Download or read book Assessing the effects of land use on water quality and biotic integrity in the Sawkill Red Hook NY using two macroinvertebrate indices and chemical data written by Mary Pat Kennedy-Budd and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A water quality assessment of the Saw Kill Red Hook NY stream using an index of biotic integrity written by Christopher B. Uraneck and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Impacts of Land Use Disturbance on Fish and Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages in the Nolichucky River Watershed written by Hayley Sonia Gotwald and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Southern Appalachian watersheds of the United States are negatively affected by pesticides and fertilizers used in row crop agriculture. The objective was to determine if the amount of row crops is connected to changes in aquatic biotic assemblages draining the Nolichucky River watershed in east Tennessee. The hypothesis was the amount of row crops will negatively correlate with indices of biotic integrity (IBI) metrics for fish and benthic macroinvertebrates indicating healthy aquatic communities. For 18 sample sites in 2014 and 2015, IBI metrics were calculated. Water quality and elevation measurements were made before conducting IBIs. To assess changes in and amounts of land use/land cover (LULC), maps from 1999 to 2014 were produced with Landsat satellite imagery. Pollutant estimates (sediment, phosphorus, and nitrogen) were calculated using the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The area of row crops increased since 1999 (39 km2 in 1999 to 71 km2 in 2014). A principal component analysis was performed on LULC measurements from different scales (local, reach and catchment), water quality data, and elevation to produce a reduced set of explanatory variables that were uncorrelated but could be associated with IBI metrics. A canonical correspondence analysis associated fish metrics with LULC types: Impervious surfaces, non-row crop fields, and forest (p = 0.04 for axis 1 eigenvalue, p = 0.05 for species-environment correlations). For the benthic macroinvertebrate metrics, nonmetric multidimensional scaling found metrics indicative of poor stream health (percentage of oligochaetes and chironomids, percentage of nutrient tolerant organisms) were strongly positively associated with increasing use of row crops, impervious surfaces (p ≤ 0.01), and pollutant estimates (p ≤ 0.004). A redundancy analysis found increasing pollutant estimates were associated with fish metrics indicative of poor stream health (percentages of hybrids, piscivores, diseased fish, and number of sunfish species) (p = 0.03). When watersheds of tributary streams are converted to impervious and non-row crop field LULC, they function biologically like the larger main stem river. Although fish and benthic macroinvertebrate metrics indicated the tributary and main stem Nolichucky sites were in relatively good condition, increases in land conversion can further degrade stream biotic integrity.

Download or read book Assessing Land Use and Habitat Effects on Fish and Macroinvertebrate Assemblages written by Mary Lammert and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Impact of Land Use on Water Quality written by James Lake and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Watershed Land Use Patterns on Benthic Macroinvertebrate Biotic Integrity in Northern Prince George s County MD USA written by Laura E. McGee and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Land Use and Habitat Quality on Fish and Macroinvertebrate Concordance Ecological Community Thresholds and Trophic Structure written by Stephanie L. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Accounting for Biotic Variability in Streams with Low Levels of Impervious Cover written by Catherine Bentsen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As landscapes become increasingly urbanized, there is an associated increase in impervious cover. Impervious surfaces, such as roads, rooftops, and parking lots contribute to the physical, hydrological, chemical, and biological alteration of stream systems. Biotic assemblages consistently degrade with increased watershed impervious cover; however, at low levels of impervious cover, these assemblages exhibit wide variability in biotic integrity. This study investigated which reach- and watershed-scale factors explained biotic condition (i.e., richness, flow traits, thermal traits, and tolerance for macroinvertebrates and fishes) at similar levels of low imperviousness. The primary objective was to identify factors that confer resistance for biota, such that they retain high biotic integrity at low levels of impervious cover, and, conversely, to determine which factors make biota more vulnerable to urban disturbance, such that they have low biotic integrity despite low levels of impervious cover. Forty sites were selected across Massachusetts within two narrow bands of impervious cover: 1 - 4% (n = 20) and 7 - 10% (n = 20). Models with reach-scale variables (reflecting habitat heterogeneity, flow, temperature, or water quality) or watershed-scale variables (representing natural characteristics, land use, flow alterations, and other measures of urbanization or impervious) explained additional variance compared to models with impervious cover alone. Reach-scale factors tended to explain more variance than watershed-scale factors for all biotic responses except fluvial fishes, with overall more variance explained for fish than macroinvertebrate assemblages. At the reach scale, colder water temperatures, higher dissolved oxygen, and more large wood were related to higher proportions of fluvial, coldwater, and intolerant fishes. For macroinvertebrates, warmer water temperature, smaller sediment size, and higher nitrate were related to higher macroinvertebrate richness and tolerance. At the watershed scale, air temperature emerged as an important predictor for both taxonomic groups and across response metrics; air temperature was highly correlated with high-elevation watersheds. Other important watershed-scale predictors were open water and dams, flow alteration, and other urban measures such as housing density, impervious in a 120-m buffer, and road crossings. Restoration should focus on strategies to reduce impacts that would degrade in-stream conditions that allow for higher biotic integrity, such as habitat heterogeneity, more large wood, and colder water temperatures. Similarly, watersheds should be prioritized for protection with those characteristics potentially more resistant to urban disturbance, such as high-elevation regions that retained high biotic integrity despite higher dam density, more road crossings, and more flow alteration.

