Download or read book Army Doctrine Publication ADP 3 90 Offense and Defense July 2019 written by United States Government Us Army and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This field manual, Army Doctrine Publication ADP 3-90 Offense and Defense July 2019, articulates how Army forces conduct the offense and defense. It contains the fundamental tactics related to the execution of these elements of decisive action. Tactics employs, orders arrangement of, and directs actions of forces in relation to each other. Commanders select tactics that place their forces in positions of relative advantage. The selected tactics support the attainment of goals. Tactics create multiple dilemmas for an enemy allowing the friendly commander to defeat the enemy in detail. Successful tactics require synchronizing all the elements of combat power.ADP 3-90 is the introductory reference for all Army professionals studying the art and science of tactics. The five chapters of ADP 3-90 focus on the tactics used to employ available means to prevail during large-scale ground combat (in the offense and the defense), and they constitute the Army's collective view of how it conducts prompt and sustained tactical offensive and defensive operations on land. All tactics require judgment in application. This publication is not prescriptive, but it is authoritative. ADP 3-90 standardizes the lexicon commanders' use to describe the conduct of offensive, defensive, and supporting enabling operations. It focuses on the employment of combined arms in combat operations.ADP 3-90 has five chapters.Chapter 1 introduces the art and science of tactics. The key points contained within chapter 1 include- An opponent is always thinking and seeking ways to prevail. Some of those ways may be considered out-of-bounds by the U.S. and unified action partner forces.A force is always in some form of contact.Mastering the art and science of tactics requires constant study and training.Doctrine provides a set of tools that leaders adapt to meet the needs and conditions associated with their specific situations.Chapter 2 defines basic tactical concepts and echelons associated with the conduct of both the offense and defense. It illustrates the doctrinal taxonomy established in ADP 3-0. That doctrinal taxonomy is the basis for the organization of chapters 3 through 5. Chapter 2 also defines echelons from the fire team to the field army.Chapter 3 provides the basics of the offense. It discusses the purposes and characteristics of the offense. It defines the four types of offensive operations. It addresses common offensive control measures and discusses common offensive planning considerations by warfighting function. The chapter closes with a discussion of transitions to either defensive or stability operations.Chapter 4 provides the basics of the defense. It discusses the purposes and characteristics of the defense. It defines the three types of defensive operations. It addresses common defensive control measures and then discusses common defensive planning considerations by warfighting function. The chapter closes with a discussion of transitions to offensive or stability operations.Chapter 5 addresses those enabling operations that are not the subject of their own publications. Commanders conduct enabling operations as shaping or supporting efforts during decisive action, but they are not primarily offensive, defensive, and stability operations, or defense support of civil authorities tasks. Chapter 5 introduces reconnaissance, security operations, troop movement, relief in place, and passage of lines.ADP 3-90 is the proponent for many terms. Some terms have changed since the last version of ADP 3-90. The introductory table highlights new terms or modified definitions in this edition.

Download or read book Army Doctrine Publication Adp 3 90 Offense and Defense August 2018 written by United States Government U. S. Army and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-09 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual, Army Doctrine Publication ADP 3-90 Offense and Defense August 2018, augments the land operations doctrine established in ADRP 3-0 and FM 3-0. ADP 3-90 provides guidance in the form of combat tested concepts and ideas modified to exploit emerging Army and joint offensive and defensive capabilities. It provides additional information on the basic concepts and control measures associated with the art and science of tactics. ADP 3-90 provides the doctrine for the conduct of offensive and defensive tasks just as ADRP 3-07 provides doctrine for the conduct of stability tasks and ADRP 3-28 provides the doctrine for the defense support of civil authorities elements of decisive action. ADP 3-90 focuses on the organization of forces, minimum essential control measures, and general planning, preparation, and execution considerations for each primary offensive and defensive task. It is the common reference for all students of the art and science of tactics. Echelon-specific Army techniques publications address how each tactical echelon employs these tactical concepts. The principal audience for ADP 3-90 is all members of the profession of arms. Commanders and staffs of Army headquarters serving as a joint task force or multinational headquarters should also refer to applicable joint or multinational doctrine concerning the range of military operations. Trainers and educators throughout the Army will also use this publication. ADP 3-90 uses joint terms where applicable. Selected joint and Army terms and definitions appear in both the glossary and the text. Terms for which ADP 3-90 is the proponent publication (the authority) are marked with an asterisk (*) in the glossary and are boldfaced in the text. For other definitions shown in the text, the term is italicized and the number of the proponent publication follows the definition in parentheses. ADP 3-90 applies to the Active Army, Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and United States Army Reserve unless otherwise stated. The proponent of ADP 3-90 is the United States Army Combined Arms Center. The preparing agency is the Combined Arms Doctrine Directorate, U.S. Army Combined Arms Center.

