Download or read book China s Civilian Army written by Peter Martin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The founder -- Shadow diplomacy -- War by other means -- Chasing respectability -- Between truth and lies -- Diplomacy in retreat -- Selective integration -- Rethinking capitalism -- The fightback -- Ambition realized -- Overreach.
Download or read book United States Armed Forces written by U S Army War College and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2015-12-21 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past 25 years, the foreign policy of the United States has changed dramatically from the darkness of isolation to the bright sunlight of world leadership and responsibility. As the foreign policy of the United States has shifted, the requirement for military participation in world affairs has increased in importance. It is quite obvious that the increase in the importance of the military in world affairs has not been accidental. The need for the power of the armed forces has existed in the United States from the day of its origin. The degree to which this power is required depends upon the nature of the intercourse with other countries in the diplomatic arena. This book discusses selected periods of United States history which have influenced the development of the nation as a world power. Primary emphasis is placed upon the influence of the armed forces upon the implementation of the American foreign policy.
Download or read book Army Diplomacy written by Walter M. Hudson and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2015-05-19 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the immediate aftermath of World War II, the United States Army became the principal agent of American foreign policy. The army designed, implemented, and administered the occupations of the defeated Axis powers Germany and Japan, as well as many other nations. Generals such as Lucius Clay in Germany, Douglas MacArthur in Japan, Mark Clark in Austria, and John Hodge in Korea presided over these territories as proconsuls. At the beginning of the Cold War, more than 300 million people lived under some form of U.S. military authority. The army's influence on nation-building at the time was profound, but most scholarship on foreign policy during this period concentrates on diplomacy at the highest levels of civilian government rather than the armed forces' governance at the local level. In Army Diplomacy, Hudson explains how U.S. Army policies in the occupied nations represented the culmination of more than a century of military doctrine. Focusing on Germany, Austria, and Korea, Hudson's analysis reveals that while the post–World War II American occupations are often remembered as overwhelming successes, the actual results were mixed. His study draws on military sociology and institutional analysis as well as international relations theory to demonstrate how "bottom-up" decisions not only inform but also create higher-level policy. As the debate over post-conflict occupations continues, this fascinating work offers a valuable perspective on an important yet underexplored facet of Cold War history.
Download or read book United States Armed Forces written by U. S. Army U.S. Army War College and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-04-24 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past 25 years, the foreign policy of the United States has changed dramatically from the darkness of isolation to the bright sunlight of world leadership and responsibility. As the foreign policy of the United States has shifted, the requirement for military participation in world affairs has increased in importance. It is quite obvious that the increase in the importance of the military in world affairs has not been accidental. The need for the power of the armed forces has existed in the United States from the day of its origin. The degree to which this power is required depends upon the nature of the intercourse with other countries in the diplomatic arena. This book discusses selected periods of United States history which have influenced the development of the nation as a world power. Primary emphasis is placed upon the influence of the armed forces upon the implementation of the American foreign policy.
Download or read book Conservative Internationalism written by Henry R. Nau and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-15 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debates about U.S. foreign policy have revolved around three main traditions--liberal internationalism, realism, and nationalism. In this book, distinguished political scientist Henry Nau delves deeply into a fourth, overlooked foreign policy tradition that he calls "conservative internationalism." This approach spreads freedom, like liberal internationalism; arms diplomacy, like realism; and preserves national sovereignty, like nationalism. It targets a world of limited government or independent "sister republics," not a world of great power concerts or centralized international institutions. Nau explores conservative internationalism in the foreign policies of Thomas Jefferson, James Polk, Harry Truman, and Ronald Reagan. These presidents did more than any others to expand the arc of freedom using a deft combination of force, diplomacy, and compromise. Since Reagan, presidents have swung back and forth among the main traditions, overreaching under Bush and now retrenching under Obama. Nau demonstrates that conservative internationalism offers an alternative way. It pursues freedom but not everywhere, prioritizing situations that border on existing free countries--Turkey, for example, rather than Iraq. It uses lesser force early to influence negotiations rather than greater force later after negotiations fail. And it reaches timely compromises to cash in military leverage and sustain public support. A groundbreaking revival of a neglected foreign policy tradition, Conservative Internationalism shows how the United States can effectively sustain global leadership while respecting the constraints of public will and material resources.
