Download or read book Aseptic Loosening of Orthopedic Implants written by Mehdi Amirhosseini and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-05-24 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aseptic loosening is the main cause of failure of orthopedic prostheses. With no pharmaceuticals to prevent or mitigate periprosthetic bone degradation, a surgery to replace the loose implant with a new one is the only choice to restore patients’ function. Most studies on mechanisms for aseptic loosening investigate wear debris particle-induced osteolysis. However, pathological loading conditions around unstable implants can also trigger osteoclast differentiation and bone loss. In the first study, global gene expression changes induced by mechanical instability of implants, and by titanium particles were compared in a validated rat model for aseptic loosening. Microarray analysis showed that similar signaling pathways and gene expression patterns are involved in particle- and instability-induced periprosthetic osteolysis with an early onset innate immune response as a hallmark of osteolysis induced by mechanical instability. Further, effects of potential therapeutics on restriction of excessive osteoclast differentiation were evaluated. Wnt signaling pathway is known to regulate bone remodeling. In the second study, effects of inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3?), a negative regulator of canonical Wnt signaling, on instability-induced periprosthetic osteolysis were examined using our rat model for aseptic loosening. Inhibition of GSK-3? led to a decrease in osteoclast numbers in the periprosthetic bone tissue exposed to mechanical instability while osteoblast perimeter showed an increase. This was accompanied by higher bone volume fraction (BV/TV) in animals treated with the GSK-3? inhibitor. In the third study, potential beneficial effects of two selective inhibitors of cyclindependent kinase 8/19 (CDK8/19) on bone tissue were evaluated. CDK8/19 is a Mediator complex-associated transcriptional regulator involved in several signaling pathways. CDK8/19 inhibitors, mainly under investigation as treatments for tumors, are reported to enhance osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. We show in this study, for the first time, that inhibition of CDK8/19 led to marked suppression of osteoclast differentiation from bone marrow macrophages in vitro through disruption of the RANK signaling. In mouse primary osteoblasts downregulation of osteopontin mRNA, a negative regulator of mineralization, together with increased alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition indicated that osteoblast mineralization was promoted by CDK8/19 inhibition. Moreover, local administration of a CDK8/19 inhibitor promoted cancellous bone regeneration in a rat model for bone healing. These studies contribute to better understanding of mechanisms behind mechanical instability-induced periprosthetic osteolysis and propose potential therapeutics to restrict bone loss with effects on both osteoclasts and osteoblasts.
Download or read book Postgraduate Orthopaedics written by Paul A. Banaszkiewicz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The must-have book for candidates preparing for the oral component of the FRCS (Tr and Orth).
Download or read book Radiologic Guide to Orthopedic Devices written by Tim B. Hunter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive reference on radiologic appearance, uses and complications of orthopedic devices, for radiologists, orthopedists, physicians, and students.
Download or read book Recent Advances in Arthroplasty written by Samo Fokter and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-01-27 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book was to offer an overview of recent insights into the current state of arthroplasty. The tremendous long term success of Sir Charnley's total hip arthroplasty has encouraged many researchers to treat pain, improve function and create solutions for higher quality of life. Indeed and as described in a special chapter of this book, arthroplasty is an emerging field in the joints of upper extremity and spine. However, there are inborn complications in any foreign design brought to the human body. First, in the chapter on infections we endeavor to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis and description of the management of this difficult problem. Second, the immune system is faced with a strange material coming in huge amounts of micro-particles from the tribology code. Therefore, great attention to the problem of aseptic loosening has been addressed in special chapters on loosening and on materials currently available for arthroplasty.
Download or read book Bone Implant Interface in Orthopedic Surgery written by Theofilos Karachalios and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Total joint arthroplasty is an effective surgical procedure for end-stage osteoarthritis of major joints with satisfactory long term clinical outcome. A large and growing number of arthroplasties are performed annually worldwide and a great number of orthopaedic surgeons are practicing arthroplasty surgery as their main surgical activity. The biological behavior of the bone-implant interface is crucial for the long term survival of the artificial joint. All factors which have a positive or negative effect on the interface are of great interest for those practicing arthroplasty surgery. Basic scientists and the industry are continuously searching for new implant fixation mechanisms and improved materials. There is an accumulation of a great amount of basic science data (both biological, material and mechanical) related to the incorporation or loosening of the bone-implant interface. However, basic science data does not always translate to satisfactory clinical application, and orthopaedic practitioners often wonder which piece of information is clinically useful. A further problem is that basic scientists often speak their own scientific language and may not fully appreciate common clinical practice needs. In this textbook the biological and mechanical mechanisms of implant incorporation and loosening will be presented. All new data concerning materials and methods for incorporation enhancement will be critically analyzed. Data useful for clinical application will be stressed. Orthopaedic Surgeons will find information which will improve their clinical practice and basic scientists will be helped to understand and appreciate clinical needs.
