Download or read book Arguments against the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU written by Kenân Özkara and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2006-04-12 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 2,0, Leuven Catholic University, language: English, abstract: Executive Summary Initiated in 1962, the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is a system of agricultural subsidies. These subsidies work by guaranteeing a minimum price to producers, by deficiency payments or by direct income payments. The purpose of this paper is to question this policy by analyzing several impacts. As a result, we come to following main findings: The CAP causes budget troubles and costly disposal problems. Although agriculture is a declining sector that provides only about 4% of European jobs and 2% of European GDP, it is still provided with 46% of the EU budget in 2005. Furthermore, it is financed at the expense of consumers and taxpayers. The EU export subsidies and the dumping cause worldwide distortions in the agricultural sector. Moreover, CAP policy makers use misleading justifications of their practices. Although the CAP is often promoted as helping small family farms, the largest part of it goes to huge commercial corporations and to some royal families. The distribution is unequal to the degree that 20 % of the farms (i.e. the largest farms) get 80 % of the benefits. The smallest farms (40 % of the total number) share only 8 %. As such, small family farms receive subsidies of quite an insignificant nature. The CAP has encouraged the industrialization of agriculture, giving rise to factory farming practices and widespread animal suffering. The problem was that industrial farming led to more intensive use of land and chemicals. Former reforms caused the EU to proceed from price supports to direct income subsidies. Thus, the CAP could be gradually improved, but today there still remain a lot of problems inherent, that allow to question the “raison d’être” of the CAP. [...]

Download or read book The Common Agricultural Policy written by Wyn Grant and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 1997-06-30 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive analysis of the Common Agricultural Policy which imposes high costs on taxpayers and consumers yet has proved very difficult to reform. Particular emphasis is placed on new developments affecting the shape of the CAP, including the outcome of the GATT Uruguay Round negotiations, Eastern enlargement, and developments in environmental policy. A distinctive feature of the book is the attention given to situating European agriculture within its global context and in relation to the food processing and agricultural supply industries.

Download or read book The Political Economy of the 2014 2020 Common Agricultural Policy written by Johan F.M. Swinnen and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-07-30 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After five years of debates, consultations and negotiations, the European institutions reached an agreement in 2013 on the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) for the 2014-2020 period. The outcome has major implications for the EU’s budget and farmers’ incomes, but also for Europe’s environment, its contribution to global climate change and to food security in the EU and in the world. It was decided to spend more than €400 billion during the rest of the decade on the CAP. The official claims are that the new CAP will take better account of society's expectations and lead to far-reaching changes by making subsidies fairer and ‘greener’ and making the CAP more efficient. It is also asserted that the CAP will play a key part in achieving the overall objective of promoting smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. However, there is significant scepticism about these claims and disappointment with the outcome of the decision-making, the first in which the European Parliament was involved under the co-decision procedure. In contrast to earlier reforms where more substantive changes were made to the CAP, the factors that induced the policy discussions in 2008-13 and those that influenced the decision-making did not reinforce each other. On the contrary, they sometimes counteracted one another, yielding an ‘imperfect storm’ as it were, resulting in more status quo and fewer changes. This book discusses the outcome of the decision-making and the factors that influenced the policy choices and decisions. It brings together contributions from leading academics from various disciplines and policy-makers, and key participants in the process from the European Commission and the European Parliament.

Download or read book The Common Agricultural Policy of the European Community written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1988-11-25 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter discusses principles and consequences of the common agricultural policy (CAP) of the European Community (EC). It shows that agricultural pricing policies aimed at supporting farm incomes were already in place in EC member countries before the inception of the CAP; indeed, in the presence of these policies, the CAP was a logical consequence of the extension of the common market to the agricultural sector. Thus, the flaws of the CAP can be traced back to national policies and attitudes toward agriculture. Recognition of the burden of agricultural support on the rest of the economy, as well as the growing budgetary costs, has elicited a greater public interest in the CAP. Equally, the trade frictions caused by export subsidies have underlined the CAP's international implications. For these reasons, the member states appear more determined than hitherto to bring agricultural expenditure under control. Given the wider effects of the CAP both on EC economies and the international community, it is to be hoped that current efforts at reform will be successful.

Download or read book Critically Assess Attempts by the Eu to Reform the Common Agricultural Policy written by Veronika Minkova and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-10 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 1,7, King s College London, language: English, abstract: The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has been the centre of controversy throughout its history and has proven highly expensive and difficult to reform. The CAP remained almost entirely unchanged from its establishment at the Stresa Conference in July 1958 during more than 30 years and then was substantially reformed between 1992 and 2003. For many years with the status of the only common European Community policy governed by EU institutions, CAP is predisposed to complexity, which stems from the original policy design. Chapter 3 seeks to answer the question: 'What was the motivation for setting up the initial CAP design', which can give insight of the reform steps in the light of the initial policy base. By taking account of the context in which the CAP is implemented, namely the European integration, domestic developments and exogenous factors, Chapter 4 attempts to grasp the dynamics of the three major CAP reforms: MacSharry reform, Agenda 2000, and Fischler reform. The next chapter identifies the determinants of CAP reform. In line with the historical institutionalist perspective, Chapter 6 discusses causes for path dependence and policy feedback mechanisms. Finally, in regard to the growing use of the notion 'European agricultural model', the final chapter answers the question of whether the subsequent CAP reforms led to a policy paradigm shift.

Download or read book The Political Economy of the Common Agricultural Policy written by Fernando Collantes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the balance of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy more than half a century after its birth? Does it illustrate the virtues of the European model of coordinated capitalism, as opposed to US-style liberal capitalism? Or is it an incoherent set of instruments that exert diverse negative impacts and, like Frankenstein’s monster, seems to have escaped the control of its designers? The Political Economy of the Common Agricultural Policy does not criticize the CAP from the liberal standpoint that views most public interventions in the economy as bad for efficiency and welfare. The CAP has been costly to Europeans, both as consumers and as taxpayers, and has also generated a number of negative impacts upon third countries, but these costs and impacts have been more moderate than is suggested. This book proposes that the issue with the CAP is not a generic problem of coordinating capitalism but, instead, a more specific problem of low-quality coordination. The text argues that profound reform of the European Union’s institutions and policies is required to counter the rapid rise of a more Eurosceptical state of mind but – in the case of agricultural policy – history casts serious doubts on the capacity of the European network of agriculture-related politicians to lead such a reform. This key work is essential reading for researchers, graduate students, and master’s level docents of the Common Agricultural Policy and – more broadly – European Union policy and reform.

Download or read book Agricultural Policy in Europe written by Alan Greer and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2005-05-20 with total page 1176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a stimulating account of agricultural policy which goes beyond a narrow concern with the mechanisms and operation of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), and instead constructs a broader canvas, developing an assessment of the relationship between national, international and supranational institutions and actors in the agricultural sector. Among the theses covered by the book are: the different national policy styles across Europe in this sector; the evolution of the CAP; safety and regulation, the environment, and technological developments in food production such as genetic engineering.

Download or read book Environmental Policy Integration written by Andrea Lenschow and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating environmental policies into the policies of all other sectors is the core European environmental policy. But there has been no thorough investigation of the political process involved. This volume provides the first. It analyses the process of policy integration - the greening of public policy - across the relevant sectors and countries. It finds significant variation from sector to sector and from country to country, and analyses the reasons for this. (Surprisingly the UK, traditionally the 'dirty man' of Europe is far more actively engaged than environmental 'progressives' such as Germany.) It identifies the obstacles to integration and offers solutions for policy formulation, decision making and implementation at the relevant political levels.

Download or read book The Common Agricultural Policy written by Brian E. Hill and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-26 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1984, this book provides an introduction to the history of agriculture in Western Europe, states the case for government intervention and analyses the operation of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) during the late 20th Century. It concludes that the costs of the policy fell heavily on the poorer consumers, food prices were artificially high and surpluses sold at a loss on the world markets. In the light of Britain’s departure from the EU and the EU CAP this book, which also examined the prospects for the future has an enduring relevance.

Download or read book European Agriculture written by Brian Gardner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-04-10 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is central to both economic and environmental developments in Europe. But with the advent of new environmental legislation and political change in Europe the CAP faces increasing pressure to reform. European Agriculture provides a comprehensive breakdown of the workings of the CAP and its impact on farming in Europe. The author discusses every aspect of European agricultural policy, production and trade, from environmental contraints and the impact of biotechnology, to the role of European farming in the world food supply system. Posing direct questions about the recent 1992 agricultural reform, the 1994 GATT agreement and the reasons for the expensive continuation of the CAP, European Agriculture analyses the economic, political and environmental implications of pursuing present farming policy and provides a provocative commentary on the agricultural future of Europe.