Download or read book The nexus between Public Diplomacy and Military Diplomacy in Foreign Affairs and Defense Policy written by Göran Swistek and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2012 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, grade: 2,1, , language: English, abstract: Public Diplomacy by the idea was implemented approximately 100 years ago as a purely civilian part of diplomacy, which aimed to inform foreign populations and citizens about the goals of countries foreign policy by the use of information and cultural programs. In the meaning of the Clausewitz philosophy, that the war “is the continuation of politics by other means”, the military was always linked to the diplomacy but never part of it. On the other hand Military Diplomacy for a long period was just the business for military attaches and their mission was to be “...the Nation`s eye and ears abroad in the days before satellite photography and sophisticated electronic collection techniques.” Along with the changes in the international theatre, regarding constellation of alliances, goals of foreign policies and threat assumptions, the content of Public Diplomacy has changed and its targeted programs expanded. At the same time the understanding and definition of security changed its content since the collapse of the Iron Curtain and the breakdown of the Soviet Union. Nowadays the term of a comprehensive approach marks the definition of security. Security is now an interconnection between civilian and military means and approaches, whilst the use military force remains a last resort. Therefore programs and means from the areas of Military and Public Diplomacy received an increased attention and a more prominent status. For this reason this essay will try to show the close relation of modern defense strategies, policies and diplomacies. The guiding research question for this essay therefore shall be: Is there in modern Foreign Affairs and Defense Policy a relation between Military Diplomacy and Public Diplomacy, and if so what characterizes this relation? Along that line this essay will try to study the nexus between Public Diplomacy and Military Diplomacy with the assumption that International Relations and Defense Policy’s are aiming on overlapping areas, especially when it comes to diplomacy. The hypothesis therefore can be encapsulates: without naming it in official policy documents and without a focused strategy, an area developed recently where Public Diplomacy and Military Diplomacy are going along together with a common tool set. Hereby the special case study of the German Armed Forces are should prove that they are already practicing Public Diplomacy within their military posture since decades.
Download or read book The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Military and Diplomatic History written by Timothy J. Lynch and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 1489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: •Entries written by renowned diplomatic and military historians as well as key scholars in international relations •Provides assessments and analyses of key episodes, issues and actors in the military and diplomatic history of the United States •Based on the award-winning Oxford Companion to United States History •Comprehensive collection of entries that span the founding of the U.S. to its present state •Offers a wide range of perspectives to provide an encompassing context of the United States' military and diplomatic legacies •Expansive bibliographies and suggested readings for each article to aid in research The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Military and Diplomatic History, a two-volume set, will offer both assessment and analysis of the key episodes, issues and actors in the military and diplomatic history of the United States. At a time of war, in which ongoing efforts to recalibrate American diplomacy are as imperative as they are perilous, the Oxford Encyclopedia will present itself as the first recourse for scholars wishing to deepen their understanding of the crucial features of the historical and contemporary foreign policy landscape and its perennially martial components. Entries will be written by the top diplomatic and military historians and key scholars of international relations from within the American academy, supplemented, as is appropriate for an encyclopedia of diplomacy, with entries from foreign-based academics, in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. The crucial importance of the subject is reflected in the popularity of university courses dedicated to diplomatic and military history and the enduring appeal of international relations (IR) as a political science discipline drawing on both. The Oxford Encyclopedia will be a basic reference tool across both disciplines - a potentially very significant market. Readership: University-level undergraduate and graduate students in History
Download or read book Defence Diplomacy and National Security Strategy written by Ian Liebenberg and published by AFRICAN SUN MeDIA. This book was released on 2020-04-20 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The post-cold war era presented security challenges that at one level are a continuation of the cold war era; at another level, these phenomena manifested in new forms. Whether the issues of economics and trade, transfer of technologies, challenges of intervention, or humanitarian crisis, the countries of the South (previously pejoratively labelled “Third World” or “developing” countries) have continued to address these challenges within the framework of their capabilities and concerns. The volume explores defence diplomacies, national security challenges and strategies, dynamics of diplomatic manoeuvers and strategic resource management of Latin American, southern African and Asian countries.
Download or read book Diplomacy and War at NATO written by Ryan C. Hendrickson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Examines the first four post-Cold War secretaries general-Manfred Wörner, Willy Claes, Javier Solana, and George Robertson. Drawing on interviews with former NATO ambassadors, alliance military leaders, and senior NATO officials, Hendrickson demonstrates that the secretary general is often the central diplomat in generating cooperation within NATO"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Defence Diplomacy in the Long War written by Patrick Blannin and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-08-10 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defence diplomacy enhances the diplomatic and security capacity of a state, providing the only link between executive office and the ministries of foreign affairs and defence, three vital institutions in the Long War. Using a case study of US defence diplomacy in Afghanistan from 2001-2014, the paper argues simply that the practice of defence diplomacy far outweighs current theories on what it is, how it works and why it matters?