Download or read book The Infected Implant written by Heino Kienapfel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-21 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Musculosketal infections are potentially devastating for the patient, his family and the health care services, as they may lead to functional impairment, long lasting disability, or even permanent handicap. This problem may also have socioeconomic implications. Infection commonly results in prolonged use of antibiotics, multiple operations, complications, extended rehabilitation and long lasting followup visits with additional costs for the health care provider. This book covers contributions from international experts who came together in Potsdam, Germany, at the invitation of Professor Heino Kienapfel, MD PhD, of the Department of Special Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology of the Centre of Joint Arthroplasty, Auguste Viktoria Clinics Berlin. The focus of this book is the state of the art of: -Antimicrobial Resistances: Facts and Statistics - Arthroplasty Registers in EU: Status and Development - Microbiology in Arthroplasty - Strategies in Antibiotic Treatment - Spacer Management: Clinical Experiences and Requirements - Biofilm Creation: Low Grade Infection - Revision: Cemented vs. Cementless - Revision: One-stage vs. Two-stage treatment
Download or read book Personalized Hip and Knee Joint Replacement written by Charles Rivière and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes and illustrates the surgical techniques, implants, and technologies used for the purpose of personalized implantation of hip and knee components. This new and flourishing treatment philosophy offers important benefits over conventional systematic techniques, including component positioning appropriate to individual anatomy, improved surgical reproducibility and prosthetic performance, and a reduction in complications. The techniques described in the book aim to reproduce patients’ native anatomy and physiological joint laxity, thereby improving the prosthetic hip/knee kinematics and functional outcomes in the quest of the forgotten joint. They include kinematically aligned total knee/total hip arthroplasty, partial knee replacement, and hip resurfacing. The relevance of available and emerging technological tools for these personalized approaches is also explained, with coverage of, for example, robotics, computer-assisted surgery, and augmented reality. Contributions from surgeons who are considered world leaders in diverse fields of this novel surgical philosophy make this open access book will invaluable to a wide readership, from trainees at all levels to consultants practicing lower limb surgery
Download or read book Complications after Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty written by Matthew P. Abdel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering both acute post-operative and chronic complications following total hip arthroplasty (THA), this comprehensive clinical guide provides diagnostic and management strategies and techniques for orthopedic surgeons at every level. Utilizing a case-based approach, each condition is discussed in terms of its epidemiology, risk factors, and preventative measures, with a brief literature review providing evidence for the diagnosis and treatment each author selects. The first section covers acute post-operative complications, discussing peripheral nerve and vascular injuries, periprosthetic fractures and infections as well as thromboembolic events. The second section covers chronic complications including the more common complications such as recurrent dislocation and infection as well as rarer complications such as pelvic discontinuity. Aimed at the most efficient management of these often complicated conditions, Complications after Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty is a practical resource for orthopedic surgeons, residents and fellows working with patients having undergone hip replacement surgery.
Download or read book Biomaterials in Orthopedics written by Michael J. Yaszemski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-10-17 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by respected experts in the field, Biomaterials in Orthopedics discusses bioabsorbable biomaterials for bone repair, nondegradable materials in orthopaedics and delivery systems. Topics in this text include biocompatibility and the biomaterial/tissue interface; self-reinforced bioabsorbable devices and guided regeneration; bone substitutes,
Download or read book Joint Replacement Technology written by Peter A. Revell and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of Joint Replacement Technology provides a thoroughly updated review of recent developments in joint replacement technology. Joint replacement is a standard treatment for joint degradation and has improved the quality of life of millions of patients. Collaboration between clinicians and researchers is critical to its continued success and to meet the rising expectations of patients and surgeons.This edition covers a range of updated and new content, ranging from chapters on materials analysis and selection, to methodologies and techniques used for joint replacement and clinical challenges of replacing specific joints. Key topics include tribological considerations and experiments; challenges in joint bearing surfaces; cementless fixation techniques; healing responses to implants. Clinical challenges and perspectives are covered with the aid of case studies.Thanks to its widespread collaboration and international contributors, Joint Replacement Technology, Third Edition is useful for materials scientists and engineers in both academia and the biomedical industry. Chemists, clinicians, and other researchers in this area will also find this text invaluable. This third edition provides an updated comprehensive review of recent developments in joint replacement technology Reviews a range of specific joints, biological and mechanical issues and fixation techniques Includes revised and new content, such as sections on regulatory affairs, AI techniques and 3D printing
Download or read book Particulate Debris from Medical Implants written by Kenneth R. St. John and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1992 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of an October 1990 symposium in San Antonio held to address the problem of the release of particulate material debris from medical implants because of wear, physical deterioration, or the harsh chemical environment. Examines tissue responses to such debris in order to identify factors that might moderate it, such as implant material or design, or postoperatic drugs. Member price, $53. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Prosthetic Joint Infections written by Trisha Peel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-28 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book outlines the most updated clinical guidelines that are vital for the prevention infections and care of patients with joint infections following a replacement surgery, one of the highest volume medical interventions globally. Sections address the diagnosis, management approaches and prevention of prosthetic joint infections. Written by experts in the field, this text provides a brief overview of the literature and current recommendations in each of the specified areas. Given the rapidly evolving state-of-play in this clinical area, this compendium grows increasingly important to clinicians in their management decisions. Prosthetic Joint Infections is a valuable resource for infectious disease specialists, epidemiologists, surgeons, and orthopedic specialists who may work with patients with prosthetic joint infections.