Download or read book Offense and Defense ADP 3 90 written by Headquarters Department of the Army and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-10-09 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This field manual, Army Doctrine Publication ADP 3-90 Offense and Defense July 2019, articulates how Army forces conduct the offense and defense. It contains the fundamental tactics related to the execution of these elements of decisive action. Tactics employs, orders arrangement of, and directs actions of forces in relation to each other. Commanders select tactics that place their forces in positions of relative advantage. The selected tactics support the attainment of goals. Tactics create multiple dilemmas for an enemy allowing the friendly commander to defeat the enemy in detail. Successful tactics require synchronizing all the elements of combat power.ADP 3-90 is the introductory reference for all Army professionals studying the art and science of tactics.

Download or read book Army Doctrine Reference Publication ADRP 3 90 Offense and Defense August 2012 written by United States Government US Army and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-09-09 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Army Doctrine Reference Publication (ADRP) 3-90 provides guidance in the form of combat-tested concepts and ideas modified to exploit emerging Army and joint offensive and defensive capabilities. ADRP 3-90 expounds on the doctrine established in Army Doctrine Publication (ADP) 3-90. It provides additional information on the basic concepts and control measures associated with the art and science of tactics. ADRP 3-90 provides the doctrine for the conduct of offensive and defensive tasks, just as ADRP 3-07 provides doctrine for the conduct of stability tasks and Field Manual (FM) 3-28 provides the doctrine for defense support of civil authorities. Offensive and defensive tasks conducted as part of joint operations within the geographic limits of the U.S. and its territories are referred to in joint doctrine as homeland defense. (See Joint Publication [JP] 3-27.) The principal audience for ADRP 3-90 is all members of the profession of arms. Commanders and staffs of Army headquarters serving as a joint task force or multinational headquarters should also refer to applicable joint or multinational doctrine concerning the range of military operations and joint or multinational forces. Trainers and educators throughout the Army will also use this manual. ADRP 3-90 focuses on the organization of forces, minimum essential control measures, and general planning, preparation, and execution considerations for each primary offensive and defensive task. It is the common reference for all students of the art and science of tactics, both in the field and the Army school system. The offensive and defensive considerations in this manual apply to small tactical units, such as companies and battalions, even though most of the figures in this manual use the division and the brigade combat team (BCT) echelons to illustrate points in the text. Echelon specific field manuals and Army techniques publications address the specifics of how each tactical echelon employs these tactical concepts. Commanders, staffs, and subordinates ensure their decisions and actions comply with applicable U.S., international, and, in some cases, host-nation laws and regulations. Commanders at all levels ensure their Soldiers operate in accordance with the law of war and the rules of engagement. (See FM 27-10.) ADRP 3-90 implements standardization agreement (STANAG) Allied Tactical Publication-3.2.1 ADRP 3-90 uses joint terms where applicable. Selected joint and Army terms and definitions appear in both the glossary and the text. Terms for which ADRP 3-90 is the proponent publication (the authority) are marked with an asterisk (*) in the glossary. Definitions for which ADRP 3-90 is the proponent publication are boldfaced in the text. For other definitions shown in the text, the term is italicized and the number of the proponent publication follows the definition. ADRP 3-90 applies to the Active Army, the Army National Guard (ARNG) /the Army National Guard of the United States (ARNGUS), and the United States Army Reserve (USAR) unless otherwise stated. The proponent of ADRP 3-90 is the United States Army Combined Arms Center. The preparing agency is the Combined Arms Doctrine Directorate, U.S. Army Combined Arms Center.

