral bleaching, disease outbreaks, and ocean acidification (OA). For the hundreds of millions of people who depend on reefs for food or livelihoods, the thousands of communities that depend on reefs for wave protection, the people whose cultural practices are tied to reef resources, and the many economies that depend on reefs for fisheries or tourism, the health and maintenance of this major global ecosystem is crucial. A growing body of research on coral physiology, ecology, molecular biology, and responses to stress has revealed potential tools to increase coral resilience. Some of this knowledge is poised to provide practical interventions in the short-term, whereas other discoveries are poised to facilitate research that may later open the doors to additional interventions. A Research Review of Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs reviews the state of science on genetic, ecological, and environmental interventions meant to enhance the persistence and resilience of coral reefs. The complex nature of corals and their associated microbiome lends itself to a wide range of possible approaches. This first report provides a summary of currently available information on the range of interventions present in the scientific literature and provides a basis for the forthcoming final report.
Download or read book A Decision Framework for Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-09-29 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reefs are critical to ocean and human life because they provide food, living area, storm protection, tourism income, and more. However, human-induced stressors, such as overfishing, sediment, pollution, and habitat destruction have threatened ocean ecosystems globally for decades. In the face of climate change, these ecosystems now face an array of unfamiliar challenges due to destructive rises in ocean temperature, acidity and sea level. These factors lead to an increased frequency of bleaching events, hindered growth, and a decreasing rate of calcification. Research on interventions to combat these relatively new stressors and a reevaluation of longstanding interventions is necessary to understand and protect coral reefs in this changing climate. Previous research on these methods prompts further questions regarding the decision making process for site-specific interventions. A Decision Framework for Interventions to Increase the Persistence and Resilience of Coral Reefs builds upon a previous report that reviews the state of research on methods that have been used, tested, or proposed to increase the resilience of coral reefs. This new report aims to help coral managers evaluate the specific needs of their site and navigate the 23 different interventions described in the previous report. A case study of the Caribbean, a region with low coral population plagued by disease, serves as an example for coral intervention decision making. This report provides complex coral management decision making tools, identifies gaps in coral biology and conservation research, and provides examples to help individuals and communities tailor a decision strategy to a local area.
Download or read book Scientific Framework for Evaluating Coral Reef Resilience to Climate Change written by Hannah Catherine Barkley and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coral reef resilience and resistance to bleaching written by and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2005 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides synthesis of current scientific knowledge on coral reef resilience and resistance to bleaching, and highlights resilience and resistance factors and some knowledge gaps. Discusses tools and strategies to enhance resilience, including the use of well-designed networks of marine protected areas and integrated coastal management.
Download or read book Coral Reef Resilience Assessment of the Pemba Channel Conservation Area Tanzania written by and published by IUCN. This book was released on with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Future of Coral Reefs Subject to Rapid Climate Change Lessons from Natural Extreme Environments written by Emma F. Camp and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examination of corals and reef-associated organisms which endure in extreme coral reef environments is challenging our understanding of the conditions that organisms can survive under. By studying individuals naturally adapted to unfavorable conditions, we begin to better understand the important traits required to survive rapid environmental and climate change. This Research Topic, comprising reviews, and original research articles, demonstrates the current state of knowledge regarding the diversity of extreme coral habitats, the species that have been studied, and the knowledge to-date on the mechanisms, traits and trade-offs that have facilitated survival.
Download or read book Global Climate Change and Coral Reefs written by Clive R. Wilkinson and published by IUCN. This book was released on 1994 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A global overview of the potential impacts of climate change and sea level rise on coral reefs, and of the implications of such impacts for ecological sustainable use of coral reefs. Includes information on the status and trends of reef conservation and use around the world, and suggestions for management of reefs in a changing world.