Download or read book The Use of Macroinvertebrate Subsamples and Family Level Identification to Assess Environmental Impacts on Streams written by Elizabeth Marie Chase and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The species richness and diversity of pollution tolerant and intolerant macroinvertebrates provide an important tool to assess environmental impacts on streams. This study determined the efficacy of subsampling and family level identification in assessing water quality community structure and the biological health of the system. Fifty replicates of 100-, 300-, 500- 800- and 1000- organism subsamples were modeled using computer simulations based on actual Hess samples containing 1247 organisms (South Fork Boulder Creek) (SFB1) and 1234 organisms (California Creek). Ten replicates of California Creek were also handpicked to determine if there was bias in the computer model. Both handpicked and computer modeling gave similar results. South Fork Boulder 2 (SFB2) (2982 organisms) and South Fork Boulder 3 (SFB3) (4239 organisms) were also compared using the same computer modeling technique. Subsamples were compared using Hilsenhoffs species Biotic Index (HBI) and Family Biotic Index (FBI), taxa richness, feeding guild and taxa composition, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera (EPT) to Chironomidae ratio, EPT index, Shannon's diversity index and evenness, community loss index, %dominant taxon, and the EPA's Biotic Condition Score (%similarity to reference stream). HBI and FBI rated all subsample sizes the same: California Creek rated 2.45 and 4.16 (good); South Fork Boulder 1 rated 2.68 and 5.30 (fair), South Fork Boulder 2 rated 2.61 and 4.97 (fair), and South Fork Boulder 3 rated 2.63 and 5.0 (fair). Taxa richness (family and species) was significantly different at 100-organism subsamples in all streams and was also significantly different at the 300- organism level in the larger samples (SFB2 & 3). The ratio of shredders to total numbers remained relatively constant for all subsample sizes and all streams. The ratio of scrapers to filtering feeders differed among streams, however the groups were either under- or over-represented in all of the SFB's; California Creek had no filterers. EPT/Chironomidae ratio remained relatively constant for all subsample sizes and streams. The EPT index (family and species) was significantly different at 100-organism samples in all streams and was also significantly different at the 300-organism level in the larger samples (SFB2 & 3). Shannon's diversity index remained relatively constant for all subsample sizes and streams. Shannon's evenness measure rated all 100-organism subsamples as more similar than they actually were. The community loss index indicated there were significant differences in community structure at 100- and 300- organism subsamples for California Creek and SFB1 and also at 500-organism level in SFB2 and SFB3. %dominant taxon remained relatively constant for all subsample sizes and all streams at both family and species level. EPA's Biotic Condition Score (%similarity) indicated that at the 100-organism species level, all streams showed slight impairment and SFB1, SFB2 and SFB3 were also slightly impaired at the 300-organism level. In addition, SFB2 and SFB3 showed impairment at higher levels (SFB2 to 800- and SFB3 to 1000- organisms). Using the family BCS, California creek was not impaired at any level, SFB1 showed slight impairment at 100-organism level and SFB2 and SFB3 showed impairment at 100- and 300-organisms. This study indicates that family level metrics and indices give results similar to species level metrics and that subsampling at the 300-organism level could also be utilized. Using family level metrics and 300-organism subsamples would save considerable time, money and energy, which could be better utilized in more in-depth studies and better stream management"--Document.

Download or read book Environmental Impact of Land Use on Water Quality written by James Lake and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Migratory Nongame Birds of Management Concern in the Northeast written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Lower Murrumbidgee Floodplain written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Volunteer Lake Monitoring written by Jonathan T. Simpson and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Volunteer Estuary Monitoring written by Nina A. Fisher and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Flood Damage Prevention written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Southern New Ireland Papua New Guinea written by Bruce McP. Beehler and published by Conservation International. This book was released on 2001 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biologically, New Ireland is one of the least biologically studied regions of Papua New Guinea—its mountainous southern zone has long been considered both a high priority for biodiversity conservation and a major "scientific unknown." Conservation International agreed to organize a rapid assessment of the forests and wildlife of southern New Ireland. The purpose of the rapid assessment exercise was threefold: to assess the biodiversity of southern New Ireland, to field-test rapid-survey methodology in Papua New Guinea, and to share expertise and methodologies with staff scientists from Papua New Guinea's Department of Environment and Conservation.