Download or read book Army Doctrine Publication ADP 3 90 OFFENSE and DEFENSE written by Department Of DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY and published by . This book was released on 2020-05-03 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Army Doctrine Publication ADP 3-90 OFFENSE AND DEFENSE JULY 2019 Notice: This is a Paperback book version of the "Army Doctrine Publication ADP 3-90 OFFENSE AND DEFENSE JULY 2019". Full version, All Chapters included. This publication is available (Electronic version) in the official website of the United states HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY. This document is properly formatted and printed as a perfect sized copy 8.5x11. * The version of this publication is as described above (this article is updated after each new edition). Disclaimer: "The use or appearance of United States Department of Army publications, text, images or logos on a non-Federal Government website does not imply or constitute Department of Army endorsement of the distribution service."

Download or read book Adp 3 90 Offense and Defense written by United States United States Department of the Army Headquarters and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tactics is the employment and ordered arrangement of forces in relation to each other (CJCSM 5120.01). Through tactics, commanders use combat power to accomplish missions. The tactical-level commander employs combat power in the conduct of engagements and battles. This section addresses the tactical level of war, the art and science of tactics, and hasty versus deliberate operations.

Download or read book ADP 3 90 Offense and Defense written by United States United States Army and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-07 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ADP 3-90 augments the land operations doctrine established in ADRP 3-0 and FM 3-0. ADP 3-90 provides guidance in the form of combat tested concepts and ideas modified to exploit emerging Army and joint offensive and defensive capabilities. It provides additional information on the basic concepts and control measures associated with the art and science of tactics. ADP 3-90 provides the doctrine for the conduct of offensive and defensive tasks just as ADRP 3-07 provides doctrine for the conduct of stability tasks and ADRP 3-28 provides the doctrine for the defense support of civil authorities elements of decisive action. ADP 3-90 focuses on the organization of forces, minimum essential control measures, and general planning, preparation, and execution considerations for each primary offensive and defensive task. It is the common reference for all students of the art and science of tactics. Echelon-specific Army techniques publications address how each tactical echelon employs these tactical concepts.

Download or read book Adp 3 90 Offense and Defense written by U S Army and published by . This book was released on 2021-04-10 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ADP 3-90 augments the land operations doctrine established in ADP 3-0 and FM 3-0. It provides additional information on the basic concepts and control measures associated with the art and science of tactics. ADP 3-90 provides the doctrine for the conduct of offensive and defensive operations, just as ADP 3-07 provides doctrine for the conduct of stability operations, and ADP 3-28 provides the doctrine for the defense support of civil authorities tasks.

Download or read book Stability ADP 3 07 written by Headquarters Department of the Army and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-09-27 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Army Doctrine Publication (ADP) 3-07, Stability, is the Army's doctrine for stability operations tasks. ADP 3-07 presents overarching doctrinal guidance and direction for conducting stability operations in operations. It establishes the foundation for developing other fundamentals and tactics, techniques, and procedures detailed in subordinate doctrinal publications. See the introductory figure on page iv for an illustrated overview of ADP 3-07. ADP 3-07 provides the doctrine for the conduct of stability operations, just as ADP 3-90, Offense and Defense, provides doctrine for the conduct of offensive and defensive operations. The doctrine in ADP 3-07 provides a foundation for the Army's operational concept of unified land operations. This publication also forms the foundation for training and Army education curricula on stability operations tasks in operations.