Download or read book Titanium Alloys written by Jan Sieniawski and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-05-15 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book contains six chapters and covers topics dealing with biomedical applications of titanium alloys, surface treatment, relationships between microstructure and mechanical and technological properties, and the effect of radiation on the structure of the titanium alloys.
Download or read book Total Knee Arthroplasty written by James Alan Rand and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1993 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference on total knee arthroplasty describes all surgical techniques and prosthetic designs for primary and revision arthroplasty, discusses every aspect of patient selection, preoperative planning, and intraoperative and postoperative care.
Download or read book Essentials of Cemented Knee Arthroplasty written by Erik Hansen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Editors of “Essentials of Cemented Knee Arthroplasty” have compiled a comprehensive textbook on what many consider the most successful surgical procedure of the century. This book rounds out the compendium previously published by Springer on arthroplasty related topics: “The Well Cemented Total Hip Arthroplasty”, “PMMA Cements”, and “Management of Periprosthetic Joint Infection”. Unique to this text is the high quality contributions from over 160 world wide experts in the field, and provides a unique international perspective on the multifaceted topic of knee replacement surgery. Sections include a focus on Surgical Indications, Implant Design, Novel Technologies, Complications, and Cementing Technique, amongst others. Each Chapter not only draws on the most current literature on the subject, but also crystalizes the most important points into clinically relevant, practically applicable “take home messages”. This singular text is notable for not only its breadth, but also its depth, and will be an invaluable resource for knee arthroplasty surgeons throughout the globe.
Download or read book Clinical Performance of Skeletal Prostheses written by J. Wilson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Larry L. Hench June Wilson OBJECTIVE Millions of people presently enjoy an improved quality of life due to prostheses which repair, augment or replace parts of their skeletal system: bones, joints, teeth, etc. However, all replacement parts have a finite probability of survival. The goal of this book is to compare the survivability data for various skeletal prosthesis systems. All data derive from previously published clinical studies. Where possible statistical comparisons are made and the reasons for failure are discussed. THE NEED FOR SKELETAL PROSTHESES We are an aging population with more than 100 million people in the U. S. and Europe over the age of 50 years. An unfortunate consequence of aging is a progressive deterioration of the quality of skeletal tissues. From the age of 30 years there is a decrease in bone mass for both men and women (Fig. 1. 1). However, for women it is much greater and between 40 and 60 years of age the rate of deterioration of long bones and vertebrae of women is especially severe due to hormonal changes. By the age of 70 most women will have lost from 35 to 60% of their bone mass. The loss of volume of cancellous or trabecular bone leads to a large decrease in mechanical compressive strength (Fig. 1. 2). The clinical consequence is an increasing incidence of vertebral collapse. Cortical bone decreases in tensile strength with age (Fig. 1.
Download or read book Imaging of Prosthetic Joints written by Carlina V. Albanese and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-22 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An increasing percentage of the population has at least one prosthetic joint. Imaging is required for both initial assessment and routine follow-up of the implant, and this book is intended as an informative and up-to-date guide to the subject. After an introductory section covering a range of background topics, the level of information offered by different imaging techniques in presurgical planning and postimplantation assessment is analyzed. The application of imaging to different joints is then carefully explored in chapters devoted to the foot and ankle, hip, knee, shoulder, and elbow, wrist and hand. In addition, two innovative chapters focus on periprosthetic DXA as the gold standard in monitoring implant survival and on the role of drug therapy in helping to ensure the durability of the prosthesis. A central feature of the book is its combination of the clinical and radiological perspectives; it will be of value to radiologists and orthopedic specialists, as well as residents in these disciplines.