Download or read book Defence Diplomacy written by Daniel H. Katz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-19 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes examples of strategic engagement in order to identify the factors which contribute to the success or failure of defence diplomacy in preventing interstate conflict. For more than a century, nations have engaged in defence diplomacy to cultivate mutual understanding and mitigate conflict. A subset of defence diplomacy is strategic engagement, defined as peacetime defence diplomacy between nations that are actual or potential adversaries. This book analyzes three cases of strategic engagement in order to elucidate the factors which contribute to the success or failure of this diplomacy in preventing conflict. It uses an inductive framework to compare strategic engagement in the following cases: Anglo– German defence diplomacy prior to World War I; U.S.–Soviet defence diplomacy during the Cold War; and post-Cold War U.S.–China defence diplomacy. Based upon archival, literature, and personal interview research, the book argues that defence diplomacy can mitigate the risk of interstate conflict between potential adversaries. The lessons learned from this book can be employed to discern the significant elements conducive to achieving a successful outcome of strategic engagement and averting conflict or even war. This book will be of much interest to students of defence studies, diplomacy studies, foreign policy and international relations.
Download or read book Armed Diplomacy Two Centuries of American Campaigning written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reshaping Defence Diplomacy written by Andrew Cottey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyses changing patterns of international military cooperation and assistance and shows that Western defence diplomacy is increasingly being directed towards new goals. The new defence diplomacy runs alongside the old and there are tensions between the two, in particular between the new goal of promoting democracy and the old imperative of supporting authoritarian allies.
Download or read book Reshaping Defence Diplomacy written by Andrew Cottey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyses changing patterns of international military cooperation and assistance and shows that Western defence diplomacy is increasingly being directed towards new goals. The new defence diplomacy runs alongside the old and there are tensions between the two, in particular between the new goal of promoting democracy and the old imperative of supporting authoritarian allies.
Download or read book Military Soft Power written by Carol Atkinson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The military has long been associated with hard power, yet it is engaged in public diplomacy as it represents the U.S. abroad and facilitates the diffusion of ideas. Military Soft Power examines one such aspect of U.S. public diplomacy: how the United States extends its influence or “soft power” worldwide through military educational exchange programs hosted by the United States’ elite military schools, its war and staff colleges. The presence of international officers at U.S. military schools is substantial, yet very little is known about the long-term impacts of these exchanges. This study shows how the exchanges build personal and professional networks that then serve as important conduits of ideas between the United States and other countries. These networks help to improve interoperability between the U.S. military and its partner nations and to extend U.S. influence through military soft power rather than through hard power. This is an alternative bottom-up view of how military organizations can influence political processes and decisions through the development of cross-border communities of military professionals. This involves a two-step model of socialization. First, individuals (military officers) are socialized by a large political institution (the U.S. through its war and staff colleges). Second, these individuals function as idea entrepreneurs, bringing new ideas, beliefs, and practices home with them. There is a need for policies and programs that help countries successfully transition from authoritarian governance to democratic rule as well as countries undergoing democratic revolutions and those seeking more gradual change. Exchange programs are one pathway, in which an important group of citizens (military officers and their families) can experience the everyday functioning of democratic practices and institutions. This unique survey provides timely insights into the important political impacts of military exchange programs and how military institutions and their personnel influence international politics beyond simply being used as an instrument of coercion.
Download or read book Military Diplomacy in the Dual Alliance written by Tim Hadley and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2015-12-24 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book challenges current thinking about the outbreak of World War I and the course of German foreign policy since Bismarck’s chancellorship. In 1914, Germany's opening offensives against France were to be accompanied by a simultaneous offensive by her ally, Austria-Hungary, against Russia. The Austrian offensive was intended to hold the Russians until Germany defeated the French—six weeks, no more. Then, the German army would turn east to support the Austrians. The Austrian offensive was a catastrophic failure. After only days of fighting Russia, Germany was obliged to send troops to support Austria lest she capitulate while most of the German army was still in France. The Austrian army’s severe deficiencies were a constant drain on the German effort throughout the war. After the war, German memoirists and historians claimed that the German leadership had been unaware of these deficiencies before the war broke out. These claims have been accepted by historians down to today. The book presents recently re-discovered documentary evidence that the German general staff and Germany’s political leadership had known of the Austrian army’s weaknesses for decades before the war. The book also reveals a new perspective of Bismarck’s diplomacy beginning shortly after he engineered the Dual Alliance between the two countries in 1879. It demonstrates that as early as 1882 Bismarck became aware that the Austrian army was far weaker than assumed when he concluded the alliance. It was primarily his concern about Austria’s weakness that spurred Bismarck’s energetic diplomacy, seeking alliances and understandings with other countries in the region, and which became the main consideration that guided his foreign policy from then on. For if Austria suffered a defeat, Germany would find itself alone between two dangerous powers: France and Russia. The consequences of his policies resulted in peace down to his departure in 1890. His successors, for a variety of reasons addressed in the book, were not as careful, ignored Austria’s weaknesses despite the warnings of the military attachés, and permitted Austria to become involved in a war. The result was tragically foreseeable.
Download or read book Defense and Diplomacy written by Alfred Vagts and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
