Download or read book Area Navigation and Required Navigation Performance Procedures and Depictions written by U.s. Department of Transportation and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-12 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Area navigation (RNAV) and required navigation performance (RNP) procedures are fundamental to the implementation of a performance based navigation (PBN) system, which is a key enabling technology for the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). As new RNAV and RNP procedures are developed, they are published as chartsfor use by appropriately qualified pilots. These chartsand procedures describe paths that must be flown preciselyfor improveduse ofairspace and safety.In this document, we considerhow chartsfor both conventional and PBN procedures are designedfrom ahuman factors perspective.First, we document current charting challenges and mitigation strategies. Next, wedescribe areview ofprocedures thatwas done to discover whichfeatures wererelated to difficulty of use or visual complexity. The moredifficult instrument approachcharts depict procedures with moreflight paths, path segments, and radius-to-fix legs.Standard instrument departure procedures that are more difficult show more flight paths. Standard terminal arrival route procedures that are more difficult have more total altitude constraints and path segments.Finally, we describe the process for designing and implementing new instrument procedures, whichinvolves significant coordination both inside and outside the government

Download or read book Area Navigation and Required Navigation Performance Procedures and Depictions written by Divya C. Chandra and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Abstract: Area navigation (RNAV) and required navigation performance (RNP) procedures are fundamental to the implementation of a performance based navigation (PBN) system, which is a key enabling technology for the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). As new RNAV and RNP procedures are developed, they are published a charts for use by appropriately qualified pilots. These charts and procedures describe paths that must be flown precisely for improved use of airspace and safety. In this document, we consider how charts for both conventional and PBN procedures are designed from a human factors perspective. First, we document current charting challenges and mitigation strategies. Next, we describe a review of procedures that was done to discover which features were related to difficulty of use or visual complexity. The more difficult instrument approach charts depict procedures with more flight paths, path segments, and radius-to-fix legs. Standard instrument departure procedures that are more difficult show more flight paths. Standard terminal arrival route procedures that are more difficult have more total altitude constraints and path segments. Finally, we describe the process for designing and implementing new instrument procedures, which involves significant coordination both inside and outside government."--Technical report documentation page.

Download or read book Evaluation of a Technique to Simplify Area Navigation and Required Navigation Performance Charts written by Divya C. Chandra and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Abstract: Performance based navigation (PBN), an enabler for the Federal Aviation Administration's Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen), supports the design of more precise flight procedures. However, these new procedures can be visually complex, which may impact the usability of charts that depict the procedures. This study evaluated whether there are performance benefits from simplifying aeronautical charts by separating visually complex area navigation (RNAV) and required navigation performance (RNP) procedures onto different chart images. Forty-seven professional pilots who were qualified to operate with RNAV and RNP participated. They used high-fidelity current and modified charts to find specific information from RNAV (RNP) approach and RNAV Standard Instrument Departure (SID) chart images that were shown one at a time on a computer monitor. Response time and accuracy were recorded. Results showed a consistent and significant reduction in the time to find information from the simplified chart images. Response time varied linearly with a simple clutter metric, the sum of visual elements in the depiction, indicationg serial visual search. Most questions were answered with high accuracy, but some questions about altitude constraints yielded low accuracies. This experiment did not explore practical disadvantages of separating paths, such as the increased number of images to handle."--Technical report documentation page.

Download or read book Evaluation of a Technique to Simplify Area Navigation and Required Navigation Performance Charts written by U.S. Department Of Transportation Federa and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-12 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance based navigation (PBN), an enabler for the Federal Aviation Administration's Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen), supports the design of more precise flight procedures. However, these new procedures can be visually complex, which may impact the usability of charts that depict the procedures. This study evaluated whether there are performance benefits from simplifying aeronautical charts by separating visually complex area navigation (RNAV) and required navigation performance (RNP) procedures onto different chart images. Forty-seven professional pilots who were qualified to operate with RNAV and RNP participated. They used high-fidelity current and modified charts to find specific information from RNAV (RNP) approach and RNAV Standard Instrument Departure (SID) chart images that were shown one at a time on a computer monitor. Response time and accuracy were recorded.