Download or read book Army Doctrine Publication ADP 3 07 Stability July 2019 written by United States Government Us Army and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-18 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual, Army Doctrine Publication ADP 3-07 Stability July 2019, is the Army's doctrine for stability operations tasks. ADP 3-07 presents overarching doctrinal guidance and direction for conducting stability operations in operations. It establishes the foundation for developing other fundamentals and tactics, techniques, and procedures detailed in subordinate doctrinal publications. See the introductory figure on page iv for an illustrated overview of ADP 3-07. ADP 3-07 provides the doctrine for the conduct of stability operations, just as ADP 3-90, Offense and Defense, provides doctrine for the conduct of offensive and defensive operations. The doctrine in ADP 3-07 provides a foundation for the Army's operational concept of unified land operations. This publication also forms the foundation for training and Army education curricula on stability operations tasks in operations.The principal audience for ADP 3-07 is members of the profession of arms who command Army forces or serve on the staffs that support those commanders. It also applies to Army Civilian leaders and theater support personnel, including contractors. This publication is also intended to serve as a resource for the other government agencies, intergovernmental organizations, international organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and private sector entities who seek to better understand the role of the military in broader stability efforts. Trainers and educators throughout the Army will also use this publication. ADP 3-07 supports the North Atlantic Treaty Organization letter of promulgation for Allied Joint Publication-3.4.5, Allied Joint Doctrine for the Military Contribution to Stabilization and Reconstruction. ADP 3-07 uses joint terms where applicable. Most terms with joint or Army definitions are in both the glossary and the text. Terms for which ADP 3-07 is the proponent publication (the authority) are marked with an asterisk (*) in the glossary. When first defined in the text, terms for which ADP 3-07 is the proponent publication are boldfaced and italicized, and definitions are boldfaced. When first defining other proponent definitions in the text, the term is italicized and the number of the proponent publication follows the definition. ADP 3-07 applies to the Active Army, Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and United States Army Reserve unless otherwise stated.

Download or read book Field Manual FM 3 90 1 Offense and Defense Volume 1 Change 2 April 2015 written by United States Government US Army and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-05-05 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field Manual FM 3-90-1 Offense and Defense Volume 1 Change 2 April 2015 contributes to the Army and joint community by providing guidance on the conduct of the offense and defense. It describes both combat-tested tactics and procedures that have been modified to exploit emerging Army and joint offensive and defensive capabilities. FM 3-90-1 expounds on the doctrinal fundamentals established in Army Doctrine Reference Publication (ADRP) 3-90. ADRP 3-90 must be read before reading FM 3-90-1, since that is where doctrine for the conduct of offensive and defensive tasks and the art and science of tactics is found. FM 3-90-1 addresses the basic tactics associated with the conduct of offensive and defensive tasks. The principal audience for FM 3-90-1 is all members of the profession of arms. Commanders and staffs of Army headquarters serving as a joint task force or multinational headquarters should also refer to applicable joint or multinational doctrine concerning the range of military operations and joint or multinational forces. Trainers and educators throughout the Army will also use this publication. FM 3-90-1 focuses on the organization of forces, minimum essential control measures, and general planning, preparation, and execution considerations for each primary offensive and defensive task. It is the common reference for all students of the art and science of tactics, both in the field and the Army school system. The offensive and defensive considerations in this publication apply to small tactical units, such as companies and battalions, even though most of the figures in this publication use the division and the brigade combat team (BCT) echelons to illustrate points in the text. Echelon-specific field manuals and Army techniques publications address the specifics of how each tactical echelon employs these tactical concepts.

Download or read book Army Leadership and the Profession ADP 6 22 written by Headquarters Department of the Army and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-10-09 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ADP 6-22 describes enduring concepts of leadership through the core competencies and attributes required of leaders of all cohorts and all organizations, regardless of mission or setting. These principles reflect decades of experience and validated scientific knowledge.An ideal Army leader serves as a role model through strong intellect, physical presence, professional competence, and moral character. An Army leader is able and willing to act decisively, within superior leaders' intent and purpose, and in the organization's best interests. Army leaders recognize that organizations, built on mutual trust and confidence, accomplish missions. Every member of the Army, military or civilian, is part of a team and functions in the role of leader and subordinate. Being a good subordinate is part of being an effective leader. Leaders do not just lead subordinates-they also lead other leaders. Leaders are not limited to just those designated by position, rank, or authority.

Download or read book Making the Soldier Decisive on Future Battlefields written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. military does not believe its soldiers, sailors, airmen, and marines should be engaged in combat with adversaries on a "level playing field." Our combat individuals enter engagements to win. To that end, the United States has used its technical prowess and industrial capability to develop decisive weapons that overmatch those of potential enemies. In its current engagement-what has been identified as an "era of persistent conflict"- the nation's most important weapon is the dismounted soldier operating in small units. Today's soldier must be prepared to contend with both regular and irregular adversaries. Results in Iraq and Afghanistan show that, while the U.S. soldier is a formidable fighter, the contemporary suite of equipment and support does not afford the same high degree of overmatch capability exhibited by large weapons platforms-yet it is the soldier who ultimately will play the decisive role in restoring stability. Making the Soldier Decisive on Future Battlefields establishes the technical requirements for overmatch capability for dismounted soldiers operating individually or in small units. It prescribes technological and organizational capabilities needed to make the dismounted soldier a decisive weapon in a changing, uncertain, and complex future environment and provides the Army with 15 recommendations on how to focus its efforts to enable the soldier and tactical small unit (TSU) to achieve overmatch.

Download or read book Field Manual FM 3 99 Airborne and Air Assault Operations March 2015 written by United States Government US Army and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-03-29 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication, Army Field Manual FM 3-99 Airborne and Air Assault Operations establishes doctrine to govern the activities and performance of Army forces in forcible entry (specifically airborne and air assault operations) and provides the doctrinal basis for vertical envelopment and follow-on operations. This publication provides leaders with descriptive guidance on how Army forces conduct vertical envelopment within the simultaneous combination of offense, defense, and stability. These doctrinal principles are intended to be used as a guide and are not to be considered prescriptive. FM 3-99 encompasses tactics for Army airborne and air assault operations and describes how commanders plan, prepare, and conduct airborne and air assault operations by means of joint combined arms operations. This publication supersedes FM 90-26, Airborne Operations and Army Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures 3-18.12, Air Assault Operations. To comprehend the doctrine contained in this publication, readers must first understand the principles of war, the nature of unified land operations, and the links between the operational and tactical levels of war described in Joint Publication (JP) 3-0, Army Doctrine Publication (ADP) 3-0, and Army Doctrine Reference Publication (ADRP) 3-0. The reader must understand the fundamentals of the operations process found in ADP and ADRP 5-0 associated with the conduct of offensive and defensive tasks contained in FM 3-90-1 and reconnaissance, security, and tactical enabling tasks contained in FM 3-90-2. In addition the reader must also fully understand the principles of mission command as described in ADP 6-0 and ADRP 6-0 and command and staff organization and operations found in FM 6-0. The principal audience for FM 3-99 is the commanders, staff, officers, and noncommissioned officers (NCOs) of the brigade, battalions, and companies within the brigade combat team. The audience also includes the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command institutions and components, and the United States Army Special Operations Command. It serves as an authoritative reference for personnel developing doctrine, materiel and force structure, institutional and unit training, and standard operating procedures (SOPs) for airborne or air assault operations. This publication applies to the Active Army, the Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States, and the United States Army Reserve unless otherwise stated.

