Download or read book Artificial DNA written by Yury E. Khudyakov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-09-25 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining elements of biochemistry, molecular biology, and immunology, artificial DNA can be employed in a number of scientific disciplines. Some of the varied applications include site-specific mutagenesis, hybridization, amplification, protein engineering, anti-sense technology, DNA vaccines, protein vaccines, recombinant antibodies, screening fo

Download or read book Artificial DNA written by Yury E. Khudyakov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-09-25 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining elements of biochemistry, molecular biology, and immunology, artificial DNA can be employed in a number of scientific disciplines. Some of the varied applications include site-specific mutagenesis, hybridization, amplification, protein engineering, anti-sense technology, DNA vaccines, protein vaccines, recombinant antibodies, screening for genetic and pathogenic diseases, development of materials with new biochemical and structural properties, and many more. Artificial DNA: Methods and Applications introduces the concept of artificial DNA that has been rationally designed and explains how it may be exploited in order to develop products that will achieve your intended purpose. The first part of the book covers methods of oligonucleotide synthesis and direct applications of synthetic DNA. The second part describes methods of gene assembly from synthetic oligonucleotides and applications of synthetic genes. The authors also discuss the different trends and future developments within each application area . With state-of-the art research, the contributing authors describe how to engineer proteins using rational and semi-rational design to exhibit the desired traits and detail the various amplification reactions and hybridization techniques for modeling evolution and for use in basic research. The only text devoted to this subject, Artificial DNA offers a comprehensive review that allows you to understand the strategy, design, and applications of synthetic oligonucleotides.

Download or read book Regenesis written by George M Church and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Harvard biologist and master inventor explores how new biotechnologies will enable us to bring species back from the dead, unlock vast supplies of renewable energy, and extend human life. In Regenesis, George Church and science writer Ed Regis explore the possibilities of the emerging field of synthetic biology. Synthetic biology, in which living organisms are selectively altered by modifying substantial portions of their genomes, allows for the creation of entirely new species of organisms. These technologies-far from the out-of-control nightmare depicted in science fiction-have the power to improve human and animal health, increase our intelligence, enhance our memory, and even extend our life span. A breathtaking look at the potential of this world-changing technology, Regenesis is nothing less than a guide to the future of life.

Download or read book Synthetic Genomics written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2022-10-05 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What Is Synthetic Genomics To manufacture new DNA or complete lifeforms, synthetic genomics, a relatively young subfield of synthetic biology, employs techniques such as genetic alteration on already-existent life forms or artificial gene synthesis. These techniques may be used to create new DNA. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Synthetic genomics Chapter 2: Base pair Chapter 3: Bacterial artificial chromosome Chapter 4: Molecular genetics Chapter 5: Yeast artificial chromosome Chapter 6: DNA synthesis Chapter 7: Site-directed mutagenesis Chapter 8: Xenobiology Chapter 9: Index of molecular biology articles Chapter 10: DNA construct Chapter 11: Genomic library Chapter 12: Fosmid Chapter 13: Artificial gene synthesis Chapter 14: Functional cloning Chapter 15: Mycoplasma laboratorium Chapter 16: Nucleic acid analogue Chapter 17: Molecular cloning Chapter 18: Minimal genome Chapter 19: Clyde A. Hutchison III Chapter 20: Synthetic genomes Chapter 21: No-SCAR (Scarless Cas9 Assisted Recombineering) Genome Editing (II) Answering the public top questions about synthetic genomics. (III) Real world examples for the usage of synthetic genomics in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of synthetic genomics' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of synthetic genomics.

Download or read book Artificial Assemblies with Cooperative DNA Recognition written by Zutao YU and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-09 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents three types of synthetically cooperative DNA recognizing assemblies, in order to advance the development of programmable DNA-binding pyrrole–imidazole polyamides (PIPs). PIPs represent the best-characterized class of small molecule DNA binders that can be modified to bind with any predetermined DNA sequence and regulate gene expression patterns in a transgene-free and cost-effective manner. PIPs are characterized by their small molecular size, high binding affinity, programmability, sequence selectivity, and moderate cell permeability. In recent years, there have been numerous novel studies on the applications of these biological tools; this research is thoroughly reviewed in the first chapter. There are several critical issues, however, that impede the further broad study of PIPs, which greatly concern the author. For instance, the short PIP version has an excessively hi^10 bp; this significantly decreases cell permeability. Moreover, the conventional binding strategy for PIP design cannot apply to flexible DNA binding—for example, the DNA-binding mode of a transcription factor pair. In this book, the author describes the development of three kinds of cooperative DNA-binding systems that help resolve the current highly problematic issues concerning PIPs. These three systems offer a range of significant advantages, such as favorable sequence selectivity, long recognition sequence, higher binding affinity, and a flexible gap distance. Released at a critical juncture in the application of PIPs, this book will greatly facilitate their use as therapeutic drugs in the treatment of cancer and hereditary diseases, and in regenerative medicine.

Download or read book Synthetic DNA Methods and Protocols written by Randall A. Hughes and published by Methods in Molecular Biology. This book was released on 2018-10-11 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents state-of-the art methods for the synthesis, design, assembly, post synthesis processing, and application of synthetic DNA to modern biotechnology. Chapters are divided into three general sections focusing on protocols for the computational design of synthetic DNA sequences, the synthesis, assembly and cloning of synthetic DNA, and post-synthesis error reduction strategies. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Synthetic DNA: Methods and Protocols aims to help researchers further their research on manipulate DNA sequences.

Download or read book Artificial Nucleases written by Marina A. Zenkova and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of agents capable of cleaving RNA and DNA has attracted considerable attention from researchers in the last few years, because of the immediate and very important applications they can find in the emerging fields of biotechnology and pharmacology. There are essentially two classes of these agents - nucleases that occur naturally inside cells and synthetically produced artificial nucleases. The first class includes protein enzyme nucle ases and catalytic RNA structured ribozymes that perform cleavage of the phosphodiester bonds in nucleic acids according to a hydrolytic pathway in the course of different biochemical processes in the cell. A different pathway is used by some antibiotics which cleave DNA via redox-based mechanisms resulting in oxidative damage of nucleotide units and breakage of the DNA backbone. The above molecules are indispensable tools for manipulating nucleic acids and processing RNA; DNA-cleaving antibiotics and cytotoxic ribonucleases have demonstrated utility as chemotherapeutic agents. The second class, artificial nucleases, are rationally designed to imitate the active centers of natural enzymes by simple structures possessing minimal sets of the most important characteristics that are essential for catalysis. A dif ferent approach, in vitro selection, was also used to create artificial RNA and DNA enzymes capable of cleaving RNA. Being less efficient and specific as compared to the natural enzymes, the primitive mimics are smaller and robust and can function in a broad range of conditions.

Download or read book Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes written by Shaying Zhao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-03 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several developmental and historical threads are woven and displayed in these two volumes of Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes, the first on Library Construction, Physical Mapping, and Sequencing, and the second on Fu- tional Studies. The use of large-insert clone libraries is the unifying feature, with many diverse contributions. The editors have had quite distinct roles. Shaying Zhao has managed several BAC end-sequencing projects. Marvin Stodolsky during 1970–1980 contributed to the elucidation of the natural b- teriophage/prophage P1 vector system. Later, he became a member of the Genome Task Group of the Department of Energy (DOE), through which s- port flowed for most clone library resources of the Human Genome Program (HGP). Some important historical contributions are not represented in this volume. This preface in part serves to mention these contributions and also briefly surveys historical developments. Leon Rosner (deceased) contributed substantially in developing a PAC library for drosophila that utilized a PI virion-based encapsidation and tra- fection process. This library served prominently in the Drosophila Genome Project collaboration. PACs proved easy to purify so that they substantially replaced the YACs used earlier. Much of the early automation for massive clone picking and processing was developed at the collaborating Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. However, the P1 virion encapsidation system itself was too fastidious, and P1 virion-based methods did not gain popularity in other genome projects.

Download or read book Sources of Medical Technology written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence suggests that medical innovation is becoming increasingly dependent on interdisciplinary research and on the crossing of institutional boundaries. This volume focuses on the conditions governing the supply of new medical technologies and suggest that the boundaries between disciplines, institutions, and the private and public sectors have been redrawn and reshaped. Individual essays explore the nature, organization, and management of interdisciplinary R&D in medicine; the introduction into clinical practice of the laser, endoscopic innovations, cochlear implantation, cardiovascular imaging technologies, and synthetic insulin; the division of innovating labor in biotechnology; the government- industry-university interface; perspectives on industrial R&D management; and the growing intertwining of the public and proprietary in medical technology.

Download or read book We Other Utopians written by Eva Šlesingerová and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We, Other Utopians is the first book to analyze the topics of genome editing/recombinant DNA on the basis of ethnographic research in the post-communist context. The book focuses on the topics of human DNA editing and genome repair on two levels. First, inspired by texts analyzing the concept of life and the body in general, it conceptually and analytically works with various approaches to engineered life and embodiments from the perspective of anthropology, sociology, and science and technology studies. Second, it presents an analysis of artificial life, and biotechnological embodiments on concrete technologies – genome editing, recombinant DNA, and biological computing. The book explores the theme of genome editing based on ethnographic research conducted at a biochemical laboratory in the Czech Republic. The fieldwork was carried out from 2017 to 2019, mainly in a lab focusing on DNA damages and genomic risk of complex diseases or genetic vulnerabilities like breast cancer, infertility, and ageing. Recombinant DNA is understood here as the exchange of DNA strands to produce and design new nucleotide sequence arrangements to heal or enhance human bodies and health in the future. The book analyzes various economies of hope, hype, expectations, politics, and poetics of false promises and better or worse predictions from the point of view of sociology, anthropology, and science and technology studies.

Download or read book The Amazing Journey of Reason written by Mario Alemi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book explores questions such as why and how did the first biological cells appear? And then complex organisms, brains, societies and –now– connected human societies? Physicists have good models for describing the evolution of the universe since the Big Bang, but can we apply the same concepts to the evolution of aggregated matter –living matter included? The Amazing Journey analyzes the latest results in chemistry, biology, neuroscience, anthropology and sociology under the light of the evolution of intelligence, seen as the ability of processing information. The main strength of this book is using just two concepts used in physics –information and energy– to explain: The emergence and evolution of life: procaryotes, eukaryotes and complex organisms The emergence and evolution of the brain The emergence and evolution of societies (human and not) Possible evolution of our "internet society" and the role that Artificial Intelligence is playing

Download or read book Mammalian Artificial Chromosomes written by Vittorio Sgaramella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1996, we organized a workshop, inter alia, at the National Research Co- cil in Milan under the generous sponsorship of the European Science Foun- tion. On that occasion, a small group of investigators convened from many countries and presented early evidence of the possibility of assembling basic units of mammalian chromosomes into artificial constructs (or, indeed, red- ing the relevant components to more manageable dimensions and defined c- stitution). Progress in the following years has been slow but steady. Many scientists who took part in the workshop have since been engaged in active and prod- tive research. It goes to the credit of Humana Press to have realized the need for a book on artificial chromosomes that aims to provide better tools to all scientists committed to this field who are confronted with very difficult tech- cal problems. We have strived to cover in Mammalian Artificial Chromosomes: Methods and Protocols all relevant areas of artificial chromosome research, from basic genetics to daring attempts to build new tools for genetic therapy. We are of course grateful to the authors who have accepted the task of describing the technical steps and pitfalls that can be encountered in their research. Rarely has a very delicate methodology been presented with such meticulous care. We have been helped in this enterprise by the excellent librarian of the LITA Institute in Segrate, Italy, Ms. Claudia Piergigli, whom we thank warmly. Ms.

Download or read book The Science and Applications of Synthetic and Systems Biology written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-12-30 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many potential applications of synthetic and systems biology are relevant to the challenges associated with the detection, surveillance, and responses to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. On March 14 and 15, 2011, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Forum on Microbial Threats convened a public workshop in Washington, DC, to explore the current state of the science of synthetic biology, including its dependency on systems biology; discussed the different approaches that scientists are taking to engineer, or reengineer, biological systems; and discussed how the tools and approaches of synthetic and systems biology were being applied to mitigate the risks associated with emerging infectious diseases. The Science and Applications of Synthetic and Systems Biology is organized into sections as a topic-by-topic distillation of the presentations and discussions that took place at the workshop. Its purpose is to present information from relevant experience, to delineate a range of pivotal issues and their respective challenges, and to offer differing perspectives on the topic as discussed and described by the workshop participants. This report also includes a collection of individually authored papers and commentary.

Download or read book Synthetic Biology written by Huimin Zhao and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-03-21 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic Biology provides a framework to examine key enabling components in the emerging area of synthetic biology. Chapters contributed by leaders in the field address tools and methodologies developed for engineering biological systems at many levels, including molecular, pathway, network, whole cell, and multi-cell levels. The book highlights exciting practical applications of synthetic biology such as microbial production of biofuels and drugs, artificial cells, synthetic viruses, and artificial photosynthesis. The roles of computers and computational design are discussed, as well as future prospects in the field, including cell-free synthetic biology and engineering synthetic ecosystems. Synthetic biology is the design and construction of new biological entities, such as enzymes, genetic circuits, and cells, or the redesign of existing biological systems. It builds on the advances in molecular, cell, and systems biology and seeks to transform biology in the same way that synthesis transformed chemistry and integrated circuit design transformed computing. The element that distinguishes synthetic biology from traditional molecular and cellular biology is the focus on the design and construction of core components that can be modeled, understood, and tuned to meet specific performance criteria and the assembly of these smaller parts and devices into larger integrated systems that solve specific biotechnology problems. Includes contributions from leaders in the field presents examples of ambitious synthetic biology efforts including creation of artificial cells from scratch, cell-free synthesis of chemicals, fuels, and proteins, engineering of artificial photosynthesis for biofuels production, and creation of unnatural living organisms Describes the latest state-of-the-art tools developed for low-cost synthesis of ever-increasing sizes of DNA and efficient modification of proteins, pathways, and genomes Highlights key technologies for analyzing biological systems at the genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic levels which are especially valuable in pathway, whole cell, and multi-cell applications Details mathematical modeling tools and computational tools which can dramatically increase the speed of the design process as well as reduce the cost of development

Download or read book Functional Analysis of Artificial DNA Reaction Network written by Alexandre Baccouche and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information processing within and in between living organisms involves the production and exchange of molecules through signaling pathways organized in chemical reactions networks. They are various by their shape, size, and by the nature of the molecules embroiled. Among them, gene regulatory networks were our inspiration to develop and implement a new framework for in-vitro molecular programming. Indeed, the expression of a gene is mostly controlled by transcription factors or regulatory proteins and/or nucleic acids that are themselves triggered by other genes. The whole assembly draws a web of cross-interacting genes and their subproducts, in which the well controlled topology relates to a precise function. With a closer look at the links between nodes in such architectures, we identify three key points in the inner operating system. First, the interactions either activate or inhibit the production of the later node, meaning that non trivial behaviors are obtained by a combination of nodes rather than a specific new interaction. Second, the chemical stability of DNA, together with the precise reactivity of enzymes ensures the longevity of the network. Finally, the dynamics are sustained by the constant anabolism/catabolism of the effectors, and the subsequent use of fuel/energy. All together, these observations led us to develop an original set of 3 elementary enzymatic reactions: the PEN-DNA toolbox. The architecture of the assembly, i.e. the connectivity between nodes relies on the sequence of synthetic DNA strands (called DNA templates), and 3 enzymes (a polymerase, a nickase and an exonuclease) are taking care of catalysis. The production and degradation of intermediates consume deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTP) and produce deoxynucleotide monophosphates leading to the dissipation of chemical potential. Reactions are monitored thanks to a backbone modification of a template with a fluorophore and the nucleobase quenching effect consecutive to an input strand binding the template. The activation mechanism is then the production of an output following the triggering of an input strand, and the inhibition comes from the production of an output strand that binds the activator-producing sequence. Various behaviors such as oscillation, bistability, or switchable memory have been implemented, requiring more and more complex topologies. For that, each circuit requires a fine tuning in the amount of chemical parameters, such as templates and enzymes. This underlies the fact that a given network may lead to different demeanors depending on the set of parameters. Mapping the output of each combination in the parameter space to find out the panel of behaviors leads to the bifurcation diagram of the system. In order to explore exhaustively the possibilities of one circuit with a reasonable experimental cost, we developped a microfluidic tool generating picoliter-sized water-in-oil droplets with different contents. We overcame the technical challenges in hardware (microfluidic design, droplet generation and long-term observation) and wetware (tracability of the droplet and emulsion compatibility/stability). So far, bifurcation diagrams were calculated from mathematical models based on the enzymes kinetics and the thermodynamic properties of each reaction. The model was then fitted with experimental data taken in distant points in the parameter space. Here, millions of droplets are created, and each one encloses a given amount of parameters, becoming one point in the diagram. The parameter coordinates are barcoded in the droplet, and the output fluorescence signal is recorded by time lapse microscopy. We first applied this technique to a well-known network, and obtained the first experimental two-dimensional bifurcation diagram of the bistable system. The diagram enlightens features that were not described by the previous mathematical model. (...).

Download or read book Synthetic Biology written by Lewis D. Solomon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For nearly forty years, using recombinant DNA tools, researchers, and then businesses, have genetically engineered organisms by transferring naturally occurring genes from one organism into another. Doing so modifies the genetic code of living cells, imparting new traits and achieving desired results; this is done in the production of proteins, pharmaceuticals, and seeds. Synthetic biology, argues Solomon, could free scientists from the need to find natural genes to make such desired modifications. Synthetic biology permits more complex and sophisticated bioengineering than what can be achieved through previous genetic modification techniques. Drawing on non-biological scientific and engineering disciplines, including information technology and nanotechnology, synthetic biology strives to rearrange an organism's genes on a far wider scale by rewriting its genetic code, the chemical instructions need to design, assemble, and operate a species. By allowing the writing of artificial genetic codes, synthetic biology can transform existing industries and spawn new ones, creating new products as well as radically reshaping existing items. Arguing for self-regulation by the scientific and business communities, Lewis D. Solomon recommends a policy framework that would guard against governmental overregulation, which could create a barrier to innovation. Although synthetic biotechnology holds considerable social and economic potential, absent a nurturing regulatory climate, it may prove difficult to translate research discoveries into commercially viable applications.

Download or read book DNA Cloning and Assembly Methods written by Svein Valla and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2014-01-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In DNA Cloning and Assembly Methods, expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used for DNA cloning and make cloning procedures faster, more reliable and also suitable for high-throughput handling. These include methods and protocols that are based on several mechanisms including type II and IIS restriction enzymes, single stranded annealing, sequence overlap, and recombination. With additional chapters on software programs that are suitable for primer design, a feature crucial for the functionality of the described methods. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, DNA Cloning and Assembly Methods seeks to provide scientist with a valuable and useful resource for wet lab researchers within life sciences.