Download or read book Transforming Masculine Rule written by Elisabeth M Prugl and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The premise of mainstreaming gender is to bring equality concerns into every aspect of policy-making, and this brave book offers a close look at how feminists have taken up the challenge to transform the hidden dynamics of male domination in agricultural policy in Europe. In contrast to the automatic assumption that (neo)liberal policy always works against women’s interests, Prügl demonstrates the potential for feminist ju-jitsu to take advantage of multiple levels of governance to empower women in some circumstances. Although feminists were not always successful, the story of their efforts to remake agricultural policy should encourage activists to look for points of leverage in this and other contested and changing multilevel power systems." ---Myra Marx Ferree, University of Wisconsin "Information on policy development, conflicts about improving the status of farm women, and using rural development policies to foster gender equality is hard to access in English and extremely useful for researchers concerned with the specifics of gender equality policy in the EU." ---Alison Woodward, Institute for European Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussel "This book is a must-read for scholars interested in the gendered process of global restructuring. Elisabeth Prügl succeeds superbly in teasing out the power politics involved in European agricultural policy. Through the lens of a feminist-constructivist approach, she makes visible the multiple mechanisms of gendered power within the state. This very lucid narrative is a milestone in a new generation of feminist theoretical scholarship." ---Brigitte Young, University of Muenster, Germany Taking West and East Germany as case studies, Elisabeth Prügl shows how European agricultural policy has cemented long-standing gender-based inequalities and how feminists have used liberalization as an opportunity to challenge such inequalities. Through a comparison of the EU’s rural development program known as LEADER as it played out in the Altmark region in the German East and in the Danube/Bavarian Forest region in the West, Prügl provides a close-up view of the power politics involved in government policies and programs. In identifying mechanisms of power (refusal, co-optation, compromise, normalization, and silencing of difference), Prügl illustrates how these mechanisms operate in arguments over gender relations within the state. Her feminist-constructivist approach to global restructuring as a gendered process brings into view multiple levels of governance and the variety of gender constructions operating in different societies. Ultimately, Prügl offers a new understanding of patriarchy as diverse, contested, and in flux. Jacket photograph: © iStockphoto.com/Wojtek Kryczka

Download or read book Mid Term Review of the Common Agricultural Policy written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. European Union Committee and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) was introduced in 1962 in order to address the strategic need for food security in Europe, with key objectives to increase agricultural productivity to ensure a fair standard of living for agricultural producers; to stabilise markets and ensure availability of supplies; and secure reasonable prices to consumers. There is now common agreement within the EU that major reforms of an increasingly unsustainable CAP are needed to address market distortions, especially in the light of imminent EU enlargement. The European Commission introduced proposals in June 2002 for a mid-term CAP review, which include the decoupling of agricultural production and subsidies, ensuring payments address cross-compliance with environmental and food safety, and revising rural development policy. The Committee's report focuses on an examination of the external aspects of CAP reform with regards to: EU enlargement, implications for WTO negotiations, their impact on less developed countries and sustainability aspects.

Download or read book Snouts in the Trough written by Michael Atkin and published by Woodhead Publishing Limited. This book was released on 1993 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Perfect Storm written by Johan F. M. Swinnen and published by CEPS. This book was released on 2008 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Common Agricultural Policy and the European Union s Enlargement to Eastern and Central Europe written by Lorena Ruano and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agricultural Economics and the CAP written by Paul Brassley and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1997-03-21 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For an industry which accounts for a small and decreasing proportion of the output of the European economy, agriculture gets a large slice of the European Union's budget and accounts for many of the political arguments which beset that organisation. Every family in the European Union has its food prices determined by the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the incomes of millions of farmers across Europe depend on the decisions made by those who control it. Yet few understand why the CAP exists, or on what basic principles it is managed. This book offers a simple and concise guide to the economics (and relevant history and politics) of the agricultural industry and the CAP. Assuming no knowledge of economic theory, it covers the economics of agriculture and provides an intelligible outline of the CAP's main features.

Download or read book Outlook on the common agricultural policy of the European Union written by Christian Manthe and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2003-08-06 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: The focus of the thesis is the Direct Payments Systems of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union as introduced as part of the MacSharry reform and extended under the Agenda 2000. The objective is to analyse the current system and the proposals made by the Commission in January 2003 regarding a decoupling of these payments. The Common Agricultural Policy was one of the first policies developed in the European Union, and one of those regulated in the greatest detail. Among the European Union's policies, the CAP is regarded as one of the most important policy areas. This is justified not only because of its share of the EU budget, the vast number of people and the extent of the territory directly affected, but also because of its symbolic significance and the extent of sovereignty transferred from the national to the European level. The significance of the CAP, nowadays, is also portrayed by the fact that it is directly related to the Single Market and the EMU, two key areas in achieving the European integration. The objective of the CAP was to support the agricultural sector in the Member States. The second chapter of this thesis will provide general legal background information on the institutions of the EU and the functioning of the decision-making processes with regards to the agricultural sector. The history of the CAP, it s functioning, the reasons for its creation and some general information will be outlined in chapter 3. Special emphasis will be on the common market organisations, the second pillar of the CAP, the rural development policy and the system of Direct Payments. The history will also cover the Agenda 2000, the Mid-term review and especially the latest reform proposals of the EU in January 2003. The proposals with regard to the Direct Payments, such as the decoupling and the modulation, will be subject to a closer analysis in chapter 7. The chapter 4 covers the EU enlargement and gives an overview of the new challenges arising by that for the EU. Even though the consequences of the enlargement are significant in some areas of the CAP, this thesis will not provide a closer analysis of all the dimensions. The topic of the EU enlargement itself is too extensive to be covered by a single chapter. The focus of this thesis is on the Direct Payment system of the CAP and thus the consequences of EU enlargement will only be portrayed on this background. Chapter 6 provides a short evaluation of [...]