Download or read book Field Manual FM 3 90 2 Reconnaissance Security and Tactical Enabling Tasks Volume 2 March 2013 written by United States Government US Army and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-04-05 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field Manual (FM) 3-90-2 contributes to the Army and joint community by providing guidance on the conduct of reconnaissance, security, and other tactical enabling tasks. It provides guidance in the form of combat-tested tactics and procedures for tactical enabling tasks modified to exploit emerging Army and joint offensive and defensive capabilities. FM 3-90-2 expounds on the doctrinal fundamentals established in Army Doctrine Reference Publication (ADRP) 3-90. ADRP 3-90 and FM 3-90-1 must be read before reading FM 3-90-2, since that is where the doctrine and tactics for the conduct of offensive and defensive tasks and the art and science of tactics is found. FM 3-90-2 addresses the basic tactics associated with the conduct of tactical enabling tasks. The principal audience for FM 3-90-2 is all members of the profession of arms. Commanders and staffs of Army headquarters serving as a joint task force or multinational headquarters should also refer to applicable joint or multinational doctrine concerning the range of military operations and joint or multinational forces. Trainers and educators throughout the Army will also use this publication. FM 3-90-2 focuses on the organization of forces, minimum essential control measures, and general planning, preparation, and execution considerations for each tactical enabling task not the subject of its own publication. It is the common reference for those tactical enabling tasks that it addresses for all students of the art and science of tactics, both in the field and the Army school system. The considerations in this publication apply to small tactical units, such as companies and battalions, even though most of the figures in this publication use the division and the brigade combat team (BCT) echelons to illustrate points in the text. Echelon-specific field manuals and Army techniques publications address the specifics of how each tactical echelon conducts these tactical enabling tasks. FM 3-90-2 implements standardization agreement (STANAG) Allied Tactical Publication-3.2.1. Commanders, staffs, and subordinates ensure their decisions and actions comply with applicable U.S., international, and, in some cases, host-nation laws and regulations. Commanders at all levels ensure their Soldiers operate in accordance with the law of war and the rules of engagement. (See FM 27-10.) FM 3-90-2 uses joint terms where applicable. Selected joint and Army terms and definitions appear in both the glossary and the text. Terms for which FM 3-90-2 is the proponent publication (the authority) are marked with an asterisk (*) in the glossary. Definitions for which FM 3-90-2 is the proponent publication are boldfaced in the text. For other definitions shown in the text, the term is italicized and the number of the proponent publication follows the definition. FM 3-90-2 applies to the Active Army, the Army National Guard/the Army National Guard of the United States, and the U.S. Army Reserve unless otherwise stated. The proponent of FM 3-90-2 is the United States Army Combined Arms Center. The preparing agency is the Combined Arms Doctrine Directorate, U.S. Army Combined Arms Center.

Download or read book Musicians of Mars II written by United States Army and published by . This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is a sequel to CALL Publication 90-06, The Musicians of Mars: A Story of Synchronization for the Company/Team Commander, June 1990. This short story was written to emphasize critical synchronization tasks, combat leadership principles, and factors for consideration, primarily for company/team commanders but also for leaders throughout tactical-level units. The importance of integrating and synchronizing available combat power, both lethal and nonlethal, in the decisive action environment against potential hybrid threats is critical to unit success on the battlefield. Musicians of Mars II is written from the perspectives of two company/team commanders and the task force commander in a deliberate defense scenario against a fictional hybrid threat, based on current worldwide potential threats. It explores successes and shortcomings in the planning, preparation and execution of the defense, providing considerations and points of emphasis for tactical leaders.

Download or read book Urban Operations written by Department of the Army and published by . This book was released on 2014-03-28 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctrine provides a military organization with a common philosophy, a language, a purpose, and unity of effort. Rather than establishing a set of hard and fast rules, the objective of doctrine is to foster initiative and creative thinking. To this end, FM 3-06 discusses major Army operations in an urban environment. This environment, consisting of complex terrain, a concentrated population, and an infrastructure of systems, is an operational environment in which Army forces will operate. In the future, it may be the predominant operational environment. Each urban operation is unique and will differ because of the multitude of combinations presented by the threat, the urban area itself, the major operation of which it may be part (or the focus), and the fluidity of societal and geopolitical considerations. Therefore, there will always exist an innate tension between Army doctrine, the actual context of the urban operation, and future realities. Commanders must strike the proper balance between maintaining the capability to respond to current threats and preparing for future challenges.