Download or read book Coral reefs climate change and resilience an agenda for action from the IUCN World Conservation Congress in Barcelona Spain written by and published by IUCN. This book was released on with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Carbon and Coral Reefs written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This brochure illustrates some of the linkages among climate, carbon dioxide and coral reefs, while describing the necessary steps to appropriately assess the threats at the local and regional scales, as well as to devise suitable monitoring, conservation and mitigation strategies."--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Plastic Versus Fixed Influences on Coral Response to Fluctuating Environmental Conditions written by Daniel J. Barshis and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The degree to which coral reef ecosystems will be impacted by global climate change depends on regional and local differences in corals' susceptibility and resilience to environmental stressors. This dissertation attempts to investigate the physiological basis behind the unique stress tolerance of a group of back reef corals that experience daily environmental extremes thought to cause bleaching and mortality in most corals. I examined the response of a suite of stress protein biomarkers in the common reef coral Pontes lobata from multiple back reef sites and a neighboring forereef on Ofu and Olosega Islands, American Samoa, using field reciprocal transplant experiments (RTEs) and controlled laboratory manipulations. Additionally, I examined the genetic diversity of P. lobata hosts and their algal symbionts in both back reef and forereef populations to assess the degree of gene-flow between areas and the influence of symbiont genotype on coral response. RTEs performed during the southern summer revealed a combination of both fixed and environmental influence on biomarker response. Fixed influences were strongest for ubiquitin-conjugated proteins with consistently higher levels found in back reef versus forereef source colonies both pre and post transplant; suggesting a greater amount of or capacity to process irreversible protein denaturation in back reef corals. Algal endosymbiont populations were genetically indistinguishable between the forereef and back reef sites based on nuclear ribosomal DNA, while genetic analyses of nuclear microsatellite and mitochondrial loci of the coral host revealed both large scale (100 km) and small scale (1 km) population subdivision. Fixed and environmental influences on biomarker responses were consistent over seasonal and long-term changes, with a significant reduction in ubiquitin-conjugates during winter versus summer seasons when daily extremes in back reef characteristics were lowest. Controlled acclimation experiments demonstrated that coral thermal tolerance increased following exposure to fluctuating versus stable temperatures, although back reef corals still exhibited elevated thermal tolerance compared to forereef corals despite acclimation treatments. These experiments demonstrate that exposure to environmental variability promotes coral stress tolerance at both the level of phenotypic plasticity as well as over longer time-scales through epigenetic changes to or evolutionary adaptation of the coral stress response.
Download or read book Coral Reefs An Ecosystem in Transition written by Zvy Dubinsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-02 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers in one volume materials scattered in hundreds of research articles, in most cases focusing on specialized aspects of coral biology. In addition to the latest developments in coral evolution and physiology, it presents chapters devoted to novel frontiers in coral reef research. These include the molecular biology of corals and their symbiotic algae, remote sensing of reef systems, ecology of coral disease spread, effects of various scenarios of global climate change, ocean acidification effects of increasing CO2 levels on coral calcification, and damaged coral reef remediation. Beyond extensive coverage of the above aspects, key issues regarding the coral organism and the reef ecosystem such as calcification, reproduction, modeling, algae, reef invertebrates, competition and fish are re-evaluated in the light of new research and emerging insights. In all chapters novel theories as well as challenges to established paradigms are introduced, evaluated and discussed. This volume is indispensible for all those involved in coral reef management and conservation.
Download or read book Coral Reef Resilience Assessment of the Nosy Hara Marine Protected Area Northwest Madagascar written by and published by IUCN. This book was released on with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coral Reef Resilience written by Loke Ming Chou and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coral Reefs in the Anthropocene written by Michael Sweet and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, 10 outstanding Research Topics are selected as finalists of the Frontiers Spotlight Award. These shortlisted article collections each address a globally important field of research with the potential to drastically impact our future. They bring together the latest, cutting-edge research to advance their fields, present new solutions and foster essential, large-scale collaborations across multiple disciplines and research groups worldwide. This international research prize recognizes the most innovative and impactful topics and the winning team of editors receives $100,000 to organize an international scientific conference on the theme of their successful collection.