Download or read book Evaluating the Depiction of Complex Area Navigation Required Navigation Performance Procedures and Analyzing a Potential De cluttering Technique written by Abhizna Butchibabu and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance Based Navigation (PBN) is a key element of the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) NextGen Program. In order to increase National Airspace System (NAS) capacity and efficiency, PBN routes and procedures are being developed, including Area Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance (RNP) procedures. RNAV enables aircraft to fly directly from point-to-point on any desired flight path using groundor spaced-based navigation aids. RNP is RNAV with the addition of onboard monitoring and alerting capability. Both RNAV and RNP procedures allow aircraft to fly accurate routes without relying on ground-based navigation aids. RNAV and RNP procedures facilitate more efficient design of airspace and procedures, offering significant safety improvements and flexibility to negotiate terrain, as well as improving airspace capacity and operational efficiency. The initial implementation of RNAV and RNAV (RNP) procedures has raised several human factors issues. RNAV (RNP) Instrument Approach Procedures (IAP) and RNAV Standard Instrument Departures (SID) and Standard Terminal Arrivals (STARs) often have more waypoints, altitude constraints and other elements than conventional procedures, resulting in charts being cartographically complex. Thus, a chart review was conducted to objectively understand the procedure elements that contributed to increased information density and high levels of visual clutter. A total of sixty-three approach, fifty-two departure, and fifty-four arrival procedures were analyzed. Primary findings were that the factors associated with high levels of visual clutter included having multiple flight paths per page for approach and departure procedures, and having complex altitude constraints for arrival procedures. Multiple waypoints per path was also a factor for both arrivals and approaches. In addition, having RF legs were additional factor contributing to visual clutter for approach procedures. One method to mitigate the increased information density and visual clutter on the RNAV and RNP procedure depiction is to reduce the number of flight paths shown on a single page by separating the depicted paths to multiple pages. However, there are a number of drawbacks to this clutter mitigation technique. Example drawbacks include having more paper to carry in the flight deck and more time spent searching for the correct page within a set of separated pages. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of reducing the number of paths depicted on single-page "Modified" charts. FAA AeroNav Products and Jeppesen created versions of the Modified chart in their standard cartographical conventions. The experiment was conducted to evaluate whether these Modified charts would impact information retrieval time and accuracy compared with the "Current" charts being used now. Current FAA AeroNav Products and Jeppesen charts were used as the baseline condition. Six procedures were studied, including three RNAV departure procedures from Dallas/Fort Worth, Las Vegas, and Salt Lake City airports, and three RNAV (RNP) approach procedures from Boise, Bozeman, and Palm Springs airports. During the experiment, pilots were shown the same procedure in Current and Modified chart formats. All charts were displayed electronically on a high-resolution computer monitor. Pilots were asked information retrieval questions associated with each chart. Pilot response time and accuracy with which pilots answered the information retrieval questions were recorded. Pilots completed the task in two blocks, one for approaches and one for departures. The Current and Modified charts within each block were presented in random order, and the order of the two blocks was counterbalanced. Each block began with six practice questions. Each session took approximately one hour to complete. Data were collected from 28 commercial airline pilots and 19 corporate pilots with average flight experience of 11,484 hours. Fourteen pilots used FAA AeroNav charts, and 33 pilots used Jeppesen charts. Pilots were found to answer questions faster using Modified charts than Current charts. This effect was statistically significant with a p-value less than 0.01. For approach procedures, the mean response time for Current charts was 16.9 seconds, compared with 10.6 seconds for Modified charts. For departure procedures, the mean response time for Current charts was 16.2 seconds, compared with 13.2 seconds for Modified charts. Response times were also significantly faster for Modified charts than for Current charts when analyzed for each airport, chart manufacturer (Jeppesen and FAA AeroNav Products), and pilot type (Corporate and Airline). Overall question response accuracy for all 47 participants was 99.5%. There were no statistically significant differences found for the response accuracy between Modified and Current chart use.

Download or read book Area Navigation RNAV to Required Navigation Performance RNP Instrument Approach Chart Depiction written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Federal Aviation Regulations Aeronautical Information Manual 2009 FAR AIM written by Federal Aviation Administration and published by Skyhorse Publishing Inc.. This book was released on 2008-11-03 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All the information you need to operate in U.S...

Download or read book Standard Terminal Arrival STAR written by United States. Federal Aviation Administration and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Global Navigation Satellite Systems written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Global Positioning System (GPS) has revolutionized the measurement of position, velocity, and time. It has rapidly evolved into a worldwide utility with more than a billion receiver sets currently in use that provide enormous benefits to humanity: improved safety of life, increased productivity, and wide-spread convenience. Global Navigation Satellite Systems summarizes the joint workshop on Global Navigation Satellite Systems held jointly by the U.S. National Academy of Engineering and the Chinese Academy of Engineering on May 24-25, 2011 at Hongqiao Guest Hotel in Shanghai, China. "We have one world, and only one set of global resources. It is important to work together on satellite navigation. Competing and cooperation is like Yin and Yang. They need to be balanced," stated Dr. Charles M. Vest, President of the National Academy of Engineering, in the workshop's opening remarks. Global Navigation Satellite Systems covers the objectives of the workshop, which explore issues of enhanced interoperability and interchangeability for all civil users aimed to consider collaborative efforts for countering the global threat of inadvertent or illegal interference to GNSS signals, promotes new applications for GNSS, emphasizing productivity, safety, and environmental protection. The workshop featured presentations chosen based on the following criteria: they must have relevant engineering/technical content or usefulness; be of mutual interest; offer the opportunity for enhancing GNSS availability, accuracy, integrity, and/or continuity; and offer the possibility of recommendations for further actions and discussions. Global Navigation Satellite Systems is an essential report for engineers, workshop attendees, policy makers, educators, and relevant government agencies.

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Download or read book Federal Aviation Regulations Aeronautical Information Manual 2014 written by Federal Aviation Administration and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you’re an aviator or aviation enthusiast, you cannot be caught with an out-of-date edition of the FAR/AIM. In today’s environment, there is no excuse for ignorance of the rules of the US airspace system. In the newest edition of the FAR/AIM, all regulations, procedures, and illustrations are brought up to date to reflect current FAA data. This handy reference book is an indispensable resource for members of the aviation community, as well as for aspiring pilots looking to get a solid background in the rules, requirements, and procedures of flight training. Not only does this manual present all the current FAA regulations, it also includes: • A study guide for specific pilot training certifications and ratings • A pilot/controller glossary • Standard instrument procedures • Parachute operations • Airworthiness standards for products and parts • The NASA Aviation Safety reporting form • Important FAA contact information This is the most complete guide to the rules of aviation available anywhere. Don’t take off without the FAR/AIM!

Download or read book Instrument Procedures Handbook FAA H 8261 1A FAA Handbooks written by Federal Aviation Administration and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

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Download or read book Federal Aviation Administration Aeronatutical Information Manual Official Guide to Basic Flight Information and ATC Procedures written by United States Federal Aviation Administration and published by chartbundle.com. This book was released on 2012 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Federal Aviation Administration Aeronautical Information Manual(AIM) Official guide to basic flight information and Air Traffic Control procedures. August 26, 2012.(Chartbundle rev A)

Download or read book National Plan for Navigation written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: